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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of Approximate Wave Functions for Extrapolation to True Energy Values (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 183 (1959), S. 175-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The variation principle shows that for the lowest state, and Eav. is thus an upper bound to the true energy, E0. No means is provided by the variation principle for the extrapolation to E0 from a series of calculated values of Eav. For an approximate function 9, the function E = #9/9 fluctuates ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/183175a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of seven members of the gene family encoding secretory aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans produces secretory aspartyl proteinases, which are believed to be virulence factors in infection. We have studied the in vitro expression of seven known members of the SAP gene family in a range of strains and serotypes by Northern analysis. SAP1 and SAP3 were regulated during phenotypic switching between the white and opaque forms of the organism. The SAP2 mRNA, which was the dominant transcript in the yeast form, was found to be autoinduced by peptide products of Sap2 activity and to be repressed by amino acids. The expression of the closely related SAP4-SAP6 genes was observed only at neutral pH during serum-induced yeast to hyphal transition. No SAP7 mRNA was detected under any of the conditions or in any of the strains tested. Our data suggest that the various members of the SAP gene family may have distinct roles in the colonization and invasion of the host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01269.x
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  • 3
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    Polyphase Neoproterozoic orogenesis within the East Africa–Antarctica Orogenic Belt in central and northern Madagascar (2011)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 357: 49-68.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-13
    Description: Our recent geological survey of the basement of central and northern Madagascar allowed us to re-evaluate the evolution of this part of the East Africa–Antarctica Orogen (EAAO). Five crustal domains are recognized, characterized by distinctive lithologies and histories of sedimentation, magmatism, deformation and metamorphism, and separated by tectonic and/or unconformable contacts. Four consist largely of Archaean metamorphic rocks (Antongil, Masora and Antananarivo Cratons, Tsaratanana Complex). The fifth (Bemarivo Belt) comprises Proterozoic meta-igneous rocks. The older rocks were intruded by plutonic suites at c. 1000 Ma, 820–760 Ma, 630–595 Ma and 560–520 Ma. The evolution of the four Archaean domains and their boundaries remains contentious, with two end-member interpretations evaluated: (1) all five crustal domains are separate tectonic elements, juxtaposed along Neoproterozoic sutures and (2) the four Archaean domains are segments of an older Archaean craton, which was sutured against the Bemarivo Belt in the Neoproterozoic. Rodinia fragmented during the early Neoproterozoic with intracratonic rifts that sometimes developed into oceanic basins. Subsequent Mid-Neoproterozoic collision of smaller cratonic blocks was followed by renewed extension and magmatism. The global ‘Terminal Pan-African’ event (560–490 Ma) finally stitched together the Mid-Neoproterozoic cratons to form Gondwana.
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  • 4
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    Cambrian successions of the Meguma Terrane, Nova Scotia, and Harlech Dome, North Wales: dispersed fragments of a peri-Gondwanan basin? (2011)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-07
    Description: : The Meguma Terrane of Nova Scotia and the Harlech Dome of North Wales preserve similar sedimentary successions of Cambrian age. Both successions comprise a thick succession of early Cambrian sandstone turbidites, overlain by early to middle Cambrian alternating mud-rich and sand-rich units in which manganese is concentrated in two stratigraphic intervals. Above these, both successions comprise anoxic, organic-rich turbidites, shallowing upward into paler, more bioturbated Tremadocian mudstone with Rhabdinopora . Within the limited constraints of the available biostratigraphic and geochronological data, major changes in environment occurred synchronously in the two successions. Both successions show much greater similarity to each other than to adjacent successions on ‘Avalonia'. A detrital zircon analysis from the Rhinog Formation, low in the Harlech Dome succession, reveals distinct clusters of ages around 537 Ma and 2.0–2.1 Ga. A close similarity to analyses from the Meguma Terrane suggests proximity between the two terranes on the margin of Gondwana during the Cambrian Period. We suggest the term Megumia for the palaeogeographical domain that included the two successions, which was dispersed during subsequent Appalachian and Caledonian movements. These observations suggest that Megumia may have separated terranes previously regarded as parts of Avalonia. Supplementary material: U/Pb detrital zircon analytical data are available at http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18431 .
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 5
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    How was the Iapetus Ocean infected with subduction? (2014)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-25
    Description: Because subduction in the Iapetus Ocean began only ~35 m.y. after the end of rifting, spontaneous foundering of mature passive margins is an unlikely subduction-initiation mechanism. Subduction is more likely to have entered the Iapetus from the boundary with the external paleo-Pacific, similar to the incursion of the Scotia, Caribbean, and Gibraltar arcs into the modern Atlantic. The subduction zone probably became sinuous, entraining fragments of the Gondwanan margin along its complex sinistral southern boundary where oblique collision caused Monian-Penobscottian deformation. Following Taconian-Grampian collision of part of the subduction system with Laurentia, remaining parts of the Iapetus were progressively infected with subduction, leading to Silurian closure.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 6
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    Records of Ocean Growth and Destruction in the Oman-UAE Ophiolite (2014)
    Mineralogical Society of America
    In: Elements
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-30
    Description: The Oman–UAE ophiolite is the largest piece of oceanic crust exposed on land, yet debate continues about its origin. It has been variously considered as an ideal analogue for a fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge and as a typical suprasubduction zone ophiolite. A resolution to this conundrum comes from the recognition of at least two different phases of magmatism, with the second phase being most voluminous in the northern blocks of the ophiolite. The first phase was formed at an oceanic spreading centre; petrological and geochemical evidence clearly shows that the second phase was formed above a subduction zone.
