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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: house fly ; parasitoid ; reproduction ; survivorship ; intrinsic rate of natural increase ; Mouehe domestique ; parasitoïde ; reproduction ; survie ; taux intrinsèque de croissance naturelle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'Urolepis rufipes Ashmead, parasitoïde de la mouche,Musca domestica L, récemment découvert dans les fermes laitières de l'état de New York, aux Etats-Unis, a été élevé à des températures de 15, 20, 25, 30 et 34°C afin de mesurer quotidiennement le taux de fertilité, de fécondité et de survie chez les adultes. On a observé peu d'activité reproductrice ou de développement à 15°C et seules quelques femelles sont arrivées à éclore à 34°C. Le taux de croissance intrinsèque était le plus rapide à 30°C (0,282), mais le taux de fécondité était le plus élevé à 25°C (165,5 hôtes attaqués, produisant une descendance de 124,5). A 25°C le taux net de reproduction (R0)=72,1 femelles/femelle, temps de survie =18,7 jours, taux de croissance intrinsèque (rm)-0,228, taux d'augmentation fini (λ)=1,256, taux quotidien de natalité =0,302, taux quotidien de mortalité =0,021, valeur reproductive de Fischer =417,7. La proportion des sexes (en moyenne 75,9%) n'a varié d'une manière significative ni avec la température (entre 20–30°C), ni avec l'âge de la mère.
    Notes: Abstract Urolepis rufipes Ashmead, a recently discovered parasitoid of house flies at New York dairies, was reared at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 34°C to measure daily fertility, fecundity and adult survivorship. Little reproduction occurred at 15°C, and only a few ♀ successfully emerged at 34°C. The intrinsic rate of growth was fastest at 30°C (0.282 ♀/day), but fecundity was highest at 25°C (165.5 hosts attacked, producing 124.5 progeny). Some reproductive statistics at 25°C were: net reproductive rate (R0=72.1 ♀/♀, generation time =18.7 days, intrinsic rate of increase (rm)=0.228, finite rate of increase (λ)=1.26, daily birth rate =0.302, daily death rate =0.021 and Fisher's reproductive value =418. Sex ratio (average =75.9%) did not vary significantly with temperature (between 20–30°C) nor with mother's age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-07-18
    Description: Aviation and shipping currently contribute approximately 8% of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions, with growth in tourism and global trade projected to increase this contribution further1–3. Carbon-neutral transportation is feasible with electric motors powered by rechargeable batteries, though challenging if not impossible for long-haul commercial travel, particularly air travel4. A promising solution are drop-in fuels (synthetic alternatives for petroleum-derived liquid hydrocarbon fuels such as kerosene, gasoline or diesel) made from H2O and CO2 by solar-driven processes5–7. Among the many possible approaches, the thermochemical path using concentrated solar radiation as the source of high-temperature process heat offers potentially high production rates and efficiencies8 and can deliver truly carbon-neutral fuels if the required CO2 is obtained directly from atmospheric air9. If H2O is also co-extracted from air10, feedstock sourcing and fuel production can be co-located in desert regions with high solar irradiation and limited access to water resources. While individual steps of such a scheme have been implemented, we now demonstrate operation of the entire thermochemical solar fuel production chain, from H2O and CO2 captured directly from ambient air to the synthesis of drop-in transportation fuels (e.g. methanol, kerosene), with a modular 5-kWthermal pilot-scale solar system operated under real field conditions. We further identify the R&D efforts and discuss the economic viability and policies required to bring these solar fuels to market.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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