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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tandem mass spectrometry of higher molecular weight compounds (1983)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 105 (1983), S. 1654-1655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00344a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative reagent ions for plasma chromatography (1984)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 56 (1984), S. 1794-1797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00275a010
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge stripping of hydrocarbon positive ions (1983)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 87 (1983), S. 3305-3310 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100240a026
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thousand year speleothem proxy record of North Atlantic climate from Scotland (2000)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 16 (2000), S. 815-820 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  Luminescent organic matter in stalagmites may form annual bands, allowing growth rate to be precisely determined. Stalagmite growth rate is controlled by precipitation, so annual bands can be used to derive long precipitation records. A continuously banded stalagmite from a cave in NW Scotland was used to provide a 1100 year high-resolution record of precipitation. The location of the cave means that precipitation is closely linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation, for which a record is also derived. This suggests that changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation state was an important control on European climate over the past millennium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820000077
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dependence of collision induced fragmentation pattern on the internal energy of the precursor ion (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1981), S. 62-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Method is presented whereby product organic ions formed as the result of fragmentation of metastable ions can be selected on the basis of their internal energies. The method requires requires angular collimation of the beam of reactant ions issuing from the ion source and that the fragmentation of the metastable ions is studied in the first field free region of a reversed geometry double focusing mass spectrometer. The product ions that make up the metastable peak are allowed to fall on the intermediate resolving slit and, by adjusting the magnet current over a small range, ions contained in different regions of the peak can be allowed into the second field free region. It is shown that the position of an ion within the metastable peak correlates with its internal energy, ions near the edges of the peak being the least excited. The ions entering the second field free region can be investigated by collisional activation. This has been done for molecular ions of p-chlorophenol, methylbenzoate, benzaldehyde, m-chlorotoluene and n-butane. The in which the collision induced fragmentation pattern varies with internal energy of the ions is illustrated.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210160203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of consecutive reactions of quinones in a reversed geometry mass spectrometer (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1981), S. 312-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Consecutive reactions involving the ejection of molecules of carbon monoxide from quinone systems have been studied. Using a reversed geometry double focusing mass spectrometer, the individual steps of a consecutive reaction may be separated into different field free regions. The structure of ions formed in the ion source may be compared with those formed from the fragmentation of metastable ions in a field free region by studying differences in the pattern of translational energies released when they break. In the case of anthraquinone it is found that two structures exist for the [M—CO]+· ion. Critical energy measurements strengthen this argument. Furthermore, 18O labelling has been used to distinguish between the loss of carbon monoxide from different positions on the molecular ion of 1-hydroxyanthraquinone.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210160710
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consecutive reactions arising from the molecular ions of 14α-equilenin and 14β-isoequilenin (1982)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 17 (1982), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that two configurational steroidal isomers, 14α-equilenin and 14β-isoequilenin, may be easily distinguished by the unimolecular mass analysed ion kinetic energy spectra of their corresponding molecular ions. Furthermore, many of the peaks in these spectra are found to be due to consecutive reactions, whereby product ions of an initial reaction are themselves reactive and can undergo further fragmentation. In each of these cases, the individual steps of the reaction sequence have been separated in the different field free regions of a reversed geometry, double focusing mass spectrometer. Isotopic labelling with 18O in the 17-position has also helped to clarify reaction sequences.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210170306
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge stripping reactions of ions formed from methane, ammonia, water and hydrogen sulphide by protonation and by electron impact (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1981), S. 454-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The minimum energy, Qmin, necessary to convert an ion m1+ to a doubly charged ion m12+ is obtained for 19 different ions from methane, ammonia, water and hydrogen sulphide by charge stripping using nitrogen collision gas. The ions studied include the [MH]+ ions formed by chemical ionization in a high pressure source. Stable m12+ ions could not be formed in the case of [NH4]+, [NH]+·, [H2O]+· and [OH]+. Even in these cases the value of Qmin could be estimated by studying the fragments formed from the unstable m2+ ions. In several cases, the energy required to form m12+ ions is less than the literature value for the ionization energy of m1+. This is discussed in terms of the possibility of the presence of excited states of m1+ in the present experiments.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210161008
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the editor (1980)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 15 (1980), S. 326-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210150611
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of consecutive reactions of organic ions in a reversed geometry mass spectrometer (1980)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 15 (1980), S. 619-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Over thirty consecutive reactions of a type m1+ → m2+ → m3+ have been studied in a variety of organic compounds using a reversed geometry mass spectrometer. Two field free regions allow the separation of the two steps that make up the consecutive reaction sequence. Translational energy release measurements are used in the comparison of m2+ ions formed as a result of a high energy process in the ion source with m2+ ions formed as a product of a metastable decomposition. In some cases the structures of such ions have been found to be different. Examples have also been found where consecutive fragmentations of metastable ions do not occur although, when higher energy ions within the source are studied, the two-step reaction does take place. Furthermore, it has been found that a control over ion internal energy may be achieved by selecting portions of a peak due to the fragmentation of a metastable ion. Unimolecular reactions may then be used to study the reactivity of such ‘energy-selected’ ions; collision induced reactions can be used to study the structure of both the reactive and unreactive energy selected ions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210151206
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