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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 28 (1969), S. 746-747 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 111 (1984), S. 113-116 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 196 (1992), S. 563-568 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 95 (1983), S. 200-204 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 100 (1983), S. 329-333 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 8526-8536 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a thermokinetic model together with new experimental results for the scattering of large argon clusters off a graphite surface. Both angular and time-of-flight distributions are shown for a large range of surface temperatures, incidence angles, and incident cluster sizes. A quantitative comparison between the proposed thermokinetic model and our measurements allows one to interpret most of the experimental results as due to thermal evaporation of very small fragments from their parent clusters gliding along the surface. The coefficient of tangential velocity conservation cF and the local temperature Tlocal of the evaporating fragments have been determined quantitatively. Although the investigated parameters were varied over a large range, Tlocal remains essentially constant around (140 ± 20) K. The coefficient cF turns out to be approximately (0.80 ± 0.05) independent of surface temperature and incident cluster size for all incidence angles larger than 40°. It increases, however, rapidly to 1.4 when the incidence angle is reduced to 20° suggesting a substantial transfer from normal to tangential kinetic energy. For high enough surface temperatures, incident cluster sizes, and incident angles, both experimental time-of-flight (TOF) and angular distributions show the appearance of a grazing exit angle component attributed to large cluster fragments leaving the surface before total evaporation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 2579-2587 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present experimental results on the collision of large binary noble gas clusters with a hot graphite surface at an incident velocity of 430 ms−1. The mixed ArnXm clusters (X=Kr, Xe) with average sizes n+m between 1000 and 13 000 are obtained from pure argon clusters by the pickup technique. The surface scattering dynamics belongs to the thermal evaporation regime and large surviving binary fragments are detected at grazing angles. As expected from simple binding energy considerations, in all cases the surviving clusters are richer in the dopant species X. This enrichment has been measured as a function of incidence angle, incident cluster size, and dopant molar fraction x. For the lowest values of x (about 0.7%), the measured enrichment is the same for Kr and Xe, and decreases slowly with increasing size and incidence angle. On the other hand, when x is raised up to 15%, this enrichment decreases substantially for Xe, and much less for Kr. This unexpected behavior clearly shows that collision induced evaporation cannot be viewed as a mere distillation of an homogeneous binary mixture. The possible role of the incoming cluster structure is discussed in connection with the preparation of the binary clusters by pickup. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 7828-7836 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Collisions between large neutral argon clusters and a pyrolytic graphite surface have been investigated at normal incidence by measuring angular distributions of density and angularly resolved time-of-flight distributions of scattered species (essentially monomers). These data have been taken for two surface temperatures (440 and 660 K) with cluster sizes N ranging from 400 to 8200 atoms per cluster, and at an incoming cluster energy of 72 meV/atom. A higher incident kinetic energy (115 meV/atom) has been investigated also for N=900 atoms per cluster. The experimental results have been analyzed by considering two components. First, an "ejection'' contribution, dominant at large scattering angles, has been assigned to the evaporation of monomers from cluster material having acquired a flow velocity parallel to the surface. The average value of this flow velocity increases sharply with the incident cluster velocity in the investigated range. Second, a thermal contribution, dominant close to the surface normal, has been assigned to the trapping-desorption of monomers on the graphite surface for the smallest values of N, and to direct evaporation from the cluster when N increases. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 161-173 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We present a complete apparatus for molecule-surface interaction studies. Three UHV chambers are connected together allowing preparation, characterization, transfer, and experimental investigations with well-defined surface samples under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions. A chopped, supersonic molecular beam with well-controlled profile enters the main UHV chamber where it is scattered by the sample under study. Detection systems have been designed to measure angular and time-of-flight distributions and rotational populations of beam particles scattered off the surface sample giving access to the energy exchange between the internal degrees of freedom of the scattered molecules and the surface. The characteristics of our apparatus are reported and experimental tests for nitrogen and argon molecular beams scattered off a graphite surface are shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1132-1136 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the study of Si(100) oxidation by oxygen clusters with an average size of 2000 molecules at substrate temperatures ranging from 850 to 1100 °C. It has been found that at T〈1000 °C two areas corresponding to passive and active oxidation of silicon coexist within the same impact spot on the surface. In the central part of the impact spot, no surface etching occurs due to the formation of a protective oxide layer. In the area surrounding the central part, a circular groove with a steep inner and slightly sloping outer walls is formed as a result of surface etching via the reaction 2Si+O2→2SiO(gas). The reactive sticking coefficient of oxygen obtained from the etch rate in active oxidation area is significantly higher than that for oxidation by molecular oxygen. The coexistence of the two areas is attributed to a quasi-Gaussian flux density distribution in the beam cross section. The observed abrupt drop of the etch rate at the inner wall of the groove marks the transition from active to passive oxidation. Silicon oxidation by an oxygen cluster beam shows specific features that have not been observed in previous works with molecular oxygen. The critical flux density corresponding to the transition does not, for instance show an Arrhenius behavior. Besides, this study shows the crucial role of the beam spatial parameters when supersonic sources are used to study surface reactions. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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