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  • 1
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    A middle Eocene treefall pit and its filling: a microenvironmental study from the onset of a forest mire in the Geiseltal (Germany) (2021)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-25
    Description: The treefall pit of a large tree at the base of the middle Eocene Mittelkohle has been studied in the former open-cast mine Neumark Nord of the Geiseltal Mining District. Above a light clastic soil, the sedimentation in the pit started with backfall and downwashed material grading upwards into pond deposits that filled the pit. This represents a high-resolution section equivalent in time to the initial peat-forming environment. Palynology revealed a striking difference between a fern-dominated herbaceous plant community below the pit and a pulse of washed-in fagaceous pollen (Tricolpopollenites liblarensis) at the base of the pit. This is overlain by an assemblage of woody taxa typical of a peat swamp forest associated with a number of tropical elements. Comparison with a nearby but undisturbed transition from underlying sediments to the seam confirms the ecotonal character of the parent plant of T. liblarensis, and suggests that Cupressaceae s.l., Nyssaceae and Myricaceae especially benefited from moisture and light in the clearing of the treefall pit. The transition from the underlying sediment to the lignite represents a sharp break in the sedimentary regime from clastic to purely organic material with a bounding surface colonised by large trees, most of them preserved as individual stumps, but including some fallen logs.
    Description: Lotto-Toto GmbH Sachsen-Anhalt
    Description: Ungerer Stiftung of SGN
    Keywords: ddc:561 ; Paleogene ; Palynology ; Palaeoecology ; Lignite ; Uprooting ; Tropical forest ; Ecotone
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    Elemental, biomarker, palynology and maceral data from Seam 1, Schöningen and associated interbeds
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Inglis, Gordon N; Collinson, Margaret E; Riegel, Walter; Wilde, Volker; Robson, Brittany E; Lenz, Olaf K; Pancost, Richard D (2015): Ecological and biogeochemical change in an early Paleogene peat-forming environment: Linking biomarkers and palynology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 438, 245-255, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.08.001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Sphagnum moss is the dominant plant type in modern boreal and (sub)arctic ombrotrophic bogs and is of particular interest due to its sensitivity to climate and its important role in wetland biogeochemistry. Here we reconstruct the occurrence of Sphagnum moss - and associated biogeochemical change - within a thermally immature, early Paleogene (~55 Ma) lignite from Schöningen, NW Germany using a high-resolution, multi-proxy approach. Changes in the abundance of Sphagnum-type spores and the C23/C31n-alkane ratio indicate the expansion of Sphagnum moss within the top of the lignite seam. This Sphagnum moss expansion is associated with the development of waterlogged conditions, analogous to what has been observed within modern ombrotrophic bogs. The similarity between biomarkers and palynology also indicates that the C23/C31n-alkane ratio may be a reliable chemotaxonomic indicator for Sphagnum during the early Paleogene. The d13C value of bacterial hopanes and mid-chain n-alkanes indicates that a rise in water table is not associated with a substantial increase in aerobic methanotrophy. The absence of very low d13C values within the top of the seam could reflect either less methanogenesis or less efficient methane oxidation under waterlogged sulphate-rich conditions.
    Keywords: Lower Saxony, Germany; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Schoningen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Varve measurements from Eocene Lake Messel (core Messel 2001) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lenz, Olaf K; Wilde, Volker; Riegel, Walter; Harms, Franz-Jürgen (2010): A 600 k.y. record of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO): Evidence for persisting teleconnections during the Middle Eocene greenhouse climate of Central Europe. Geology, 38(7), 627-630, https://doi.org/10.1130/G30889.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a globally important factor in today's climate dynamics. Annually laminated oil shales from the maar lake of Messel (Germany) provide high-resolution sedimentological and paleoenvironmental data of a time interval of ~600 k.y. during the Eocene greenhouse phase. Individual laminae consist of a light spring and summer algal layer (Tetraedron minimum layer) and a dark winter layer composed of terrigenous background sediment. Four sections were selected from the core of the Messel 2001 well in order to count varves and to measure total varve thickness and the thickess of light and dark laminae. Spectral analyses were done in order to detect possible cyclic fluctuations in varve thickness. Fluctuations are significant in the quasi-biennial (2.1-2.5 yr) and low-frequency band (2.8-3.5 yr, 4.9-5.6 yr), thus showing that algal growth as well as the background sedimentation were controlled by ENSO effects at least over a time interval of 600 k.y. This confirms the existence of a previously postulated robust Eocene ENSO. Significant peaks within a quasi-decadal (10-11 yr), interdecadal (17-26 yr), and multidecadal band (~52 yr, ~82 yr) show either the enduring influence of more or less cyclic instabilities or the influence of solar cycles.
