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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of 2,5-Di-p-Tolyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole Crystals by Atomic Force Microscopy (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemistry of materials 7 (1995), S. 1041-1044 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm00053a034
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Three Dimensional Crystal Structure of a Cadmium Thiolate (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 34 (1995), S. 4926-4929 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00123a031
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-n-Alkyl N,N-dimethylammonioacetic acid bromides: the first complete series of crystal and molecular structure determinations of an amphiphilic compound with alkyl chain lengths n = 1,..., 16 (2000)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 124-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The molecular and crystal structures of 16 N-n-alkyl N,N-dimethylammonioacetic acid bromides with chain lengths between n = 1 and n = 16 have been determined. All compounds from n = 5 to n = 16 form bilayers with interdigitated chains. The even-numbered chains display the chain packing type M2II. The chain packing of the odd-numbered chain compounds is less regular. The head groups of all compounds are connected via electrostatic N+...Br− interactions, and by OH...Br− hydrogen bonds. The compounds with short chains are packed in different ways. Their molecular conformation depends on the crystal packing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768199007740
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compensation of decreased triose phosphate/phosphate translocator activity by accelerated starch turnover and glucose transport in transgenic tobacco (1998)
    Springer
    Planta 204 (1998), S. 366-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Antisense repression ; Glucose translocator ; Nicotiana ; Starch mobilisation ; Triose phosphate/phosphate translocator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were transformed with an antisense construct of the chloroplast triose phosphate/phosphate translocator (TPT). Three transformant lines of the T4 progeny, which showed a large decrease in the transcript level of the TPT were used for further biochemical and physiological characterisation. In all antisense lines tested, TPT transport activity was diminished by 50–70% compared with the wild type (WT). Despite this high reduction in the transport capacity, αTPT plants lacked any visible phenotype. Hexokinase and α-amylase activities were increased in αTPT plants compared with the WT, whereas activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) were not affected. At the end of a 14-h light period, leaf starch contents in αTPT lines were similar to those of the WT and controls, indicating that a decrease in the TPT had no effect on starch accumulation. Sucrose contents were diminished by more than 50% in αTPT lines compared with control plants. The time course of starch accumulation revealed a transient increase in the starch content in a selected αTPT line after 6 h in the light, followed by a decrease towards the end of the light period. Labelling with 14C indicated that during the dark and light (late afternoon) periods starch is mobilised at higher rates in αTPT lines than in the controls. Glucose/fructose ratios at the end of the dark period were increased from 1.2 in control plants to 2 in αTPT lines indicating increased amylolytic starch degradation. Initial rates of [14C] glucose transport in isolated chloroplasts were increased by a factor of 2–3 in αTPT plants compared with the WT. Rates of CO2 assimilation were substantially diminished in the αTPT lines in high CO2 and low O2, but remained unaffected in ambient CO2. The rate of photosynthetic electron transport during the induction of photosynthesis in saturating CO2 exhibited pronounced oscillations only in WT and control plants. Oscillations were less pronounced in αTPT plants, indicating that phosphate limitation of photosynthesis is lowered in αTPT plants compared with the WT. It is proposed that photoassimilates are more readily directed into starch biosynthesis in αTPT plants. This is supported by determinations of 3-phosphoglycerate levels (an activator of AGPase) during the transition from dark to light in high CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050268
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of P-type H+-ATPase genes from potato (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 26 (1994), S. 979-988 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: ATPase ; phloem loading ; plasma membrane ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; multigene family ; sucrose transporter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract H+-ATPase cDNAs were identified in a potato leaf library using an Arabidopsis gene as a probe. Based on their sequences, the clones could be grouped into at least two classes. A similar classification was obtained from the analysis of sequence data from four tobacco genes. Both potato genes are expressed in all tissues analysed, higher levels of expression were found in leaves and stem than in roots and tubers. For both genes, no significant differences in level of expression could be detected under a variety of conditions such as cold treatment, anaerobiosis, sucrose induction or treatment with a synthetic cytokinin. Only 2,4-D and prolonged periods of darkness lead to a slight reduction in mRNA levels. The reduction in darkness was compensated after transfer of the plants back into the light. Expression of the ATPase genes remained constant in transgenic plants which are inhibited in phloem loading due to antisense inhibition of the sucrose transporter. On the other hand, expression of the sucrose transporter is inducible by auxin and cytokinin but not by sucrose. Taken together, these data suggest that at least the two plasma membrane H+-ATPase genes analysed are rather constant in their expression and that either other genes respond to external stimuli or that most of the regulation occurs at the post-transcriptional level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028864
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatic Poly(1, 3, 4-Oxadiazoe)s as Advanced materials (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 9 (1997), S. 601-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19970090804
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Possibilities for the formation and characterization of solid-state-structures in aromatic polyoxadiazoles (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 204 (1993), S. 111-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abhängig von den Fällbedingungen tritt Poly(p-phenylen-1,3,4-oxadiazole) in zwei Modifikationen auf. Dies kann sowohl durch FTIR-Spektroskopie als auch mit Röntgenweitwinkelstreuung nachgewiesen werden. In beiden Fällen zeigt jede Modifikation charakteristische Peaks. Bei der Verarbeitung zu Fäden oder Filmen aus Lösungen in konzentrierter Schwefeläure durch Fällen in Wasser wird die im thermodynamischen Ungleichgweicht stehende β-Modifikation erhalten. Unter speziellen Bedingungen ist es möglich, die dreidimensional geordnete Gleichgewichtsstruktur direkt herzustellen. Verarbeitungsprodukte aus dieser α-Modifikation weisen merklich höhere Festigkeiten auf.
