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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 2 (1968), S. 140-141 
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Polar regions are covered by extensive sea ice that is inhabited by a variety of plants and animals. The environments where the organisms live vary depending on the structure and age of the ice. Many terms have been used to describe the habitats and the organisms. We here characterize the habitats and communities and suggest some standard terms for them. We also suggest routine sampling methods and reporting units for measurements of biological and chemical variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The sea ice does not only determine the ecology of ice biota, but it also influences the pelagic systems under the ice cover and at ice edges. In this paper, new estimates of Arctic and Antarctic production of biogenic carbon are derived, and differences as well as similarities between the two oceans are examined. In ice-covered seas, high algal concentrations (blooms) occur in association with several types of conditions. Blooms often lead to high sedimentation of intact cells and faecal pellets. In addition to ice-related blooms, there is progressive accumulation of organic matter in Arctic multi-year ice, whose fate may potentially be similar to that of blooms. A fraction of the carbon fixed by microalgae that grow in sea ice or in relation to it is exported out of the production zone. This includes particulate material sinking out of the euphotic zone, and also material passed on to the food web. Pathways through which ice algal production does reach various components of the pelagic and benthic food webs, and through them such top predators as marine mammals and birds, are discussed. Concerning global climate change and biogeochemical fluxes of carbon, not all export pathways from the euphotic zone result in the sequestration of carbon for periods of hundreds of years or more. This is because various processes, that take place in both the ice and the water column, contribute to mineralize organic carbon into CO2 before it becomes sequestered. Processes that favour the production and accumulation of biogenic carbon as well as its export to deep waters and sequestration are discussed, together with those that influence mineralization in the upper ice-covered ocean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 16 (1992), S. 181-211 
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: methane oxidation ; methane budget ; boreal forest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Methane oxidation rates were measured in boreal forest soils using seven techniques that provide a range of information on soil CH4 oxidation. These include: (a) short-term static chamber experiments with a free-air (1.7 ppm CH4) headspace, (b) estimating CH4 oxidation rates from soil CH4 distributions and (c)222Rn-calibrated flux measurements, (d) day-long static chamber experiments with free-air and amended (+20 to 2000 PPM CH4) headspaces, (e) jar experiments on soil core sections using free-air and (f) amended (+500 ppm CH4) headspaces, and (g) jar experiments on core sections involving tracer additions of14CH4. Short-term unamended chamber measurements,222Rn-calibrated flux measurements, and soil CH4 distributions show independently that the soils are capable of oxidizing atmospheric CH4 at rates ranging to 〈 2 mg m−2 d−1. Jar experiments with free-air headspaces and soil CH4 profiles show that CH4 oxidation occurs to a soil depth of 60 cm and is maximum in the 10 to 20 cm zone. Jar experiments and chamber measurements with free-air headspaces show that CH4 oxidation occurs at low (〈 0.9 ppm) thresholds. The14CH4-amended jar experiments show the distribution of end products of CH4 oxidation; 60% is transformed to CO2 and the remainder is incorporated in biomass. Chamber and jar experiments under amended atmospheres show that these soils have a high capacity for CH4 oxidation and indicate potential CH4 oxidation rates as high as 867 mg m−2 d−1. Methane oxidation in moist soils modulates CH4 emission and can serve as a negative feedback on atmospheric CH4 increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pape, Thomas; Bahr, André; Rethemeyer, Janet; Kessler, John D; Sahling, Heiko; Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe; Klapp, Stephan A; Reeburgh, William S; Bohrmann, Gerhard (2010): Molecular and isotopic partitioning of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons during migration and gas hydrate precipitation in deposits of a high-flux seepage site. Chemical Geology, 269(3-4), 350-363, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.10.009
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: Detailed knowledge of the extent of post-genetic modifications affecting shallow submarine hydrocarbons fueled from the deep subsurface is fundamental for evaluating source and reservoir properties. We investigated gases from a submarine high-flux seepage site in the anoxic Eastern Black Sea in order to elucidate molecular and isotopic alterations of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons (LMWHC) associated with upward migration through the sediment and precipitation of shallow gas hydrates. For this, near-surface sediment pressure cores and free gas venting from the seafloor were collected using autoclave technology at the Batumi seep area at 845 m water depth within the gas hydrate stability zone. Vent gas, gas from pressure core degassing, and from hydrate dissociation were strongly dominated by methane (〉99.85 mol.% of Sum[C1-C4, CO2]). Molecular ratios of LMWHC (C1/[C2 + C3] 〉 1000) and stable isotopic compositions of methane (d13C = -53.5 per mill V-PDB; D/H around -175 per mill SMOW) indicated predominant microbial methane formation. C1/C2+ ratios and stable isotopic compositions of LMWHC distinguished three gas types prevailing in the seepage area. Vent gas discharged into bottom waters was depleted in methane by 〉0.03 mol.% (Sum[C1-C4, CO2]) relative to the other gas types and the virtual lack of 14C-CH4 indicated a negligible input of methane from degradation of fresh organic matter. Of all gas types analyzed, vent gas was least affected by molecular fractionation, thus, its origin from the deep subsurface rather than from decomposing hydrates in near-surface sediments is likely. As a result of the anaerobic oxidation of methane, LMWHC in pressure cores in top sediments included smaller methane fractions [0.03 mol.% Sum(C1-C4, CO2)] than gas released from pressure cores of more deeply buried sediments, where the fraction of methane was maximal due to its preferential incorporation in hydrate lattices. No indications for stable carbon isotopic fractionations of methane during hydrate crystallization from vent gas were found. Enrichments of 14C-CH4 (1.4 pMC) in short cores relative to lower abundances (max. 0.6 pMC) in gas from long cores and gas hydrates substantiates recent methanogenesis utilizing modern organic matter deposited in top sediments of this high-flux hydrocarbon seep area.
