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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cimetidine and ranitidine on carbamazepine and sodium valproate pharmacokinetics (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 341-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; ranitidine ; carbamazepine ; sodium valproate ; pharmacokinetics ; drug metabolism ; inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose (400 mg) of carbamazepine and sodium valproate were compared in peptic ulcer patients before and after four weeks of a therapeutic course of either cimetidine (1 g/day, n=6 subjects) or ranitidine (300 mg/day, n=6 subjects). There was a small (up to 20%) but statistically significant decrease in oral clearance of carbamazepine after cimetidine treatment. A similar fall in sodium valproate clearance in five cimetidine-treated patients was accompanied by a significantly prolonged elimination half-life. No such trends were demonstrated during ranitidine treatment. Since both anticonvulsants are partly metabolized by hepatic mixed function oxidases, an inhibition by cimetidine at this level may be responsible for the observed impairment of clearance. Thus a potentially important clinical interaction may occur in patients taking anticonvulsants and cimetidine concurrently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542172
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of duration of intravenous infusion of an acute dose on plasma concentrations of cimetidine (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; intravenous infusion ; pharmacokinetics ; peptic ulcer ; duration of infusion ; acute dose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The use of cimetidine administered by bolus intravenous injection to critically ill patients has been associated with serious cardiac arrhythmias, due presumably to high initial plasma concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine the range of infusion times of a single 200 mg dose of cimetidine which would avoid high initial drug concentrations while maintaining a duration of effective concentrations no less than that resulting from bolus injection. Computer simulations of both maximum plasma cimetidine concentrations and duration of effective plasma cimetidine concentrations versus duration of infusion were based on mean pharmacokinetic date from 6 peptic ulcer patients who had received cimetidine 200 mg i.v. over 5 min. The simulations indicated that to reduce maximum plasma cimetidine concentrations by at least 50%, while maintaining the duration of effective plasma concentrations, the infusion time should be at least 30 min and no longer than 4.5 h. The validity of the simulations was subsequently tested in 4 of the patients, who received cimetidine 200 mg i.v. over 30 min. The mean maximum plasma concentration for the 30 min infusion (4.57±0.53 µg/ml) was, as predicted, approximately half that corresponding to bolus administration in these patients (8.97±1.96 µg/ml). Moreover, the duration of effective concentrations for the infusion (1.43±0.28 h) was significantly greater than that for the 5 min infusion (1.21±0.31 h). We suggest that where an acute intravenous dose of cimetidine (200 mg) is indicated, it should be administered over at least 30 min rather than as a bolus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544010
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional electrical impedance tomography (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 380 (1996), S. 509-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Our methodology of two-dimensional (2D) EIT has been described in detail previously10'12'17. Electrodes are positioned with equal spacing around the body to be imaged, thus defining a plane through the object. Voltage profiles are collected for all drive and receive electrode-pair combinations, and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/380509a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing the conditions forin vivo electrical virtual biopsies in Barrett's oesophagus (2000)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 38 (2000), S. 373-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Virtual biopsies ; Barrett's oesophagus ; Bio-electrical impedance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has previously been shown that it is possible to differentiate between squamous and columnar epithelia in rat and resected human tissues using an impedance probe to makein vitro measurements. This probe can be passed down an endoscope allowing measurements to be made in patients. However, the probe emerges parallel to the oesophageal wall, with little room to manoeuvre. The conditions of control required to give reliable readings have been investigated. The importance of pressure applied and the angle of approach to the oesophagus was assessed. Pressures in the range 26.6 Pa to 46.3 kPa and angles in the range 15–90 degrees were considered. Inin vitro studies it was observed that it was possible to obtain consistent readings with pressures greater than 2.9 kPa and with angles greater than 15 degrees between the probe and the oesophagus. These conditions can be achievedin vivo, and readings obtained from twelve patients are shown (45 readings on normal squamous, 34 on Barrett's oesophagus and 22 on stomach). At low frequencies (9.6–153.2 kHz), a Mann-Whitney test shows a significant difference (p〈0.001) when comparing the means from squamous and columnar, and also when readings from Barrett's and normal gastric epithelia are compared (p〈0.001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02345004
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of gastric electrical signals from surface electrodes using phaselock techniques Part 2—System performance with gastric signals (1978)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 16 (1978), S. 513-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Gastric electric potentials ; Phaselock techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire L'activité électrique de 0·05 Hz (3 cycles/mn) de l'estomac humain a été enregistrée pour la première fois en 1922 par Alvarez à l'aide d'électrodes placées sur la peau. Le problème majeur dans l'enregistrement avec des électrodes de surface est le mauvais rapport signal/bruit. L'application d'un système à phase rigide utilisant un plus petit nombre de circuits intégrés faciles à se procurer à ce problème est décrite et l'article discute les performances de ces systèmes.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die elektrische Aktivität des menschlichen Magens von 0·05 Hz (3 Period pro Minute) wurde erstmals im Jahre 1922 durch Alvarez mittels Hautelektroden aufgezeichnet. Der schlechte Rauschabstand ist bei den Aufzeichnungen mittels Hautelektroden das wesentliche Problem. Die Behandlung dieses Problems durch Anwendung eines phasenstarren Systems mit wenigen handelsüblichen integrierten Schaltungen ist beschrieben worden und in dieser Dokumentation wird die Wirkungsweise des System erörtert.
