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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Abscission layer formation in the sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) during fruit maturation occurred in the transition zone between the fruit and the pedicel. The abscission layer, consisting of 5–8 rows of cells, was first identified by its low affinity for haematoxylin. The walls of cells in the abscission layer contained less total polysaccharides than adjacent cells. The pectins were degraded and the cellulose was partially broken down resulting in cell separation. The Ca level in the abscission zone decreased and Ca and Mg were lost from the walls of cells in the layer during abscission. After the abscission layer formed, cells associated with the layer had a lower capacity to bind 45Ca than cells distal or proximal to the layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 81 (1968), S. 28-37 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The electron microprobe X-ray analyzer (microprobe) has been used to determine the mode of entry of aluminum (Al) and its distribution and localization in the corn plant. Microprobe analysis is a non-destructive method allowing for multiple element analysis in the same tissues, cells or cell organelles. Al was found to be precipitated on the surface of the epidermal cells of the root with no penetration into the cortex as long as the root surface remained intact. The root cap was freely permeable and contained the highest concentration of Al. The epidermal layer behind the root cap prevented movement into the cortex and conductive tissue. The penetration of a lateral root through the endodermis, cortex and epidermis provided a channel of entry for Al into the cortex and conducting tissues of both the lateral and main root. Essentially no Al was found in the transition zone and only small quantities were present in the above-ground plant parts. The localization of phosphorus was exactly the same as that of Al. This suggested that there was a precipitation of P by Al. A similar analysis for calcium and phosphorus on control plants did not reveal such a precipitation. The method of sample preparation was critical in retaining and localizing the elements in question and is discussed in that light.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 113 (1973), S. 207-214 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of CaCl2, (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid (Ethephon) and ethylene on leaf abscission of debladed and intact bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were studied. Ethephon (1000 μg/l) and ethylene (8 μl/l) induced abscission in debladed and intact plants in 24–72 h whereas IAA (10-5M), cycloheximide (10-5M) and CaCl2 (0.068M) delayed abscission in debladed plants. CaCl2 completely inhibited the abscission-enhancing effect of Ethephon in intact bean leaves. When CaCl2 and Ethephon were applied simultaneously to separate halves of the leaf blade, leaves with Ethephon applied closest to the pulvinus abscised rapidly; when CaCl2 was applied closest to the pulvinus, abscission was prevented. Calcium pre-treatment prior to ethylene (8 μl/l) treatment of debladed plants delayed abscission as compared to those treated with ethylene alone.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Blattabsorption erfolgt durch Eindringen in Kutikularschichten der Membran und durch Aufnahme durch die lebenden Zellen innerhalb des Blattes. Eine detaillierte Analyse der Nährstoffabsorption nach diesen beiden Systemen zeigte, daß die Ionen-Aufnahme über die Kutikularmembran durch Diffusion und daß die Koppelung des aktiven Transports mit dem Stoffwechsel im Zellbereich erfolgt. Harnstoff dringt durch die Kutikularmembran ein und wird viel schneller als Nährstoff-Ionen durch die Blattzellen absorbiert. Weiterhin erleichtert Harnstoff das Eindringen und die Absorption anderer, gleichzeitig applizierter Substanzen. Die Fixierung der Eindringungsstelle von Nährstoff-Ionen in Kutikularmembrane wurde durch Mikroautoradiographie ermittelt. Das Eindringen erfolgt um die Stomata-Öffnungen und entlang der periklinalen Zellwände. Metallgelate von Eisen, Mangan und Zink mindern die Zellabsorption, vermehren aber die Translokation der absorbierten Nährstoffe. Im Bereich der Zellen werden Nährstoff-Ionen absorbiert, aber Verbindungen ausgeschlossen.
    Abstract: Résumé L'absorption foliaire consiste en une pénétration à travers la membrane cuticulaire, et l'assimilation par les cellules vivantes à l'intérieur de la feuille. Une analyse détaillée de l'absorption des éléments nutritifs par ces deux systèmes a révélé que la pénétration des ions à travers la membrane cuticulaire se fait par diffusion, et que le couplage entre le transport actif et le métabolisme se fait au niveau cellulaire. L'urée pénètre à travers la membrane cuticulaire et est absorbée par les cellules de la feuille beaucoup plus rapidement que ne le sont les ions nutritifs. D'autre part l'urée facilite la pénétration et l'absorption d'autres substances appliquées simultanément. La pénétration des ions nutritifs à travers la membrane cuticulaire a été localisée par microautoradiographie comme se faisant autour des pores stomatiques, et le long des parois des cellules périclinales. La chélation de métaux tels que fer, manganèse, zinc, réduit la vitesse d'absorption foliaire mais augmente la vitesse de transport de l'ion nutritif absorbé. Au niveau de la cellule, l'ion nutritif est absorbé, et le complexant est exclu.
    Notes: Summary Foliar absorption consists of penetration of a cuticular membrane and uptake by living cells within the leaf. A detailed analysis of nutrient absorption by these two systems has revealed that ionic penetration of the cuticular membrane is by diffusion, and that the coupling between active transport and metabolism is at the cellular level. Urea penetrates the cuticular membrane and is absorbed by leaf cells much more rapidly than are nutrient ions. Furthermore, urea facilitates penetration and absorption of other materials simultaneously applied. Penetration of nutrient ions through cuticular membranes has been localized by microautoradiography as occurring around stomatal pores and along periclinal cell walls. Chelation of metals such as iron, manganese and zinc reduces the rate of foliar absorption, but increases the translocation of the absorbed nutrient. At the cellular level the nutrient ion is absorbed and the ligand is excluded.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1973-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1969-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1968-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A tin oxide coating is formed on a plate of glass and the coating is then etched away from the glass in thin lines to form separate electrical conductors which extend to one end of the plate and connect to either a vertical (column) or horizontal (row) position sensing SCR circuit. A thin transparent insulating coating is formed over the oxide layer except at selected touch points which are positioned in a matrix pattern of vertical columns and horizontal rows. Touching one of these points with a finger bridges the thin line between adjacent conductors to activate trigger circuits in the particular row and column sensing circuits associated with the point touched. The row and column sensing circuits are similar and are powered with a low frequency, ac voltage source. The source for the row circuits is 180 out of phase with the source for the column circuits so that one circuit acts as ground for the other during half of the supply voltage cycle. The signals from the sensing circuits are input to a logic circuit which determines the presence of a valid touch, stores a binary matrix number associated with the touched point, signals a computer of the presence of a stored number and prevents storage of a new number before receiving an enable signal from the computer.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1966-04-08
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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