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Organic matter composition in coastal sediments at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea) during summer 1995 (2000)

Pusceddu, Antonio ; Dell'Anno, Antonio ; Fabiano, Mauro

Springer

Polar biology 23 (2000), S. 288-293

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ISSN: 1432-2056

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract We illustrate the spatial and vertical distribution of sediment phytopigments and organic matter biochemical composition at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea) during summer 1995. Coastal sediments displayed high phytopigments concentrations associated with huge amounts of labile organic matter largely dominated by proteins. This result was opposite to previous observations in the same area. Such comparison suggested that whilst organic matter quantity in the sediments depended upon the vertical input from the water column, temporal changes in its biochemical composition were related to benthic processes. As considerably high concentrations of biopolymeric organic carbon were found even at 6-cm depth and according to the “loss type” functioning of the coastal waters of the Ross Sea, we stress the summer time occurrence in coastal sediments of an important organic matter burial.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050446

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Total and hydrolizable particulate organic matter (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids) at a coastal station in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) (1998)

Fabiano, Mauro ; Pusceddu, Antonio

Springer

Polar biology 19 (1998), S. 125-132

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ISSN: 1432-2056

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract We analysed quantity and quality of particulate organic matter during the austral summer 1994/1995 at a coastal station in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Our main aims were to investigate the origin and biochemical composition of particulate organic matter (POM), to measure its availability for consumers through the study of its digestible fraction (measured by using different enzymes separately) and to highlight the role of hydrolizable compounds in the organic matter diagenesis in the coastal waters at Terra Nova Bay. Temporal and spatial patterns of chlorophyll-a concentrations were reflected by the particulate organic carbon, nitrogen and total biopolymeric carbon concentrations, suggesting that most POM originated directly from phytoplankton. The most evident feature of POM in the coastal waters at Terra Nova Bay was the dominance of proteins (on average 57% of total biopolymeric particulate carbon), followed by carbohydrates (25%) and lipids (18%). We found that about 30% of the refractory particulate organic carbon (assumed to be present only after the complete exploitation of particulate organic nitrogen) did not originate from biopolymeric carbon (as sum of carbohydrate, protein and lipid carbon). This allows us to suggest the use of the digestible fraction of particulate biopolymeric carbon as a more accurate measure of the food availability of POM for consumers. In Terra Nova Bay coastal waters, most of the particulate protein pool was associated with large phytoplankton cells or phytodetritus. As a result, the protein pool appeared less available (i.e. less digestible) than the one present in oligotrophic waters where, conversely, most particulate organic nitrogen is sequestered into bacteria. The relative low availability of the protein pool, together with the rapid sinking of POM and the low remineralization rates of benthic heterotrophic microbes, are suggested as possible factors in determining the “inefficiency” in organic matter recycling of coastal waters at Terra Nova Bay, which behaves as a “loss type” system.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050223

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3

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Origin, biochemical composition and vertical flux of particulate organic matter under the pack ice in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) during late summer 1995 (1999)

Pusceddu, Antonio ; Cattaneo-Vietti, Riccardo ; Albertelli, Giancarlo ; [et al.]

Springer

Polar biology 22 (1999), S. 124-132

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ISSN: 1432-2056

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Water samples and particulate materials settling under the pack ice were collected in an ice-covered area near the Terra Nova Bay Italian Station during late summer 1995, in order to study short-term changes in the biochemical composition of particulate organic matter. At the end of the study period the phytoplankton biomass increase (up to 〉3.0 μg chlorophyll-a l−1) was probably related to the intrusion under the pack ice of chlorophylls-enriched surface waters coming from the near ice-free area. Such increase was associated also with a notable increase in particulate organic matter concentrations, as well as in particulate organic matter vertical fluxes (up to 〉100 mg C m−2 day−1). Proteins were the most abundant biochemical class of particulate organic matter (on average about 49%), followed by lipids (29%) and carbohydrates (22%). By contrast, organic matter collected in the sediment trap was characterized by the dominance of lipids (about 55% of the total biopolymeric carbon flux) over carbohydrates (28%) and proteins (17%). The hydrolizable particulate biopolymeric carbon accounted for about 23% of total biopolymeric carbon. This value was about one-half of that found in ice-free waters, suggesting that the suspended particulate organic material under the pack ice was less digestible than in ice-free waters or was already partially digested. Despite this, and the decay of labile organic compounds in the sediment trap during the deployment, material settling towards the sea bottom under the pack ice in Terra Nova Bay, owing to its high lipid content, might represent an important high-quality food source for benthic consumers. Finally, assuming as possible the intrusion under sea ice of primary organic matter-enriched waters, we hypothesize the occurrence of a “fertilization” effect deriving from ice-melting areas towards under-ice waters, supplying the latter with an additional rate of primary organic matter.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050399