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Messel_2001; Messel, Germany
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Sub-Milankovitch cyclicity in spore and pollen records from Eocene Lake Messel (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lenz, Olaf K; Wilde, Volker; Riegel, Walter (2017): ENSO- and solar-driven sub-Milankovitch cyclicity in the Palaeogene greenhouse world; high-resolution pollen records from Eocene Lake Messel, Germany. Journal of the Geological Society, 174(1), 110-128, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2016-046
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The annually laminated oil shale from the Eocene maar lake at Messel (Germany) provides unique palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatological information for the Palaeogene greenhouse phase. Two palynological analyses of 6.3 and 70?kyr long records with a temporal resolution of 70 and 700?years respectively confirm vegetation and climate variability in the sub-Milankovitch range. This variability clearly corresponds to cyclic climate fluctuations indicating the influence of solar activity and a millennial-scale variability of the El Niño?Southern Oscillation also seen during the Quaternary icehouse system. This provides strong evidence of cyclic fluctuations in the sub-Milankovitch frequency band that represent a pervasive and persistent system not only of the Quaternary icehouse, but also throughout the entire Neogene and the Palaeogene greenhouse. This is proof for the long-term stability of the driving forces of natural climate change on Earth. Fluctuations in the frequency of palynomorphs indicate cyclic short-term quantitative changes in the composition of the vegetation. These changes were related to precipitation and corresponding fluctuations of the lake level as well as to changes in pollen production, transport and deposition.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Varve measurements from Eocene Lake Messel (core Messel 2001, 3.87 - 3,94 m depth) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-07
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Messel_2001; Messel, Germany; Ratio; Varve number; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, green algal sub-layer; Varve thickness, terrigenous sub-layer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4130 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Varve measurements from Eocene Lake Messel (core Messel 2001, 89.83 - 89.86 m depth) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-07
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Messel_2001; Messel, Germany; Ratio; Varve number; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, green algal sub-layer; Varve thickness, terrigenous sub-layer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1806 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Varve measurements from Eocene Lake Messel (core Messel 2001, 29.01 - 29.06 m depth) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Messel_2001; Messel, Germany; Ratio; Varve number; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, green algal sub-layer; Varve thickness, terrigenous sub-layer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3017 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Varve measurements from Eocene Lake Messel (core Messel 2001, 57.42 - 57.46 m depth) (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Messel_2001; Messel, Germany; Ratio; Varve number; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, green algal sub-layer; Varve thickness, terrigenous sub-layer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2079 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    (Table 1) Maceral distribution of two organic-rich sections at DSDP Hole 81-555
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 81-555; Corpohuminite; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Fusinite; Glomar Challenger; Huminite; Humodetrinite; Leg81; Liptinite; North Atlantic/PLATEAU; Parameter; Point counting; Sample code/label; Sclerotinite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Maceral distribution, stratigraphic position and vitrinite reflectance at DSDP Hole 81-555
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lund, Jane; Riegel, Walter (1984): Petrography of degraded plant fragments from Paleocene-Eocene sediments of Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 81, Site 555, Rockall Plateau. In: Roberts, DG; Schnittker, D; et al. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 81, 623-629, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.81.118.1984
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Twenty-four sediment samples from late Paleocene to early Eocene were studied for maceral content, vitrinite reflectance, and spectral fluorescence in order to determine some parameters of the origin and diagenetic history of their organic fraction. The sediments had been obtained at Site 555 of DSDP Leg 81 in the northeastern North Atlantic. The bulk of the microscopically visible fraction is made up of humic materials; inertinites follow as a distant second; and liptinites are exceedingly rare. No unequivocal evidence of marine organic matter was found. Humic materials are highly decomposed, showing signs of aerobic (frequency of sclerotinites) as well as anaerobic (abundance of and intimate association with framboidal pyrite) microbial degradation. Vitrinite reflectance values vary between 0.26 and 0.35 Ro and show a slight increase with depth. These values, indicative of a low-rank lignite stage of coalification, contrast somewhat with the sporinite fluorescence spectra, which show the configuration typical for the peat stage. In either case, the evidence for such a low stage of coalification is surprising in view of the depth and age of the sediments.
    Keywords: 81-555; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg81; North Atlantic/PLATEAU
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
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