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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermogenic Effects of TRH and Its Analogues in the Rat (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 553 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb54546.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of Energy Balance (1981)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 1 (1981), S. 235-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nu.01.070181.001315
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brown adipose tissue and diet-induced thermogenesis (reply) (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 289 (1981), S. 699-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ROTHWELL AND STOCK REPLY-We shall deal with points (1), (2) and (3) above together. Estimation of energy expenditure by the carcass balance method (that is, intake minus storage) is an accepted and reliable technique that has been in routine use in our laboratory for 15 years. We have introduced ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/289699b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rothwell and Stock's paradox and multiple controls of feeding (reply) (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 280 (1979), S. 172-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ROTHWELL AND STOCK REPLY- Mrosovsky suggests further analyses of the data to see if intake and utilisation are independent of the changes in body weight occurring during the experiment. A comparison of the energy intake of tube-fed rats during the first 5 days of each experiment with the intake ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/280172c0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermogenic effects of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone and its analogues in the rat (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 40-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: TRH ; TRH analogues ; thermogenesis ; brown adipose tissue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acute or chronic injection of RX 77368 (a TRH analogue; 1 mg/kg s.c.) stimulated oxygen consumption (VO2) and brown adipose tissue activity in the rat, and decreased weight gain Other TRH analogues (CG 3509, RGH 2202) and TRH itself also stimulated VO2. These thermogenic actions are probably mediated centrally by stimulation of sympathetic outflow to brown fat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01960238
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic effects of β2 agonists on body composition and protein synthesis in the rat (1984)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 4 (1984), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chronic treatment of rats with the β2-adrenergic agonists clenbuterol and fenoterol over 16–19 d raised energy intake, expenditure, and body weight gain but did not affect fat or energy deposition, and body protein gain was increased by 50 and 18%, respectively. Both drugs increased the protein content and mitochondrial GDP-binding capacity of brown adipose tissue. Clenbuterol did not affect plasma insulin, growth hormone, or triiodothyronine levels, although insulin levels were reduced by fenoterol. Both drugs caused hypertrophy of skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius), and muscle protein synthesis in vivo (fractional rate) was elevated by 34 and 26% in clenbuterol and fenoteroltreated rats, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01120827
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in thermogenesis and brown fat activity in response to tumour necrosis factor in the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 7 (1987), S. 791-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: tumour necrosing factor ; brown fat ; thermogenesis ; GDP-binding ; food intake ; body weight ; rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A single intravenous injection of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor (TNF) resulted in significant, but transient (24–48 hr) reductions in food intake and body weight, and increases in rectal temperature, resting oxygen consumption (VO2) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity (mitochondrial GDP-binding). The increased VO2 was inhibited by β-adrenergic blockade (propranolol), and activation of BAT was prevented by denervation of the tissue. In adult (4-month old) animals, TNF induced greater reductions in food intake and body weight, caused general malaise and some fatalities, but did not significantly alter VO2 or BAT activity. However, the reduction in VO2 following β-adrenergic blockade was greater in TNF-treated rats and BAT activity was enhanced when compared to pair-fed controls. Injection of adult rats with gamma-interferon induced small changes in body weight and temperature which were slightly potentiated when injected with a low dose of TNF. The results indicate that TNF stimulates sympathetic outflow to BAT. This effect may be partly responsible for the increases in body temperature and metabolic rate associated with TNF treatment and with cancer cachexia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01116752
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sympathetic activation of brown-adipose-tissue thermogenesis in cachexia (1981)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 1 (1981), S. 509-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Tumour-bearing mice spontaneously lose weight 8–9 weeks after implantation of a human hypernephroma, in spite of a normal food intake. Resting oxygen consumption was up to 40% higher in these animals than in sham-operated controls, but was significantly reduced by 8-adrenergic blockade with propranolol in the former group. The injection of noradrenaline caused a marked stimulation of the metabolic rate in all the animals, but the greatest response was seen in the cachectic mice. The brown-adipose-tissue mass was similar for both groups, but guanosine diphosphate binding to brownadipose-tissue mitochondria (an index of thermogenic capacity) was significantly increased in turnout-bearing mice, and the injection of noradrenaline 1 h prior to sacrifice caused the greatest stimulation of binding in the cachectic group. These data suggest that the rapid weight loss of tumour-bearing animals may be due to a high metabolic rate which results from sympathetic stimulation of brown-adipose-tissue metabolism. The relevance of these results to cancer-induced cachexia in man is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01121584
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of two mitochondrial GDP-binding sites in rat brown adipose tissue (1983)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 3 (1983), S. 589-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Scatchard analysis of specific guanosine-diphosphate-([3H]GDP-) binding to rat brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria revealed two distinct binding sites with apparent dissociation constants (Kd) of approximately 0.05 and 2.0 μM. Binding to both sites was insensitive to atractyloside. Reducing the pH of the binding medium from 7.1 to 6.6 caused marked reductions in the Kd of both sites, but at pH 7.6, the dissociation constants were increased about 3-fold. Acute treatment of rats with noradrenaline, 1 h before sacrifice, increased the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax, pmol/rng mitochondrial protein) of both sites and also increased the dissociation constants. The Bmax of the lower-affinity site was elevated in rats exposed to 5°C or fed a palatable cafeteria diet for 10 d, compared to control animals, with the greater changes occurring in the cold-adapted group. The high-affinity site was unaltered by cold adaptation or cafeteria feeding. These results indicate the presence of two distinct nucleotide-binding sites in brown-fat mitochondria, both of which may be involved in thermogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01172869
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein synthesis in liver, skeletal muscle, and brown adipose tissue of rats fed a protein-deficient diet (1983)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 3 (1983), S. 569-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Feeding protein-deficient diets to rats is known to stimulate diet-induced thermogenesis and activate brown adipose tissue (BAT). The fact that BAT protein content, unlike that of other tissues, is unnaffected by protein deficiency prompted us to measure tissue protein synthesis in vivo in animals maintained on normal- (18.8%) and low- (7.6%) protein (LP) diets. Protein synthesis was depressed in the liver of the LP rats due to a fall in RNA activity, with no change in RNA content, and synthesis was also reduced in skeletal muscle from the LP group, but this was due to decreased RNA c o n t e n t with no change in RNA activity. Conversely, protein synthesis, RNA, DNA, and protein content of interscapular BAT were all unaltered in protein-restricted animals. These data indicate that, unlike liver, skeletal muscle, and whole carcass, BAT protein synthesis is not reduced in protein-restricted rats, and this may be related to activation of thermo-genesis in the tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01120702
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