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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): A. Ziletti, S. M. Huang, D. F. Coker, and H. Lin Using Wannier-function-based interpolation techniques, we present compelling numerical evidence for the presence of a saddle-point Van Hove singularity at the Γ point near the phosphorene Fermi energy. We show that in proximity of the Van Hove singularity the spin susceptibility presents the logarit… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 085423] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
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    Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-07
    Description: The benefits and limitations of imaging multiples are reviewed for mirror migration. Synthetic and field data examples are used to characterize the effectiveness of migrating multiples relative to primary imaging.
    Print ISSN: 1070-485X
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-3789
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-07-11
    Description: A topological insulator (TI) is an exotic material that has a bulk insulating gap and metallic surface states with unique spin-momentum locking characteristics. Despite its various important applications, large scale integration of TI into MOSFET technologies and its coherent transport study are still rarely explored. Here, we report the growth of high quality Bi 2 Se 3 thin film on amorphous SiO 2 /Si substrate using MBE. By controlling the thickness of the film at ∼7 nm and capping the as grown film in situ with a 2 nm-thick Se layer, largest electrostatic field effect is obtained and the resistance is changed by almost 300%. More importantly, pronounced gate-tunable weak antilocalization (WAL) is observed, which refers to modulation of α from ∼−0.55 to ∼−0.2 by applying a back gate voltage. The analysis herein suggests that the significant gate-tunable WAL is attributable to the transition from weak disorder into intermediate disorder regime when the Fermi level is shifted downward by increasing the negative back gate voltage. Our findings may pave the ways towards the development of TI-based MOSFET and are promising for the applications of electric-field controlled spintronic and magnetic device.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-02-03
    Description: Molecular phylogenetic studies have not yet reached a consensus on the placement of Ginkgoales, which is represented by the only living species, Ginkgo biloba (common name: ginkgo). At least six discrepant placements of ginkgo have been proposed. This study aimed to use the chloroplast phylogenomic approach to examine possible factors that lead to such disagreeing placements. We found the sequence types used in the analyses as the most critical factor in the conflicting placements of ginkgo. In addition, the placement of ginkgo varied in the trees inferred from nucleotide (NU) sequences, which notably depended on breadth of taxon sampling, tree-building methods, codon positions, positions of Gnetopsida (common name: gnetophytes), and including or excluding gnetophytes in data sets. In contrast, the trees inferred from amino acid (AA) sequences congruently supported the monophyly of a ginkgo and Cycadales (common name: cycads) clade, regardless of which factors were examined. Our site-stripping analysis further revealed that the high substitution saturation of NU sequences mainly derived from the third codon positions and contributed to the variable placements of ginkgo. In summary, the factors we surveyed did not affect results inferred from analyses of AA sequences. Congruent topologies in our AA trees give more confidence in supporting the ginkgo–cycad sister-group hypothesis.
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-6653
    Topics: Biology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2012-04-24
    Description: Lin28 is critical for stem cell maintenance and is also associated with advanced human malignancies. Our recent genome-wide studies mark Lin28 as a master post-transcriptional regulator of a subset of messenger RNAs important for cell growth and metabolism. However, the molecular basis underpinning the selective mRNA target regulation is unclear. Here, we provide evidence that Lin28 recognizes a unique motif in multiple target mRNAs, characterized by a small but critical ‘A’ bulge flanked by two G:C base pairs embedded in a complex secondary structure. This motif mediates Lin28-dependent stimulation of translation. As Lin28 is also known to inhibit the biogenesis of a cohort of miRNAs including let-7, we propose that Lin28 binding to different RNA types (precursor miRNAs versus mRNAs) may facilitate recruitment of different co-factors, leading to distinct regulatory outcomes. Our findings uncover a putative yet unexpected motif that may constitute a mechanistic base for the multitude of functions regulated by Lin28 in both stem cells and cancer cells.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-30
    Description: Author(s): S. M. Huang, A. O. Badrutdinov, L. Serra, T. Kodera, T. Nakaoka, N. Kumagai, Y. Arakawa, D. A. Tayurskii, K. Kono, and K. Ono We study the spin-splitting energies in low-potential-barrier quantum dots, finding splitting energies that are orbital state dependent. The theoretical analysis is done with a generalization of the Fock-Darwin states in the presence of spin-orbit interactions. We discuss experimental evidence indic... [Phys. Rev. B 84, 085325] Published Mon Aug 29, 2011
    Keywords: Semiconductors II: surfaces, interfaces, microstructures, and related topics