    Print ISSN: 1811-5209
    Electronic ISSN: 1811-5217
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Mineralogical Society of America
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  • 7
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    Ganderia-Laurentia collision in the Caledonides of Great Britain and Ireland (2014)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-01
    Description: During terrane convergence, an influx of clastic sediment from an upper plate onto a lower plate is an early indication of terrane juxtaposition. In the Caledonides of Great Britain and Ireland, units accreted to Laurentia during the early Palaeozoic Era include peri-Gondwanan terrane assemblages that earlier separated from West Gondwana. However, the Southern Uplands Terrane contains detrital zircon populations apparently derived entirely from Laurentia, characterized by a large, asymmetric Mesoproterozoic peak and a scarcity of zircon at 600 Ma and 2.1 Ga. In contrast, Cambrian and Ordovician rocks from the Lake District and the Leinster Massif of Ireland show abundant grains with these ages, together with a range of Mesoproterozoic zircon. These characteristics are shared with the Monian terrane of Anglesey and with Ganderia in the Appalachians, indicating probable derivation from Amazonia in West Gondwana. Silurian sandstones from the Lake District show an influx of Laurentia-derived zircon, and lack the peri-Gondwanan signal. This indicates that in the Caledonides, Ganderia was not accreted to the Laurentian margin until c . 430 Ma, in contrast to the Ordovician accretion of Ganderian fragments recorded in the Appalachians, suggesting that the configuration of the closing Iapetus Ocean varied significantly along the strike of the orogen. Supplementary material: Details of sample coordinates, analytical procedure and U/Pb detrital zircon analytical data are available at www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18739 .
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 8
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    Diachronous Paleozoic accretion of peri-Gondwanan terranes at the Laurentian margin (2018)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉In the original Wilson cycle, the northern Appalachian–Caledonide orogen resulted from the collision of two continental masses separated by a single ocean. One of these corresponds to the modern concept of Laurentia, but the colliding continent to the east has been variously subdivided into many smaller terranes and domains, including Ganderia, Avalonia and Megumia. Using published stratigraphic evidence and detrital zircon provenance data from units of known depositional age, the timing of arrival of these units at the Laurentian margin between the Early Ordovician and Early Devonian can be constrained. Several of the accreted terranes do not extend over the entire length of the orogen, with the result that the lines separating them change character along strike from terrane-bounding sutures to simple accretionary faults. The Ganderia domain consists of at least four separate terranes that share a common origin on the continental margin of Gondwana, but were separated by back-arc oceanic crust as they crossed the Iapetus Ocean and collided diachronously with the Laurentian margin.〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Supplementary material:〈/b〉 Compilation of detrital zircon data sources is available at 〈a href="https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4044332"〉https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4044332〈/a〉〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0375-6440
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 9
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    Diachronous Paleozoic accretion of peri-Gondwanan terranes at the Laurentian margin (2018)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-30
    Description: In the original Wilson cycle, the northern Appalachian–Caledonide orogen resulted from the collision of two continental masses separated by a single ocean. One of these corresponds to the modern concept of Laurentia, but the colliding continent to the east has been variously subdivided into many smaller terranes and domains, including Ganderia, Avalonia and Megumia. Using published stratigraphic evidence and detrital zircon provenance data from units of known depositional age, the timing of arrival of these units at the Laurentian margin between the Early Ordovician and Early Devonian can be constrained. Several of the accreted terranes do not extend over the entire length of the orogen, with the result that the lines separating them change character along strike from terrane-bounding sutures to simple accretionary faults. The Ganderia domain consists of at least four separate terranes that share a common origin on the continental margin of Gondwana, but were separated by back-arc oceanic crust as they crossed the Iapetus Ocean and collided diachronously with the Laurentian margin. Supplementary material: Compilation of detrital zircon data sources is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4044332
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 10
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    Mapping shallow urban groundwater temperatures, a case study from Cardiff, UK (2017)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-19
    Description: Low-enthalpy ground source heating systems can help to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, in turn reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing energy security. To de-risk and support the sustainable development, regulation and management of ground source heating systems in urban areas, detailed baseline mapping of groundwater temperatures is required. Groundwater temperatures were measured in 168 monitoring boreholes primarily within a Quaternary sand and gravel aquifer in the city of Cardiff, UK. The data have been used to create the first city-wide map of shallow groundwater temperatures in the UK. This map can be used both to support development of ground source heating and to act as a detailed baseline from which to measure change. Shallow groundwater temperatures under the city were found to be 2°C warmer than the UK average groundwater temperature and this additional heat is attributed to the urban heat island. The zone of seasonal fluctuation varies from 7.1 and 15.5 m below ground level (mbgl) within the shallow Quaternary aquifer, averaging 9.5 mbgl. Deeper groundwater temperature profiles incorporating both the Quaternary and bedrock aquifers suggest that a ‘zone of anthropogenic influence’ exists down to about 70 mbgl.
    Print ISSN: 1470-9236
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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