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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 66 (1982), S. 121-131 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The coral genus Porites was investigated to evaluate the use of skeletal strontium content as a recorder of seasonal and annual temperature oscillations. In the Hawaiian archipelago, the mean annual water temperature fluctuates by ±0.5C°, with seasonal temperature ranges of 4 to 8C°; the resolution of the Sr thermometer appears to be ±1.5C°. Of this error term, ±0.7C° is analytical, the remainder is “biological”. Corals from some locations yield temperatures which are consistently offset from the Sr vs temperature calibration line, suggesting genetic population differences. Analysis of cores collected in 1980 from Hawaiian Porites spp. showed no discernible long-term trends over a 100 yr period. Although absolute temperatures are poorly resolved, subannual oscillations in skeletal Sr values accurately reflect recorded seasonal temperature variations. The most useful application of the Sr thermometer is in deciphering the skeletal density band pattern. Subannual oscillations in Sr-temperature values when correlated with density values showed a consistent pattern. When the sections chosen for x-radiography closely followed the growth axis, an abrupt shift from minimum to maximum skeletal density was evident in September/October each year, followed by a gradual decrease in density. The density pattern, shown by microdensitometry, is independent of latitude or temperature range over the Hawaiian archipelago. The annual density shift coincides with high but declining water temperature and solar insolation. If low-density growth represents optimum calcification conditions, the density shift in Hawaiian Porites spp. reflects a change in conditions from optimal to suboptimal. Analyses of samples from other Indo-Pacific locations confirm the generality of this density pattern and suggest a complex relationship between density and environmental light and temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 23 (1992), S. 89-118 
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 8 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbon dioxide gas flux across the air-water interface is most often treated as a ‘simple’ physical process, primarily responding to wind speed and water temperature. Available experimental data yield an exponential regression equation relating wind speed to the thickness of a stagnant boundary film through which gas diffuses to or from the water. Flux of CO2 is influenced by CO2 hydration reactions in the stagnant boundary layer. High pH and a thick stagnant boundary layer favour chemical enhancement of the CO2 gas flux.The rate of CO2 flux reflects the sum of net organic metabolism plus CaCO3 reactions. Some interesting gas-flux constraints on the rate of net organic carbon production and on global geochemical cycling of CaCO3 emerge. At high pH (circa 10), the maximum net organic carbon production which can be supported by CO2 flux across the air-water interface is about 0.06 mol C m&2 d&1. On a global scale, organic C, not atmospheric C, appears to account for the ‘CO2’ term in the classical CaCO3 dissolution-precipitation reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Coral reefs 10 (1991), S. 55-64 
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Coral reefs cover some 600 thousand square kilometres of the earth's surface (0.17% of the ocean surface). First order estimates show coral reefs to contribute about 0.05% of the estimated net CO2 fixation rate of the global oceans. Gross CO2 fixation is relatively high (of the order 700×1012 g C year-1), but most of this material is recycled within the reefs. Excess (net) production of organic material (E) is much smaller, of the order 20×1012 g C year-1. We estimate that 3×1012 g C year-1 (15% ofE) is buried in reef structure, 2×1012 g C year-1 (10% ofE) is available for sustained human harvest, and the remaining 75% ofE is available for export from coral reefs to adjacent areas. Comparison of estimates for net production by reefs and their surrounding oceans indicates that the excess production by coral reefs is similar to new production in the photic zone of oligotrophic oceans. Consequently, estimates for global ocean production should as a first approximation include reefal areas with the surrounding ocean when assigning average net production rates. While there are significant uncertainties in these numbers, it can be concluded that organic production by reefs plays a relatively minor role in the global scale of fluxes and storage of elements. In comparison, the companion process of biologically-mediated inorganic carbon precipitation represents a major role for reefs. While reef production does respond on local scales to variation in ocean climate, neither the absolute rates nor the amount accumulated into organic pools appear to be either sensitive indicators or accurate recorders of climatic change in most reef systems. Similarly, the productivity of most reefs should be little affected by currently predicted environmental changes resulting from the Greenhouse effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 307 (1984), S. 626-627 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An aquatic ecosystem isolated from exogenous inputs of organic material must have a long-term net organic production rate which equals or exceeds zero. Were such an isolated system not biased towards net autotrophy, the biomass and sedimentary organic materials would be consumed and the system ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 294 (1981), S. 252-253 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In our first experiment, we placed specimens of the common Indo-Pacific reef-building coral, Pocillopora damicornis, in a 90-litre aquarium and alternately placed the aquarium in sunlight and darkness during a 6-h period. The aquarium was covered with a sheet of clear plastic (Mylar) to impede gas ...
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 273 (1978), S. 225-226 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Menard and Smith1 updated hypsographic data for the world's oceans, and Professor Menard has kindly provided me with a summary of the areas within depth increments tabulated by 10 'square' of latitude and longitude. The shallowest depth increment in that summary is 0-200 m. Wells2 presented a map ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The most detailed long-term record of seawater chemistry known to the authors is the Panulirus Station 4S' data set, collected by the Bermuda Biological Station from south of Bermuda at monthly intervals from 1952 to the present1. Although this record has proved valuable in many oceano-graphic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Coral reefs 13 (1994), S. 199-201 
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Coral reefs 1 (1983), S. 179-183 
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Components of benthic communities in a coral reef system subjected to elevated particulate organic loading show differential biomass responses to this food resource. The macrofaunal biomass of the hard-bottom cryptofaunal community was elevated under such loading; termination of the nutrient input resulted in a rapid decline in hard substratum cryptofaunal biomass. In contrast, adjacent soft substratum communities showed minor variation in macrofaunal biomass. Such pronounced changes in hard-bottom communities to nutrient loading suggests that these endolithic components may be more responsive to and closely regulated by food than are their soft substratum counterparts. Thus, hard-bottom communities probably yield more information than soft-bottom assemblages in sewage (nutrient loading) studies on coral reefs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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