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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 64 (1996), S. 25-36 
    ISSN: 0340-3793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  We developed a detailed rate equation model to study laser dynamics and active Q-switching in Tm,Ho: YAG and Tm:YAG lasers. The simulation results agreed well with published experimental data, as well as provided new insights for optimizing pulse generation.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 53 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2619-2621 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We performed spectroscopic measurements of the relaxation oscillations in a tunable Nd3+-doped fiber laser for the four-level (4F3/2-4I11/2) and for the three-level (4F3/2-4I9/2) transitions. We observed that the relaxation oscillation frequency for the three-level transition exhibited a strong wavelength dependence; in contrast, the relaxation oscillation frequency for the four-level transition did not exhibit any wavelength dependence. A simple theory to explain this remarkable feature was developed, confirming that the wavelength dependence is related to the thermal laser level population, which is significant in three-level systems but negligible in four-level systems. This should be taken into account for a careful description of laser systems, and is also instrumental for predicting oscillator or amplifier performance.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 2726-2728 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An all-fiber ring laser geometry in the form of a nonreciprocal S-ring is presented and demonstrated. Its operation is demonstrated to allow unidirectional laser oscillation. The intensity ratio for laser oscillation in each of the two directions were measured, and found to be larger than 150. This value is the largest such ratio obtained for a ring laser without Faraday isolators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 2910-2912 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An Er-doped fiber laser configuration is described which utilizes a coupled cavity terminated with Bragg reflectors with intracavity 1.48 μm laser diode used as pump source and modulator. This approach represents a minimal configuration for a mode-locked and Q-switched fully integrated fiber laser. Individual addressing of reflectors and fast wavelength switching can be obtained by current modulation of the laser diode in a dispersive compound resonator. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 224 (1969), S. 503-504 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The spectrum of the peak flux densities is shown in Fig. 1. Additional points are from Toyokawa (H. Tanaka, private communication) and from Hiraiso and Mitaka (T. Takakura, private communication). The values of the flux densities are accurate to within 10-15 per cent. These large bursts were ...
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 271 (1993), S. 967-973 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Pharmaceutical lattices ; electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The characterization of the electrical surface properties of Aquacoat, a polymer latex of great interest in pharmaceutical sciences, is described. The technique used is electrophoresis. Analysis was carried out of the effect of pH, electrolyte and surfactant concentration on the electrophoretic mobility of the latex particles. Increasing the pH of the dispersion medium provokes a monotonous increase in the value of the negative mobility. The electrolytes LiCl, KCl and NaCl give rise to larger mobilities when their concentration in solution is increased up to ca. 10−3 M, and a similar behavior is found in the presence of Na2SO4. The effect of raising the concentration of CaCl2 is to decrease the absolute value of the mobility as a consequence of double layer compression. Sodium dodecyl sulphate seems to adsorb on the particle surface increasing its negative charge, but when its concentration is close to 10−3 M saturation of the surface appears to take place, and an approximately constant mobility is suggested by data, whatever the pH of the medium. Finally, the mobility variations with LaCl3 concentration indicate adsorption of the La3+ cation when it is hydrolyzed (pH≥5), whereas non-hydrolyzed lanthanum has little effect on the particle charge.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 83-85 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.Rz ; 42.60.Fc ; 42.60.Lh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The study of the temporal and spectral behavior of relaxation oscillations in quasi-three-level systems allows the direct measurement of the absolute value and spectral profile of laser-transition absorption and emission cross sections, simultaneously and independently, not requiring the usual assumption of Boltzman distributions for the intermanifold sublevels.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Apparatur und Methode zur präzisen Bestimmung der zeitlichen Entwicklung der Stabilität von Suspensionen werden beschrieben. Die Methode wird auf die Untersuchung von Suspensionen gut charakterisierter Polystyrenkugeln angewendet. Die zeitliche Änderung der Lichtabsorption der untersuchten Systeme wurde mit einem Computer-gesteuerten Spektrophotometer verfolgt. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse, dargestellt als Stabilität der Suspensionen in Abhängigkeit von der KCl-, CaCl2- bzw. La(NO3)3-Konzentration, werden an Hand der nach der DLVO-Theorie berechneten Kurven für die Wechselwirkungsenergie zwischen den Polystyrenkugeln diskutiert. Für die drei eingesetzten Polyelektrolyte wird eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Theorie und Experiment in bezug auf die kritische Koagulationskonzentration gefunden.
    Notes: A device and method have been developed for the precise determination of the time evolution of the stability of suspensions. The technique is applied to the study of suspensions of well characterized spheres of polystyrene. The change with time of the light absorption properties of the studied systems were detected by computer control of the spectrophotometer employed. The experimental results, shown as stability of the suspensions as a function of KCl, CaCl2 and La(NO3)3 concentrations, are discussed in the light of the theoretically calculated curves of interaction energy between polystyrene spheres from DLVO theory. A very good agreement as represented by critical coagulation concentration is found between theory and experiment for the three electrolytes employed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 37 (1986), S. 361-364 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die bei Anwendung verschiedener theoretischer Elektrophoresmodelle auf die experimentell ermittelte elektrophoretische Beweglichkeit von Polystyrenkugeln erhaltenen Zetapotentiale werden analysiert. Die Korrekturen der Henry-Gleichung durch Theorien, die den Einfluß der Relaxationszeit oder der Polarisation der Doppelschicht berücksichtigen, haben eine geringere Bedeutung als Henry's Korrektur der Smoluchowski-Gleichung und scheinen bei den kleinsten (und am stärksten geladenen) Polystyrenkugeln größer zu sein. Die mit den Modellen von Overbeek und Booth erhaltenen Ergebnisse werden mit neueren Daten verglichen, die mit den numerischen Methoden von O'Brien und White erhalten wurden. Die größten Unterschiede wurden gefunden, wenn der Elektrolyt nicht symmetrisch ist und die Teilchen den kleinsten Durchmesser haben. Die Möglichkeit, die Genauigkeit der Theorien durch experimentelle Messungen zu überprüfen, wird durch die scheinbaren Differenzen der Oberflächenladungsdichte von Kugeln mit unterschiedlichem Durchmesser eingeschränkt, wie aus konduktometrischen Messungen und dem Vergleich mit den theoretischen Werten von O'Brien und White folgt.
    Notes: The zeta potentials obtained by applying several theoretical models of electrophoresis to experimental data of the electrophoretic mobility of colloidal polystyrene spheres are analyzed. The corrections to Henry's equation introduced by theories taking into account the time of relaxation or double layer polarization are of lower importance than Henry's correction to Smoluchowski's formula, and appear to be higher for the smallest (and most highly charged) polystyrene spheres. The results of Overbeek's and Booth's theories are compared with those recently obtained by O'Brien and White's numerical methods, the most important differences being found when the electrolyte is not symmetrical and the particles have the lowest diameter. The possibility of checking the accuracy of the theories through experimental data is limited by the apparently different surface charge densities of spheres with different diameters, as deduced from conductometric data and from comparison with O'Brien and White's theoretical results.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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