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Meiofaunal abundance, biomass, taxon richness and indices of nematode diversity of samples from the Santa Maria di Leuca Bank (southern Adriatic margin) (2011)

Bongiorni, L ; Mea, Marianna ; Gambi, Christina ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven | Supplement to: Bongiorni, L; Mea, Marianna; Gambi, Christina; Pusceddu, Antonio; Taviani, Marco; Danovaro, Roberto (2010): Deep-water scleractinian corals promote higher biodiversity in deep-sea meiofaunal assemblages along continental margins. Biological Conservation, 143(7), 1687-1700, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.04.009

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Publication Date: 2023-03-16

Description: Deep-water coral ecosystems are hot spots of biodiversity and provide habitats and refuges for several deep-sea species. However, their role in shaping the biodiversity of the surrounding open slopes is still poorly known. We investigated how meiofaunal biodiversity varies with and is related to the occurrence of deep-water living scleractinian corals and coral rubble in two deep-sea areas (the Rockall Bank, northeastern Atlantic) and the Santa Maria di Leuca (central Mediterranean). In both areas, replicated sampling on alive and dead coral areas and from the adjacent slope sediments without corals (at the same and increasing depths) allowed us to demonstrate that sediments surrounding the living corals and coral rubble were characterised by higher meiofaunal biodiversity (as number of higher taxa, and nematode species richness) than the slope sediments. Despite the soft sediments surrounding the living coral having a higher nutritional value than those not associated with corals, with the opposite seen for coral rubble, the presence of both alive and dead corals had a significant effect on nematode assemblages. Our data suggest that, due particularly to the effects on habitat heterogeneity/complexity, both living coral and coral rubble promoted higher biodiversity levels than in surrounding slope sediments. We conclude that the protection of deep-water corals can be crucial to preserve the biodiversity of surrounding open slopes, and that the protection of dead corals, a so-far almost neglected habitat in terms of biological conservation, can further contribute to the maintenance of a high deep-sea biodiversity along continental margins.

Keywords: BC; Box corer; Copepoda, standard deviation; Copepoda indeterminata; CORS_CR19; CORS_CR33; CORS_CR77; CORSARO; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Event label; Fano-Corfù; Grab; GRAB; HERMIONE; Hotspot Ecosystem Research and Mans Impact On European Seas; Meiofauna, abundance; Meiofauna, abundance, standard deviation; Meiofauna, biomass as carbon; Meiofauna, biomass as carbon, standard deviation; Nematoda; Nematoda, standard deviation; Nematoda, trophic diversity; off Gallipoli; Species richness; Taxa analyzed; Urania

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 33 data points

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Mean redox potential values in surface sediments along the transect D in the Cretan Sea (Table 1)

Tselepides, Anastasios ; Polychronaki, Thalia ; Marrale, Daniela ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Tselepides, Anastasios; Polychronaki, Thalia; Marrale, Daniela; Akoumianaki, I; Dell'Anno, Antonio; Pusceddu, Antonio; Danovaro, Roberto (2000): Organic matter composition of the continental shelf and bathyal sediments of the Cretan Sea (NE Mediterranean). Progress in Oceanography, 46/2-4, 311-344, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(00)00024-0

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Publication Date: 2023-05-12

Description: The seasonal, spatial and bathymetric changes in the distribution of chloroplastic pigments (Chl a, phaeopigments and CPE), TOC, TON, ATP, bottom water nutrient content and the main biochemical classes of organic compounds (lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) were recorded from May 1994 to September 1995 over the continental margin of northern Crete. The concentration of chloroplastic pigment equivalents (CPE) was always low, dropping dramatically along the shelf-slope gradient. Microbial activity (ATP) also dropped sharply beyond the continental shelf following a distribution pattern similar to TOC and TON. Lipid, protein and carbohydrate concentrations, as well as biopolymeric carbon were comparable to those reported for other more productive areas, however, the quality of the organic matter itself was rather poor. Thus, carbohydrates, the dominant biochemical class, were characterised by being highly (80–99%) refractory, as soluble carbohydrates represented (on annual average) only 6% of the total carbohydrate pool. Protein and lipid concentrations strongly decreased with depth, indicating depletion of trophic resources in the bathyal zone. Proteins appeared to be the more degradable compounds and indeed the protein to carbohydrate ratios were found to decrease strongly in the deeper stations. Organic matter content and quality decreased both with increasing distance from the coast and within the sediment. All sedimentary organic compounds were found to vary between sampling periods, with the changes being more pronounced over the continental shelf. The different temporal patterns of the various components suggest a different composition and/or origin of the OM inputs during the different sampling periods. The amount of material reaching the sediments below 540 m is extremely low, suggesting that most of the organic material is decomposed and/or utilised before reaching the sea floor. In conclusion, the continental shelf and bathyal sediments of the Cretan Sea can be considered, from a trophic point of view, as two different subsystems.