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: The p160 family of coactivators, SRC-1, GRIP1/TIF2, and p/CIP, mediate transcriptional activation by nuclear hormone receptors. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), a previously unidentified protein that binds to the carboxyl-terminal region of p160 coactivators, enhanced transcriptional activation by nuclear receptors, but only when GRIP1 or SRC-1a was coexpressed. Thus, CARM1 functions as a secondary coactivator through its association with p160 coactivators. CARM1 can methylate histone H3 in vitro, and a mutation in the putative S-adenosylmethionine binding domain of CARM1 substantially reduced both methyltransferase and coactivator activities. Thus, coactivator-mediated methylation of proteins in the transcription machinery may contribute to transcriptional regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, D -- Ma, H -- Hong, H -- Koh, S S -- Huang, S M -- Schurter, B T -- Aswad, D W -- Stallcup, M R -- AG00093/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- DK43093/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- NS17269/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 25;284(5423):2174-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology HMR 301, University of Southern California, 2011 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10381882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1 ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2 ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3 ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Trans-Activators/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; *Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2009-09-18
    Description: The stability of the Wnt pathway transcription factor beta-catenin is tightly regulated by the multi-subunit destruction complex. Deregulated Wnt pathway activity has been implicated in many cancers, making this pathway an attractive target for anticancer therapies. However, the development of targeted Wnt pathway inhibitors has been hampered by the limited number of pathway components that are amenable to small molecule inhibition. Here, we used a chemical genetic screen to identify a small molecule, XAV939, which selectively inhibits beta-catenin-mediated transcription. XAV939 stimulates beta-catenin degradation by stabilizing axin, the concentration-limiting component of the destruction complex. Using a quantitative chemical proteomic approach, we discovered that XAV939 stabilizes axin by inhibiting the poly-ADP-ribosylating enzymes tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2. Both tankyrase isoforms interact with a highly conserved domain of axin and stimulate its degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Thus, our study provides new mechanistic insights into the regulation of axin protein homeostasis and presents new avenues for targeted Wnt pathway therapies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Shih-Min A -- Mishina, Yuji M -- Liu, Shanming -- Cheung, Atwood -- Stegmeier, Frank -- Michaud, Gregory A -- Charlat, Olga -- Wiellette, Elizabeth -- Zhang, Yue -- Wiessner, Stephanie -- Hild, Marc -- Shi, Xiaoying -- Wilson, Christopher J -- Mickanin, Craig -- Myer, Vic -- Fazal, Aleem -- Tomlinson, Ronald -- Serluca, Fabrizio -- Shao, Wenlin -- Cheng, Hong -- Shultz, Michael -- Rau, Christina -- Schirle, Markus -- Schlegl, Judith -- Ghidelli, Sonja -- Fawell, Stephen -- Lu, Chris -- Curtis, Daniel -- Kirschner, Marc W -- Lengauer, Christoph -- Finan, Peter M -- Tallarico, John A -- Bouwmeester, Tewis -- Porter, Jeffery A -- Bauer, Andreas -- Cong, Feng -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 1;461(7264):614-20. doi: 10.1038/nature08356. Epub 2009 Sep 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Axin Protein ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy/metabolism ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/pharmacology ; Humans ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Proteomics ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Tankyrases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; Wnt Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1991-06-28
    Description: The superconducting compound K(3)C(60) (with transition temperature T(c) = 19.3 kelvin at ambient pressure), formed as a single phase by reaction of alkali vapor with solids of the icosahedral C(60) molecule (buckminsterfullerene), shows a very large decrease of T(c) with increasing pressure. Susceptibility measurements on sintered pellets showing bulk superconductivity are reported up to 21 kilobars of pressure, where T(c) is already less than 8 kelvin. The results are consistent with a piling up of the density of states at the Fermi level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sparn, G -- Thompson, J D -- Huang, S M -- Kaner, R B -- Diederich, F -- Whetten, R L -- Gruner, G -- Holczer, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jun 28;252(5014):1829-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17753258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: With the accelerating process of urbanization in China, the traditional urban water system governance system is facing the challenges of flood and waterlogging, river ecosystem deterioration, water pollution and urban water shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a new urban water system governance system that respects nature and complies with nature. Taking Jinan sponge city construction as an example, the paper analyzes the existing problems in the pilot area, putting forward the overall goals of sponge city construction, total annual runoff control rate, waterlogging standards, flood control standards and build ways. The works can provide direct guidance for the construction of sponge cities in Jinan city. On the other hand, they may be able to accumulate experience for the research on urban water system construction in China, gradually boosting the application and development of sponge city theory in practice.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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