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  • 1
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    Tracking of marine predators to protect Southern Ocean ecosystems (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Nature, 580(7801), pp. 87-92, ISSN: 0028-0836
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-12
    Description: Southern Ocean ecosystems are under pressure from resource exploitation and climate change. Mitigation requires the identification and protection of Areas of Ecological Significance (AESs), which have so far not been determined at the ocean-basin scale. Here, using assemblage-level tracking of marine predators, we identify AESs for this globally important region and assess current threats and protection levels. Integration of more than 4,000 tracks from 17 bird and mammal species reveals AESs around sub- Antarctic islands in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and over the Antarctic continental shelf. Fishing pressure is disproportionately concentrated inside AESs, and climate change over the next century is predicted to impose pressure on these areas, particularly around the Antarctic continent. At present, 7.1% of the ocean south of 40°S is under formal protection, including 29% of the total AESs. The establishment and regular revision of networks of protection that encompass AESs are needed to provide long-term mitigation of growing pressures on Southern Ocean ecosystems.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    The retrospective analysis of Antarctic tracking data project (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Data, 7(94), pp. 1-11, ISSN: 2052-4463
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-12
    Description: The Retrospective Analysis of Antarctic Tracking Data (RAATD) is a Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research project led jointly by the Expert Groups on Birds and Marine Mammals and Antarctic Biodiversity Informatics, and endorsed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources. RAATD consolidated tracking data for multiple species of Antarctic meso- and top-predators to identify Areas of Ecological Significance. These datasets and accompanying syntheses provide a greater understanding of fundamental ecosystem processes in the Southern Ocean, support modelling of predator distributions under future climate scenarios and create inputs that can be incorporated into decision making processes by management authorities. In this data paper, we present the compiled tracking data from research groups that have worked in the Antarctic since the 1990s. The data are publicly available through biodiversity.aq and the Ocean Biogeographic Information System. The archive includes tracking data from over 70 contributors across 12 national Antarctic programs, and includes data from 17 predator species, 4060 individual animals, and over 2.9 million observed locations.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nocturnal synthesis and diurnal degradation of phytoplankton biomass in surface waters (1989)
    Springer
    Marine biology 101 (1989), S. 457-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Natural populations of phytoplankton were collected near the Bay of Bourgneuf, France, in spring 1982, and were subjected to natural surface irradiance outdoors. They exhibited exponential growth on time scales of a week, but significant decreases in biomass indicators such as chlorophyll a and particulate nitrogen were observed during daytime. At night, these decreases were more than compensated by increases in the same biomass variables, which could double over 12 h of darkness. These features are characteristic of phytoplankton populations in surface waters which cannot escape high irradiances, and may be representative of situations in incubation bottles held at fixed depths near the surface. Under such conditions, a decrease in biomass during daytime should not necessarily be interpreted as irreversible damage unless growth measurements are carried out over the following night hours to check for possible recovery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541647
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Do toxicity and accumulation of copper change during size reduction in the marine pennate diatom Haslea ostrearia? (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 323-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  One of the best-known features of diatom biology is the reduction in mean cell size during vegetative multiplication by binary fission. We examined changes in copper toxicity and copper accumulation during cell-size reduction in Haslea ostrearia (Simonsen), a pennate diatom responsible for greening in oyster-ponds. We selected three strains with apical axes of different lengths: 40 μm (S40), 65 μm (S65) and 85 μm (S85). Each strain was grown separately in batch culture and exposed to a range of copper overloads (0 to 1.57 μM) that were added to the culture immediately after cell inoculation. Significant differences in sensitivity to copper were observed among the three strains. S85 exhibited highest sensitivity, followed by S40, while S65 displayed the highest tolerance. After 5 to 6 d exposure to 0.47 μM copper, chlorophyll a, carbohydrate, protein and lipid content per g dry weight had not changed in any of the three strains studied, except for a decrease of 16% in chlorophyll a in S85. At the end of the growth period with 0.47 μM copper, the amount of metal per unit surface area was similar for all strains, but the quantity of intracellular copper per g dry weight was lower in S65 cells than in S40 and S85 cells. Notable differences in the kinetics of both adsorbed and intracellular copper were observed between S40 and S85. Our results suggest that tolerance mechanisms may change during the vegetative life of H. ostrearia. The differential sensitivities of the strains suggest that copper pollution may alter the cell composition of natural populations of H. ostrearia by inducing selection for smaller cell size. Since auxosporulation results in the formation of larger cells with a higher sensitivity to copper, H. ostrearia could gradually disappear from copper-contaminated environments. In addition, by inducing smaller cell size, copper contamination would have an impact on filter-feeders such as oysters, whose diet is largely composed of diatoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050690