Keywords: Cretan Sea; D1-D7; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, sediment/rock; HERMES; Hotspot Ecosystem Research on the Margins of European Seas; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Oxidation reduction (RedOx) potential; Sample code/label; Standard deviation

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 219 data points

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Particulate organic matter uptake rates of two benthic filter-feeders (Sabella spallanzanii and Branchiomma luctuosum) candidates for the clarification of aquaculture wastewaters (2007)

Cavallo, Doris ; Pusceddu, Antonio ; Danovaro, Roberto ; [et al.]

Elsevier

In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2007; 54(5): 622-625. Published 2007 May 01. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.11.024.

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Publication Date: 2007-05-01

Print ISSN: 0025-326X

Electronic ISSN: 1879-3363

Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Published by Elsevier

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Biochemical composition of pico-, nano- and micro-particulate organic matter and bacterioplankton biomass in the oligotrophic Cretan Sea (NE Mediterranean) (2000)

Danovaro, Roberto ; Dell'Anno, Antonio ; Pusceddu, Antonio ; [et al.]

Elsevier

In: Progress in Oceanography. 2000; 46(2-4): 279-310. Published 2000 Aug 01. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6611(00)00023-9.

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Publication Date: 2000-08-01

Print ISSN: 0079-6611

Electronic ISSN: 1873-4472

Topics: Geosciences , Physics

Published by Elsevier

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LIVE BENTHIC FORAMINIFERAL FAUNAS ALONG A BATHYMETRICAL TRANSECT (282–4987 M) ON THE PORTUGUESE MARGIN (NE ATLANTIC) (2012)

Phipps, Mark ; Jorissen, Frans ; Pusceddu, Antonio ; Bianchelli, Silvia ; De Stigter, Henko

Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research

In: Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42: 66-81.

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Publication Date: 2012-01-01

Description: Live benthic foraminifera were studied in eight cores collected along a depth transect ranging 282–4987 m on the Portuguese margin. Total standing stocks (TSS) and species assemblages from both 63–150- and 〉150-µm fractions are compared between stations along the transect and with previous live foraminiferal studies from the Bay of Biscay and western Iberian margin. Based on the sedimentary organic matter contents and ecological traits of the retrieved foraminifera, three groups of stations are distinguished: (1) eutrophic upper-slope stations (282–1002 m) with faunas dominated by Uvigerina mediterranea, U. elongatastriata, Melonis barleeanus, Bigenerina nodosaria, Trifarina bradyi, Epistominella vitrea, Cribrostomoides bradyi, and Bolivina robusta, (2) mesotrophic middle- to lower-slope stations (1374–2475 m) with faunas dominated by Uvigerina peregrina, Globobulimina affinis, and Repmanina charoides, and (3) oligotrophic lower-slope and abyssal-plain stations (2908–4987 m) with faunas in the larger size fraction dominated by Cibicides kullenbergi and agglutinated species such as Reophax fusiformis and Recurvoides sp. 1. The smaller size fraction is dominated by opportunistic calcareous species such as Bulimina translucens, Epistominella exigua, and Nuttallides pusillus, along with Reophax fusiformis, but most of these species are diminished at 4987 m, where Reophax fusiformis, Pullenia salisburyi, and various monothalamous agglutinates are dominant. This succession of assemblages probably reflects the increasing scarcity of trophic resources with water depth. This hypothesis is corroborated by 1) the clear decrease of TSS with increasing water depth, and 2) the decreasing sediment phytopigment concentrations towards deeper sites. Moreover, the decreasing percentage of perforate calcareous foraminifera, and increasing percentage of agglutinated foraminifera with water depth, suggests that, in general, perforate calcareous species have higher trophic requirements than agglutinated ones.

Print ISSN: 0096-1191

Topics: Geosciences

Published by Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research

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