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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Production of CRMs ; Bowen's kale ; Residual water determination ; Thallium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Cabbage is frequently used in environmental monitoring and food control, and, hence, cabbage reference materials (RMs) are required for ensuring quality assurance. A cabbage RM was prepared in view of certification of specific elements from the "black list" of high toxicological interest and nutritive importance. All tasks of the RM production (production of the plant material, cutting and freeze-drying, determination of the residual water content, preparation of the RM, homogeneity testing, stability testing, certification measurements) are described in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 116 (1994), S. 205-209 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: ICP-MS ; iodine ; biological material ; Schöninger combustion ; CRMs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The present work describes an analytical procedure for the determination of the total iodine content in biological materials (serum, milk, plants, tissues etc.). Liquid samples can be directly analyzed after dilution, if necessary, by ICP-MS. Milk powder, plants and tissues were dissolved by using a modified simple Schöninger combustion, subsequently the residue was taken up in 0.1 mol/l NaOH and this solution was analyzed by ICP-MS. The detection limit is in the range of 0.01 μg/l. The method was tested using different CRMs certified for the iodine content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: separation of gold ; iron rich matrices ; off/on-line preconcentration ; coupling to ICP-spectrometer ; standard reference materials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A preconcentration/separation method has been developed for the off/on-line determination by ICP-AES of gold in complex matrices, containing iron and manganese which cause severe spectral interferences on the two most sensitive Au-lines. The available automated preconcentration apparatus was modified using as absorbent the highly selective, for precious metals, chelating anion exchanger SRAFION NMRR. From the elution of this resin with 5% thiourea a nearly quantitative recovery of gold and its separation from iron, existing in percent range in the matrix, and from manganese was obtained. The validity of the developed method was tested by the determination of gold in standard reference materials from BCR, such as sewage sludge of domestic and mainly industrial origin and in a calcareous loam soil. The preconcentration procedure was synchronized with the ICP operating parameters in order to get an optimised on-line coupling of these two systems. The described process has been successfully applied to the determination of low gold contents in dissolved iron rich sediments using for the gold prospection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: quality assurance ; quality control ; accreditation ; intercomparison exercises
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The Euroanalysis VII conference in Vienna included a two-day session: Quality Assurance in Analytical Chemistry. The contributions comprised 15 lectures devoted to: intra-laboratory quality measures, inter-laboratory control, formal aspects and accreditation and implementation. The paper presents an overview of the main items developed by the contributors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 106 (1992), S. 191-201 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: ICP-AES ; preconcentration ; standard reference materials ; trace element analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A PC-controlled on-line preconcentration system (TRACECON) developed by Knapp et al. [11], was connected to a JY-70 Plus simultaneous ICP spectrometer to preconcentrate on-line seven trace elements (Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, V) in biological and environmental samples. EDTrA-cellulose was used as column material. The elemental concentrations were determined by simultaneous ICP-AES. The effect of pH of the sample solution on the enrichment was studied. It was found that the recoveries of chromium and iron depend strongly on the pH of the sample solution. All the elements mentioned were recovered quantitatively at pH 4.0±0.1. The flow rates of sample solution and element solution were optimized. The enrichment factors for seven elements at 5 ml loading volume range from 3.9 for Cu to 7.9 for Zn. The detection limits of all seven elements were improved. The accuracy of the method was tested by the analysis of a number of CRMs of NIST, BCR and NIES. Most results are in good agreement with the certified values.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 429-430 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 594-599 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An online hyphenation of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is developed, using a homemade nebulizer as the interface. The high resolution power of CE is used for the separation of metal species, whereas ICP-MS is taken for element specific detection with low detection limits. Metal species of standard solutions and real samples are separated and monitored by UV and ICP-MS. After optimization, electropherograms with high resolution were obtained, showing low detection limits around 1 μg/L (e.g. Pt-species) and very high resolution. Typical analysis times were below 22 min. Quality control aspects concerned species stability during the analytical procedure and stability of electrical current during nebulization. A possible interfering suction flow was estimated and found to be negligible.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 99 (1989), S. 355-364 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: ICP-spectrometry ; soil analysis ; standard reference material
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The most sensitive emission lines for the elements B, Be, Co and Mo are strongly influenced by disturbing emission lines of Fe using “normal” optical resolution. The advantages of high resolution, applying the new ICP-spectrometer JY 38 Plus (Jobin-Yvon, France) with the 2400 lines/mm grating measuring in the 1st and 2nd order will be discussed. Beside the concentrations in soils, sediments and sludges, applying aqua regia and HF decomposition methods, the detection limits in these matrices will be given. The possibilities of ICP-spectrometry for the determination of the above-mentioned elements are shown at the examples of SRMs (standard reference materials). The materials used here were three soils and three sludges from the BCR (Community Bureau of Reference, European Communities) and one sediment from NBS (National Bureau of Standards, USA). For example, the most sensitive and normally used line for the determination of boron at 249.7733 nm cannot be used in case of this type of matrix due to normally high Fe-concentrations and due to a strong Fe-interference. Therefore, it is necessary to use the line at 249.6778 nm, where an interference-free measurement can be achieved in case of high optical resolution. The measured B-contents in these samples are in the range of 20 to 60 μg/g, for Co in the 10 μg/g region, for Be well below 1 μg/g, for Sn between 3 and 400 μg/g. Mo was only detectable in the sludge samples (limit of determination 0.5 μg/g).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Preconcentration ; third phase ; trace elements ; ICP-AES
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A preconcentration method based on third phase extraction has been developed and combined with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for determination of Sb, Pb, Tl at trace levels in water samples. The reagents diantipyrylmethane and potassium iodide were applied for complexing Sb, Pb, Tl and producing a third phase extraction system. This third phase system produces relatively large enrichment factors and complete isolation of trace elements from high salt-containing matrices which influence strongly the plasma condition. Experimental parameters of the extraction, such as concentrations of complexing reagents, pH and extraction time have been optimized. Under the selected conditions, this third phase ICP-AES combination procedure gave multielemental detection limits for Sb, Pb, Tl which are superior by an order of magnitude or more to those obtained by ICP-AES alone without preconcentration. Precision of the technique is better than 10% at the 10 μg/l level. The accuracy of this approach is demonstrated by its application to tapwater, artificial seawater and reference seawater samples.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: platinum ; water solubility ; complexing agents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Platinum is released into the environment as a result of surface abrasion from automobile catalysts during operation. Previous investigations showed that this finely dispersed metallic platinum is dissolved in organic matrices, e.g. a humic soil to a significantly high degree, resulting in possibly bioavailable Pt species. In this work several natural complexing agents (adenosine, ADP, ATP, L-His, humic acid fraction, L-Met, pyrophosphate, and triphosphate) were treated with metallic platinum (as Pt black and as a Pt(0) containing tunnel dust) for 3–60 d. Some of the compounds used dissolved Pt(0) to a recognizable degree, whereas others were in the range of the aqueous blanks. Comparison of Pt black with a natural dust sample showed that L-methionine had in both cases the greatest effect after 60 d. Generally more Pt(0) was dissolved in the dust sample (finer dispersion and smaller particle size) than in the Pt-black used. By carrying out the experiment under natural conditions instead of in pure oxygen-, the amounts of dissolved platinum are about one order of magnitude lower.
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