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR studies of rotational motion at low viscosity (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 93 (1989), S. 6550-6552 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100354a052
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oyster greening by outdoor mass culture of the diatom Haslea ostrearia Simonsen in enriched seawater (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Oyster greening was first described in the seventeenth century as a natural phenomenon. However, it has recently been discovered that the diatom Haslea ostrearia Simonsen causes greening by synthesis of a blue pigment designated as ‘marennine’. This phenomenon, which involves massive proliferation of H. ostrearia in oyster ponds, was not understood or controlled by oyster farmers in the Marennes-Oléron region (Atlantic coast of France). As greening oysters improved their market value, they tried to develop empirical methods to guarantee oyster fattening and improve profits. In this context, the present study investigated the feasibility of mass culture of diatoms outdoors in 10-m3 ponds, using enriched seawater. Different biotic and abiotic parameters were monitored daily to determine the influence of the day–night temperature range. After 8 days, H. ostrearia was the dominant diatom species (66%), reaching a mean cell concentration of 2 × 105 cell mL−1 and a marennine concentration of 3.4 mg L−1. Although intensive greening was obtained, further studies are required to optimize the production stages before this technology can be transferred to oyster farmers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2001.00615.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Possible impacts of environmental change on pelagic fish recruitment: modelling anchovy transport by advective processes in the southern Benguela (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Global change biology 2 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Climate change may influence pelagic fish by altering advective processes or by changing where fish choose to spawn. Using a simulation model, the effects of altered advection and spatial distribution of spawning by anchovy on recruitment off South Africa were explored. Cape anchovy Engraulis capensis spawn on the region of the Agulhas Bank, south of South Africa. Currents transport eggs and larvae to nursery areas. Transport of eggs and larvae was modelled using a flow field based on averaged Acoustic Doppler Current Profile data, Feasible Scenarious of altered advection were modelled. For modelling purposes, the ocean surrounding South Africa was divided into blocks with dimensions of a quarter-degree latitude by a quarter-degree longitude. Acoustically measured distributions of spawner biomass for the years 1986–92 were used to calculate egg production per block. In the model, batches were released from each of these blocks each day of the spawning season. The modelling study indicates that passive transport of young anchovy may account for a substantial proportion of year-class variability. Model results show that distribution of spawners influences the distribution of young of the year, as well as the number and the location of advective losses across offshore boundaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00091.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Putative Mitochondrial Genome of Plasmodium falciparum (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 38 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Intraerythrocytic stages of mammalian malarial parasites employ glycolysis for energy production but some aspects of mitochondrial function appear crucial to their survival since inhibitors of mitochondrial protein synthesis and electron transport have antimalarial effects. Investigations of the putative mitochondrial genome of Plasmodium falciparum have detected organellar rRNAs and tRNAs encoded by a 35 kb circular DNA. Some features of the organization and sequence of the rRNA genes are reminiscent of chloroplast DNAs. The 35 kb DNA also encodes open reading frames for proteins normally found in chloroplast but not mitochondrial genomes. An apparently unrelated 6 kb tandemly repeated element which encodes two mitochondrial protein coding genes and fragments of rRNA genes is also found in malarial parasites. The malarial mitochondrial genome thus appears quite unusual. Further investigations are expected to provide insights into the possible functional relationships between these molecules and perhaps their evolutionary history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1991.tb04436.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-(4,6-Diméthylpyridin-2-yl)(thién-2-yl)carboxamide (1992)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 48 (1992), S. 572-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270191010302
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-(4,6-Diméthylpyrid-2-yl)-2-(3-nitrophényl)acétamide (1993)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 49 (1993), S. 154-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S010827019200859X
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