    Notes: Depending on the coagulation conditions, poly(p-phenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole) in the solid state forms two modifications, as can be evidenced by FTIR spectroscopy and by wide-angle X-ray scattering curves (WAXS). In both cases each modification is detectable by characteristic peaks. Processing of fibers or films from solutions in concentrated sulfuric acid by coagulation in water results in the formation of a thermodynamically non-equilibrium form, defined as β-modification. Under special conditions it is possible to obtain the three-dimensionally ordered equilibrium α-structure that leads to processing products with markedly higher tenacities.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1993.052040110
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New polyhydrazides and poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s containing pendent phenoxy groups (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 238 (1996), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine Reihe neuartiger Polyhydrazide mit endständigen Phenoxygruppen wurde aus äquimolaren Anteilen von Dicarbonsäuredichloriden und Phenoxyterephthalsäuredihydrazid durch Lösungspolykondensation in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinon (NMP) bei niedriger Temperatur hergestellt. Durch thermische Cyclisierung der Polyhydrazide wurden die entsprehchenden Poly(1,3,4-oxadiazol)e mit endständigen Phenoxygruppen erhalten. Die Polymeren wurden durch Viskosimetrie, Löslichkeitsuntersuchungen, IR-Spektroskopie, Differentialkalorimetrie und Thermogravimetrie charakterisiert.
    Notes: A series of new polyhydrazides containing pendent phenoxy groups has been synthesized by low-temperature solution polycondensation of equimolar amounts of diacid dichlorides and 2-phenoxyterephthalic dihydrazide in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidi-none (NMP). The thermal cyclization of the polyhydrazides gave the corresponding poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s containing pendent phenoxy groups. The polymers were characterized by viscometry, solubility measurements, IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1996.052380106
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(oxadiazole-imide)s containing hexafluoroisopropylidene units (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 235 (1996), S. 111-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine Reihe neuartiger Poly(1,3,4-oxadiazolimid)e wurde aus verschiedenen aromatischen Dihydraziden und Disäuredichloriden, die sowohl Imid- als auch Hexafluoroiso-propyliden-Einheiten enthielten, hergestellt, Die Disäuredichloride wurden mit den aromatischen Dihydraziden zu Poly(hydrazidimid)en umgesetzt, die anschließend im festen Zustand unter Dehydratisierung zu den Poly(1,3,4-oxadiazolimid)en zyklisiert wurden. Die erhaltenen Polymeren sind in polaren Lösemitteln löslich und unter Stick-stoff bis 450-480°C thermisch stabil.
    Notes: A series of new poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole-imide)s has been synthesized from various aromatic dihydrazides and diacid chlorides which contain both imide and hexafluoroisopropylene units. The diacid chlorides were reacted with aromatic dihydrazides to prepare poly(hydrazide-imide)s which were subsequently cyclodehydrated in their solid state to give poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole-imide)s. The new polymers were soluble in polar solvents and were stable up to 450-480°C in nitrogen, as determined by thermogravimetric analysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1996.052350110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine umlagerung S-substituierter cyclohexanonthioxime (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1994 (1994), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Aminations ; 1-Oxa-2-azaspiro[2.5]octane ; Thioximes ; Benzazoles ; 2-Thiouraciles ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Rearrangement of S-Substituted Cyclohexanone ThioximesMercaptoheterocycles like 2-mercaptobenzazoles 5, 2-mercaptouracils 10, and ketene S,S-acetals 18 are aminated by 1-oxa-2-azaspiro[2.5]octane (1). The intermediate cyclohexanone thioximes, which can be isolated in some cases (6a-c, 11), undergo a 1,3-shift of the mercapto fragment from the nitrogen to the carbon atom followed by cyclization and/or hydrolysis. Thus, new heterocyclic systems as 14-17 or 19 can be created.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199419940211
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