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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STELLER SEA LION STATUS AND TREND IN SOUTHEAST ALASKA: 1979–1997 (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 15 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) numbers in the United States declined by about 75% over the past 20+ yr. They are classified, under the U. S. Endangered Species Act, as “threatened” in the eastern portion of their range and as “endangered” in the western portion. We analyzed trends in numbers of pup and non-pup Steller sea lions counted in Southeast Alaska between 1979 and 1997. Sea lion numbers, based on counts of pups on rookeries, increased by an average of 5.9% per year between 1979 and 1997. However, numbers of pups increased at a much slower rate (+ 1.7% per year) between 1989 and 1997. For counts of non-pup Steller sea lions we used models that controlled for the effects of date, time, and tide at the time of the survey to analyze trends. This technique reduced bias and increased precision of the resulting trend estimates. Numbers of sea lions were stable (+0.5%) between 1989 and 1996, based on counts of non-pups. We estimated the Southeast Alaska breeding population of Steller sea lions at about 19,000 animals of all ages in 1997, a level that is probably near the highest in recorded history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00813.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Global Distribution Constraints on GRB Models (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 759 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17580.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STELLER SEA LION BODY CONDITION INDICES (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 16 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We evaluated various measurements of mass, morphology, and blubber thickness as indices of fatness for Steller sea lions by correlation with the percentage of total body mass comprised by the sculp (%SCULP). We concluded LMD-index was the best index evaluated because it had a relatively high r2 (0.58), had a linear relationship with %SCULP, and the intercept term was not different from O. We suggest the development of a LMD-index for otariids would likely reduce the unexplained variation in the index. We developed a multiple regression model (r2= 0.745, P 〈 0.001) for predicting %SCULP with LMD-index and functions of sex, age, and season as predictor variables. Steller sea lions 〈 5 yr of age had higher %SCULP values than those ≥ 5 yr. %SCULP declined with age for sea lions 〈 5 yr. Both younger and older males were fatter during the winter/spring period than during summer/ fall. Females of both age classes had similar %SCULP values throughout the year. Steller sea lions are relatively lean pinnipeds; estimates of blubber and total body lipids ranged from 5% to 17% of total body mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00934.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rarity of soft γ-ray repeaters deduced from reactivation of SGR1806 – 20 (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 368 (1994), S. 125-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SGR1806 - 20 is distinguished from the other two members of its class as the most prolific emitter: between 1979 and 1985, it emitted over 100 bursts9, compared to the 16 and 3 emissions of the other two sources (SGR0526-66 and SGR1900+14, respectively)9. Its outbursts were clustered stochastically ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/368125a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial distribution of γ-ray bursts observed by BATSE (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 355 (1992), S. 143-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) is described by Fishman et al.1 It includes eight Nal (Tl) detectors, 1.27cm thick by 50.8cm diameter, sensitive to y-rays in the energy range of 20 keV to 2 MeV. Directions to the burst sources are determined by comparing count rates ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355143a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The intrinsic luminosity of γ-ray bursts and their host galaxies (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 366 (1993), S. 40-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If y-ray bursters (GRBs) are at cosmological distances, the dearth of weak events results from the expansion of the universe, either because the signal is redshifted out of the bandpass of the instrument, and/or through evolution of the sources. The relative number of bursts at different ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/366040a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recurrent burst activity from the soft γ-ray repeater SGR 1900+14 (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 362 (1993), S. 728-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The three SGRs were discovered with the KONUS experiment on the Venera 11-14 spacecraft9 and with the first and second Interplanetary Networks (IPN) of satellites1"4. With one excep-tion (the initial outburst of SGR0526-6610, the famous 5 March 1979 event) all emissions from these sources have ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/362728a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity and Oxidative Stress of Different Forms of Organic Selenium and Dietary Protein in Mallard Ducklings (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 31 (1996), S. 120-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Concentrations of over 100 ppm (mg/kg) selenium (Se) have been found in aquatic plants and insects associated with irrigation drainwater and toxicity to fish and wildlife. Composition of diet for wild ducklings can vary in selenium-contaminated environments. Earlier studies have compared toxicities and oxidative stress of Se as selenite to those of seleno-DL-methionine (DL) in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). This study compares DL, seleno-L-methionine (L), selenized yeast (Y) and selenized wheat (W). Day-old mallard ducklings received an untreated diet (controls) containing 75% wheat (22% protein) or the same diet containing 15 or 30 ppm Se in the above forms except for 30 ppm Se as W. After 2 weeks, blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical assays and Se analysis. All forms of selenium caused significant increases in plasma and hepatic glutathione peroxidase activities. Se as L at 30 ppm in the diet was the most toxic form, resulting in high mortality (64%) and impaired growth (〉50%) in survivors and the greatest increase in ratio of oxidized to reduced hepatic glutathione (GSH). Se as both L and DL decreased the concentrations of hepatic GSH and total thiols. Se as Y accumulated the least in liver (approximately 50% of other forms) and had less effect on GSH and total thiols. In a second experiment, in which the basal diet was a commercial duck feed (22% protein), survival was not affected by 30 ppm Se as DL, L, or Y and oxidative effects on GSH metabolism were less pronounced than with the wheat diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900087
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus on egg and bone of European starlings (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 24 (1993), S. 206-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Egg and bone of passerine birds nesting in acidified habitats may be affected by high levels of Al or P, or low levels of Ca. Nine treatments of three levels of dietary Al (target levels of 200, 1,000, and 5,000 μg/g) and three levels of Ca:P (target levels of NN = 1.3% Ca: 0.9% P; LL = 0.19 Ca:0.45 P; LH = 0.19 Ca: 1.65 P) were fed to 16–17 starling pairs during two breeding seasons. Eggs of starlings fed the LH diet were smaller and weighed less than eggs from the NN and LL treatments. Treatment effects on thickness, strength, and weight of eggshells were not consistent between seasons, probably because of differences in actual dietary levels of Al, Ca, and P or in incubation intervals. In one season, birds fed the highest Al diet had thicker eggshells than those from the other Al treatments (no effect from Ca:P); the following season, eggshells from the NN and LH treatments were thicker and stronger than those from the LL treatment. Eggshells from the NN treatment weighed more than those from the other Ca:P treatments. Starlings on the LH diet had the strongest femurs, but the effect was interactive with different levels of dietary Al. Effects of Ca:P on egg and bone were more evident than Al effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01141350
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 31 (1996), S. 120-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Concentrations of over 100 ppm (mg/kg) selenium (Se) have been found in aquatic plants and insects associated with irrigation drainwater and toxicity to fish and wildlife. Composition of diet for wild ducklings can vary in selenium-contaminated environments. Earlier studies have compared toxicities and oxidative stress of Se as selenite to those of seleno-DL-methionine (DL) in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). This study compares DL, seleno-L-methionine (L), selenized yeast (Y) and selenized wheat (W). Day-old mallard ducklings received an untreated diet (controls) containing 75% wheat (22% protein) or the same diet containing 15 or 30 ppm Se in the above forms except for 30 ppm Se as W. After 2 weeks, blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical assays and Se analysis. All forms of selenium caused significant increases in plasma and hepatic glutathione peroxidase activities. Se as L at 30 ppm in the diet was the most toxic form, resulting in high mortality (64%) and impaired growth (〉50%) in survivors and the greatest increase in ratio of oxidized to reduced hepatic glutathione (GSH). Se as both L and DL decreased the concentrations of hepatic GSH and total thiols. Se as Y accumulated the least in liver (approximately 50% of other forms) and had less effect on GSH and total thiols. In a second experiment, in which the basal diet was a commercial duck feed (22% protein), survival was not affected by 30 ppm Se as DL, L, or Y and oxidative effects on GSH metabolism were less pronounced than with the wheat diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203916
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