    Keywords: Batumi Seep; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DAPC; DAPC-1; DAPC-12; DAPC-14; DAPC-15; DAPC-16; DAPC-2; DAPC-3; DAPC-8; DAPC-9; Dynamic autoclave piston corer; Gas bubble sampler; GBS; GBS-3; GBS-4; GBS-5; GBS-8; GC; GC-13; GC-14; GC-18; GC-23; GC-4; GC-6; GC-8; GeoB11901; GeoB11903; GeoB11904-16; GeoB11906; GeoB11907-2; GeoB11907-5; GeoB11918; GeoB11919; GeoB11920; GeoB11921-1; GeoB11925; GeoB11927; GeoB11936; GeoB11937; GeoB11946; GeoB11949; GeoB11951; GeoB11956; GeoB11958; GeoB11963; GeoB11975; Gravity corer; M72/3a; M72/3b; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Remote operated vehicle; ROV; ROV-8
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: Batumi Seep; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DAPC; DAPC-1; DAPC-12; DAPC-14; DAPC-15; DAPC-16; DAPC-2; DAPC-3; DAPC-8; DAPC-9; Dynamic autoclave piston corer; Elevation of event; Event label; Gas bubble sampler; gas-tight pressure chamber; GBS; GBS-3; GBS-4; GBS-5; GBS-8; GC; GC-13; GC-14; GC-18; GC-23; GC-4; GC-6; GC-8; GeoB11901; GeoB11903; GeoB11904-16; GeoB11906; GeoB11907-2; GeoB11907-5; GeoB11918; GeoB11919; GeoB11920; GeoB11921-1; GeoB11925; GeoB11927; GeoB11936; GeoB11937; GeoB11946; GeoB11949; GeoB11951; GeoB11956; GeoB11958; GeoB11963; GeoB11975; Gravity corer; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M72/3a; M72/3b; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Pressure; Recovery; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; ROV-8
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 28 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: Batumi Seep; C1/C3 hydrocarbon ratio; C1 hydrocarbons; C2/C3 hydrocarbon ratio; C2 hydrocarbons; C3 hydrocarbons; Carbon dioxide; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DAPC; DAPC-1; DAPC-12; DAPC-14; DAPC-15; DAPC-16; DAPC-2; DAPC-3; DAPC-8; DAPC-9; Dynamic autoclave piston corer; Elevation of event; Event label; Gas bubble sampler; Gas dryness; Gas type; GBS; GBS-3; GBS-4; GBS-5; GBS-8; GC; GC-13; GC-14; GC-18; GC-23; GC-4; GC-6; GC-8; GeoB11901; GeoB11903; GeoB11904-16; GeoB11906; GeoB11907-2; GeoB11907-5; GeoB11918; GeoB11919; GeoB11920; GeoB11921-1; GeoB11925; GeoB11927; GeoB11936; GeoB11937; GeoB11946; GeoB11949; GeoB11951; GeoB11956; GeoB11958; GeoB11963; GeoB11975; Gravity corer; iso-C4/n-C4 alkane ratio; iso-C4 hydrocarbons; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M72/3a; M72/3b; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Methane/C2+ hydrocarbons ratio; n-Propane per total halocarbons; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; ROV-8; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 222 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: Batumi Seep; Calculated, see reference(s); Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DAPC; DAPC-1; DAPC-14; DAPC-3; DAPC-8; DAPC-9; Dynamic autoclave piston corer; Elevation of event; Event label; Fractionation factor; Gas bubble sampler; Gas type; GBS; GBS-3; GBS-4; GBS-5; GBS-8; GC; GC-13; GC-14; GC-18; GC-23; GC-4; GC-6; GC-8; GeoB11901; GeoB11904-16; GeoB11906; GeoB11907-2; GeoB11907-5; GeoB11918; GeoB11919; GeoB11920; GeoB11921-1; GeoB11925; GeoB11927; GeoB11936; GeoB11946; GeoB11949; GeoB11951; GeoB11956; GeoB11975; Gravity corer; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M72/3a; M72/3b; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Remote operated vehicle; ROV; ROV-8; Sample code/label; see reference(s); Δδ13C (C2-C1); Δδ13C (C3-C2); Δδ13C (CO2-C1); δ13C, carbon dioxide, aquatic; δ13C, ethane; δ13C, methane; δ13C, propane; δ13C, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 207 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2000-12-11
    Print ISSN: 0302-8933
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-072X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-0451
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-0529
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Taylor & Francis
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