    Notes: Abstract The 0·05 Hz (3 cycle/min) electrical activity from the human stomach was first recorded in 1922 by Alvarez, using electrodes placed on the skin. The major problem with surface electrode recording is the poor signal/noise ratio. The application of a phaselock system, using a smaller number of readily available integrated circuits, to this problem has been described and in the paper the performance of this system is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457801
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of gastric electrical signals from surface electrodes using phaselock techniques: Part 1—System design (1978)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 16 (1978), S. 507-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Gastric electric signals ; Phaselock techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire L'activité électrique de 0·05 Hz (3 cycles/mn) de l'estomac humain a été enregistrée pour la première fois en 1922 par Alvarez à l'aide d'électrodes placées sur la peau. Le problème majeur dans l'enregistrement avec des électrodes de surface est le mauvais rapport signal/bruit. L'application d'un système à phase rigide, utilisant un plus petit nombre de circuits intégrés faciles à se procurer, à ce problème est décrite dans l'article.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die elektrische Aktivität des menschlichen Magens von 0·05 Hz (3 Perioden pro Minute) wurde erstmals im Jahre 1922 durch Alvarez mittels Hautelektroden aufgezeichnet. Der schlecte Rauschabstand ist bei den Aufzeichnungen mittels Hautelektroden das wesentliche Problem. Die Behandlung dieses Problems durch Anwendung eines phasenstarren Systems mit wenigen handelüblichen integrierten Schaltungen wird in dieser Dokumentation beschrieben.
    Notes: Abstract The 0·05 Hz (3 cycle/min) electrical activity from the human stomach was first recorded in 1922, by Alvarez, using electrodes placed on the skin. The major problem with surface electrode recordings is the poor signal/noise ratio. The application of a phaselock system, using a smaller number of readily available integrated circuits, to this problem is described in the paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457800
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of autoregressive-modelling techniques for the analysis of colonic myoelectrical activity in man (1980)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 18 (1980), S. 591-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Colonic rhythm ; Myoelectrical activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monopolar and bipolar recordings of human colonic myoelectric activity have been made on 29 occasions from implanted serosal electrodes attached to either the ascending colon or transverse colon. The records were analysed visually by fast-Fourier-transform techniques and by autoregressive modelling. The results obtained by autoregressive modelling, which is a completely objective technique, were compared with the results obtained by visual and fast-Fourier-transform techniques. It is concluded that the autoregressive-modelling technique gives results which correlate well with visual analysis by a trained observer, and has the advantage of a numerical print out of frequency together with automatic significance detection. The technique would enable accurate comparison of results to be made by research groups working on colonic myoelectrical activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02443131
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Video signal analyser with applications for head movement monitoring of severely handicapped people (1991)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 29 (1991), S. 622-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Head movement ; Severely handicapped people ; Video signal analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446110
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  • 9
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    Multifrequency and parametric EIT images of neonatal lungs (1995)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0967-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6579
    Topics: Medicine , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    Low frequency electrical bioimpedance for the detection of inflammation and dysplasia in Barrett s oesophagus (2003)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-03-06
    Print ISSN: 0967-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6579
    Topics: Medicine , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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