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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution and membrane properties of zwitterionic polymers (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 1691-1697 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The aqueous solution properties of poly(4-vinylpyridinium sulfopropylbetaine) (PVPyPS, systematic name: poly{1-[1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)pyridinium-4-yl]ethylene} (1)) and poly(3-methacryloylethoxycarbonylpyridinium sulfopropylbetaine) (PMAPS, systematic name: poly{1-methyl-1-[2-[1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)pyridinium-3-ylcarbonyloxy]ethoxycarbonyl]ethylene} (2)) are investigated. Polymers 1 and 2 are soluble only in salt solutions and their intrinsic viscosity increases with increasing salt concentration, this being a common property of poly(sulfobetaine)s. Hydrogel membranes containing PVPyPS are opaque in pure water but become transparent in salt solution.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870713
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolytes containing dihyronicotiamide I. Electrostatic effect on the reduction in aqueous solution (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 745-752 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reduction of charged or uncharged substrates by a copolymer of N-(p-vinylbenzyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide and sodium styrene-p-sulfonate (PNAH) in aqueous solutions was investigated. Electrostatic interaction of PNAH with charged substrates led to a far more effective reduction of crystalviolet (CV) and a far less effective reduction of potassium ferricyanide (FeC) than the monomer model [N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH)] system. In the PNAH-CV system, in particular, a rapid reduction occurs by a first-order process because of the remarkable concentration effect of the polymer. Furthermore, this reduction was not appreciably affected by an added salt, suggesting the presence of hydrophobic interaction between PNAH and CV.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250301
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolytes containing dihydronicotinamide. III. Fluorescence quenching by nicotinamide-containing polymers in aqueous solution (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 2871-2880 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Charge-transfer (CT) interaction of N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH) and poly(sodium styrene-p-sulfonate) containing 6 mol % of BNAH groups (PNAH) with several types of nicotinamide-containing polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution was investigated by fluorescence quenching. The experimental data were analyzed in terms of a kinetic model including both static and dynamic quenching. Hydrophobic association of BNAH with the polymers led to more effective quenching than the monomer [N-benzylnicotinamide (BNA)] system. Electrostatic attraction of PNAH and BNA also resulted in the remarkably large value of apparent quenching constant (K′ = 1.4 × 104M-1). Further, the fluorescence of PNAH was quenched far more effectively by poly[N-(p-vinylbenzyl)nicotinamide] (PBNA) and poly(acrylamide)s containing nicotinamide (NA) groups (PAm) due to the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC). In this case, the K′ value depended on the BNA content in the copolymer, suggesting the structural matching effect of the interacting pair on the intermacromolecular interaction.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080251021
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of copolymers of methacrylic acid and 4-vinylpyridine in comparison with an intermacromolecular complex of poly(methacrylic acid) with poly(4-vinylpyridine) (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 3461-3474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solution properties of copolymers [C(MA-Py)x] of methacrylic acid and 4-vinylpyridine and intermacromolecular complexes of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) and poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) in the presence or absence of a proton-accepting water-soluble polymer such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in water/methanol mixed solvent are studied by potentiometric titration, turbidity and viscosity methods. These copolymers behave like polyampholytes and their solubilities are strongly dependent with pH changes. The pH regions where they are precipitated around their isoelectric points are narrower than those of the intermacromolecular complex of PMAA with PVP. The polyampholyte can form an intermacromolecular complex with PEG in acidic solution but this complex is soluble in the medium.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080241227
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolyte containing dihydronicotinamide. II. Interaction of polymer and substrate (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 1383-1394 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reduction of crystal violet (CV) by poly(sodium styrene-p,-sulfonate) containing dihydronicotinamide (NAH) groups (PNAH) was compared with that by poly(sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate) containing NAH groups (PNAH-AMPS) in aqueous media. PNAH reduced CV far more effectively than PNAH-AMPS, suggesting the presence of both hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction between PNAH and CV. An obvious color change was observed on addition of CV to the polyelectrolyte solutions, which was largely affected by the kind of polymers and the experimental conditions such as ionic strength and medium composition. These results imply that the location of CV within the macromolecular domain is an important factor for the polyelectrolyte-induced metachromasy. Some correlations of the metachromatic behaviors of CV with the reduction were also discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250515
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of water-soluble polymers on fusion of egg yolk and soybean phospholipid liposomes (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 3433-3446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The efficiencies of polyelectrolytes, i.e., polycations and polyanions, and several kinds of water-soluble polymers as fusogens on soybean phospholipid liposome (SL) and egg yolk phospholipid liposome (EL) were investigated by the fluorescence quenching method. There were optimal concentrations for the induction of fusion in every system. Polycations induced fusion of liposomes at very low concentration in comparison with other polymers. Poly(carboxylic acid)s induced fusion at relatively high concentration. A strong acidic polyanion with high molecular weight also induced fusion of liposomes. The induction efficiency of poly(ethylene glycol) on fusion was higher than other nonionic polymers. The efficiency of fusion of EL was lower than that of SL in all systems because of the higher stability of EL membrane. It was found that electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and/or hydrophobic interaction between these water-soluble polymers and liposomal membranes played an important role on aggregation and fusion of liposomes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080241225
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of an electron-acceptor polymer and its charge transfer complex with an electron-donor polymer (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 186 (1985), S. 1505-1512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A polymeric charge-transfer complex (CT complex) was prepared from poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVCz) as an electron-donor polymer and poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl 4,5,7-trinitro-9-oxo-2-fluorenecarboxylate] [poly(1)] as an electron-aceptor polymer. Equilibrium constants, K, and thermodynamic parameters for the polymeric CT complex formation and for monomeric model systems were determined. The mole ratio of the components in the CT complex is 1:1 except for the system ethylcarbazole (EtCz)-poly(1). K decreases in the following order: PVCz-poly(1) 〉 EtCz-1 〉 PVCz-1 ≫ EtCz-poly(1). The difference in K is mainly due to the entropy term.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021860717
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex formation of polyampholyte with proton-accepting polymers through hydrogen bonding (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 967-975 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyampholytes, copolymers of methacrylic acid and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate [C(MA-AM)x] of various composition, were synthesized. Their isoelectric points (pI) are in the range 5 〈 pH 〈 7. Undissociated methacrylic acid residues in the copolymers can interact with ether oxygens of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and ketone groups of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVPo) in the acidic pH region through hydrogen bonding. However, only copolymers having more than about 60 mol-% of methacrylic acid residues form complexes with PVPo and high molecular weight PEG. The composition of the obtained complexes is 1:1 (mole ratio of methacrylic acid residues of the copolymer to repeating units of PVPo and PEG).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870425
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