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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Storage Stability of Nickel Catalysts. Decrease in Activity of Nickel Catalysts under Liquids, with Special Reference to Raney Nickel (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 1 (1962), S. 161-164 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i360003a005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The accumulation of polyphosphate in Acinetobacter spp. (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 9 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1980.tb05652.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of external electron acceptors and of CO and H2 on the xylose metabolism ofBacteroides xylanolyticus X5.1 (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1994), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract WhenBacteroides xylanolyticus X5-1 was grown on xylose in batch culture, acetate, ethanol, H2, CO2 and formate were the main fermentation products. CO inhibited H2 formation byB. xylanolyticus X5-1. As a result, the product formation shifted to more ethanol and formate and less acetate. Furthermore, less biomass was produced. H2 had almost no effect on the product formation from xylose. In batch cultures, dihydroxyacetone, acetone, acetoin and acetol could act as electron acceptors during xylose metabolism. The electron acceptors were reduced to their corresponding alcohols. The product formation from xylose byB. xylanolyticus X5-1 shifted to mainly acetate and CO2, and an increased biomass yield was obtained. H2, ethanol and formate were no longer produced. In continuous cultures not only 1,2-propanediol was formed from acetol, but also acetone. The NADP-dependent ethanol dehydrogenase that was present in xylosegrown continuous-culture cells, was repressed when the organism was grown in the presence of acetol. However, another alcohol dehydrogenase was induced for reduction of the external electron acceptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902744
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of external electron acceptors and of CO and H2 on the xylose metabolism of Bacteroides xylanolyticus X5-1 (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1994), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  When Bacteroides xylanolyticus X5-1 was grown on xylose in batch culture, acetate, ethanol, H2, CO2 and formate were the main fermentation products. CO inhibited H2 formation by B. xylanolyticus X5-1. As a result, the product formation shifted to more ethanol and formate and less acetate. Furthermore, less biomass was produced. H2 had almost no effect on the product formation from xylose. In batch cultures, dihydroxyacetone, acetone, acetoin and acetol could act as electron acceptors during xylose metabolism. The electron acceptors were reduced to their corresponding alcohols. The product formation from xylose by B. xylanolyticus X5-1 shifted to mainly acetate and CO2, and an increased biomass yield was obtained. H2, ethanol and formate were no longer produced. In continuous cultures not only 1,2-propanediol was formed from acetol, but also acetone. The NADP-dependent ethanol dehydrogenase that was present in xylose-grown continuous-culture cells, was repressed when the organism was grown in the presence of acetol. However, another alcohol dehydrogenase was induced for reduction of the external electron acceptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902744
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of fertilizer price on feasibility of efficiency improvement: Case study for an urea injector for lowland rice (1994)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 39 (1994), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Economic analysis ; fertilizer subsidies ; nitrogen use efficiency ; optimization ; price policy ; rice ; yield model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Efficiency improving techniques, such as the introduction of a urea injector for lowland rice production, appear to lead to higher yields, lower fertilizer use and less environmental pollution at the same time. If farmers are free to decide on the amount of fertilizer they use, economic rationality leads to a choice between using the improved technique for saving fertilizer while obtaining the same yield, for increasing yield (at the same fertilizer rate) or for a mixed strategy (a slightly higher yield and a different fertilizer rate). The ‘economic optimum fertilizer rate’ was calculated with a simple yield model for a low and a high fertilizer application efficiency to predict which strategy would be best for the farmer. Calculations for a ‘standard’ data set for lowland rice show that the greatest benefit from an increase in application efficiency by urea deep placement instead of broadcast application can be expected when a marginal efficiency of about 9 kg rice per kg fertilizer N is used for determining the fertilizer rate. For a marginal efficiency of less than 6, savings on fertilizer are the main benefit of efficiency improvement; for higher marginal efficiencies yield increases become the main component of total benefit; for marginal efficiencies above 9, fertilizer use will increase when a more efficient technique is used, but increased yields compensate for their costs. In the four countries where a manually operated pneumatic urea injector was tested (Togo, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Ivory Coast) the price ratio of rice and fertilizer N ranged from 1.1 to 2.5. Even when a ‘risk-avoidance’ multiplier of 2 is used, we may conclude that fertilizer prices were too low relative to rice to make optimum use of the existing techniques for efficiency improvement. An equation is derived for estimating the price ratio at which the probability of farmer acceptance of techniques for improving fertilizer use efficiency is highest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750151
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increasing urea-N efficiency for transplanted lowland rice by pneumatic injection: Yield and economics at the farm level (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 33 (1992), S. 107-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Deep placement ; fertilizer efficiency ; injection ; nitrogen ; Oryza sativa L. ; pay-back period ; point placement ; urea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract To increase the fertilizer-N efficiency in lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation, new management practices are needed. Main cause of the present low efficiency is the low N recovery by plants, as a considerable part of the N applied is lost; deep placement techniques improve the recovery. A pneumatic injector, with which urea prills can be point-placed at a depth of 5–10 cm in paddy soils, was tested in 38 on-farm trials in 1989/90, mostly during the wet season. The experiments, located in Africa and Asia, focussed on differences in grain yield between conventional methods of broadcasting urea and injection by the pneumatic injector, at recommended N-rates. The study shows that the pneumatic injector is effective as a tool to improve the N fertilizer efficiency. The average yield increases per region, resulting from the use of the injector, ranged from about 250 to 1300 kg grain ha−1. The value of the yield increase would allow most farmers to recover the costs of the injector within one season, even if labour was hired to carry out the injections. The average labour requirement of the injector was 40 hours ha−1. In Indonesia, injection of prilled urea gave yields similar to those obtained with urea briquettes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051165
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dehydration and reduction of synthetic garnierite (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1975), S. 1182-1187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The morphology of synthetic garnierite, Ni3(OH)4. Si2O5, has been studied by electron microscopy. The layer structure of the hollow garnierite needles has been made visible and the observed layer distance is in accordance with the X-ray result. Synthetic garnierite, totally dehydrated above 500° C, appears to be pseudomorphous with garnierite. Total reduction of the dehydrated product in hydrogen yields porous nickel-on-silica in which the small nickel crystallites are only partly accessible to hydrogen chemisorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541401
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of propadiene. IV. Kinetics and mechanism of polymerization under the influence of rhodium(I) complexes (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 3205-3213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics and mechanisms of propadiene polymerization under the influence of [Rh(CO)2Cl]2, Rh(CO)2P(C6H5)3Cl, Rh(CO)3Cl are reported. The reaction rates are first-order in Rh(CO)2P(C6H5)3Cl and Rh(CO)3Cl and half-order in [Rh(CO)2Cl]2. They are second-order in the substrate for Rh(CO)3Cl and [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 and first-order for Rh(CO)2P(C6H5)3Cl. The data are interpreted in terms of a common intermediate mechanism. The formation of this common intermediate is the rate-determining step. A solvent effect is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.170111214
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of propadiene. III. Catalyst systems based on various rhodium (I) complexes (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 10 (1972), S. 3067-3076 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of propadiene to 1,2-polyallene by various Rh(I) based catalysts is described and discussed. Also the interrelations between these Rh(I) complexes are discussed and an overall reaction scheme is given. A mechanism is put forward in which the formation of a common intermediate from propadiene and different Rh(I) complexes is the rate determining step. It is found that the activity decreases in the order: cis-Rh(CO)2P(C6H5)3Cl 〉 [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 〉 Rh(CO)3Cl. The complexes Rh[P(C6H5)3]2(CO)Cl and Rh[P(C6H5)3]3Cl proved to be inactive in the polymerization of propadiene.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.170101023
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  • 10
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    Advanced Thomson scattering system for high-flux linear plasma generator (2012)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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