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  • 1
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    A preliminary analysis of the vertical heat flux at five meters over water (2007)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Originally issued as Reference No. 51-70
    Description: The members of the Marine Meteorology Project of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution have designed equipment for the measurement or the vertical heat flux. This consists of a small vertical vane, a heated thermistor anemometer, and a bead thermistor thermometer, all mounted within about 20 centimeters or each other. The instruments were described in detail by Parson and Bunker. The anemometer was not temperature compensated, so that, the wind speed itself is possibly not very accurate; however, the wind speed enters the computation or the heat flux only through the vertical velocity, which is not sensitive to errors in the horizontal speed.
    Description: Office of Naval Research Under Contract N6onr-27702 (NR-082-021)
    Keywords: Marine meteorology ; Heat ; Transmission ; Instruments
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Threast to the ozone layer (1980)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 118 (1980), S. 636-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Ozone layer ; Ozone changes ; Ozone public policy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01586470
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Atmospheric Boundary Layer Below 150 Meters (1974)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 6 (1974), S. 147-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.06.010174.001051
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of averaging time on velocity variances (1988)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 38 (1988), S. 64-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary Based on recent spectral models, relations have been proposed between the variances of vertical and lateral velocities and averaging time. A few observations agree reasonably well with the models. The popular 0.2 power law for standard deviations is valid only for the lateral velocity under unstable conditions, particularly for short periods. For periods exceedings five minutes or so, the variation becomes slower unless the winds are very light and the boundary layer is thick. For neutral and slightly stable conditions the variation of standard deviation, with averaging time from five minutes to sixteen minutes, is so slow that it can be neglected for practical applications. The same is generally true for vertical velocity fluctuations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01029948
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wind fluctuations in stable air at the boulder tower (1983)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 25 (1983), S. 353-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectra and variances of velocity components and pressure in stable air were analyzed at the 300 m tower of the BAO. Spectra in very stable air in light winds usually contain low-frequency fluctuations of large magnitude, and high-frequency fluctuations with considerably less energy, separated by a gap. The wave-length of the gap follows Monin-Obukhov scaling. The high-frequency portion of the spectra has characteristics of turbulence. The low-frequency energy is almost certainly due to gravity waves, since there is coherence between vertical velocities and temperatures, and since surface pressure time series resemble time series of velocity components at the higher levels on the tower. Variances of surface pressure changes appear to be positively correlated with variances of vertical velocity above 100 m, and also to some extent, with horizontal velocity components at all levels. Those results have applications to diffusion estimates from continuous elevated sources, but need confirmation on the basis of measurements elsewhere and additional analyses at BAO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02041154
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A suggested refinement for O'Brien's convective boundary layer Eddy exchange coefficient formulation (1983)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 26 (1983), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract With observational data collected and interpreted by Crane et al. (1977), the adequacy of the O'Brien polynomial to represent the exchange profile of heat and pollution in a convective boundary layer is examined and a refinement suggested. Also, it is shown that the height of the surface layer, h=0.04 z i , developed by Blackadar and Tennekes (1968) for a neutrally stratified boundary layer (with z z =0.25u */f) appears to be equally valid for the convective boundary layer where z i , defined as the top of the mixed layer, is used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00121542
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vertical coherence and phase delay between wind components in strong winds below 20 m (1983)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 26 (1983), S. 313-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Vertical coherence and phase delay between wind components in strong winds in the lowest 20 m over uniform terrain in New Zealand have been analysed. The vertical decay constants and slopes for the horizontal wind components could be described as linear functions of the ratio of vertical spacing to mean height (δz/z), with relatively little scatter. The decay constants for the lateral were smaller than for the longitudinal components, the slopes larger for the lateral components, as found previously. The coherence of vertical velocity is best described by exponential decay functions multiplied by a parameter which decreases linearly from 1 (for δz/z=0) to 0.5 (for δz/z=1). The decay constants increased linearly with δz/z, as in the case of the horizontal components. There were no significant phase differences for the vertical components. Lateral and vertical decay constants for the longitudinal wind component could be fitted to identical functions of δy/z and δz/z, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00119530
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Satellite radiances and clear air turbulence probabilities (1973)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 4 (1973), S. 361-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Radiance gradients recorded by Nimbus III and IV, over the United States and the Atlantic Ocean, respectively, are well-related to probability of clear air turbulence. Making use of satellite data only, it is possible to avoid CAT almost entirely. In general, radiosonde-measured temperature gradients are not as well correlated with CAT as satellite radiance gradients; but if the satellite track is parallel to the isotherms, radiance gradients along the satellite track are negligible; and temperature gradients at constant pressure are better indicators of CAT unless the satellite instrument scans at right angles to the track.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265244
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vertical variation of roughness length at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (1984)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 28 (1984), S. 305-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Observations near the BAO tower site have suggested a roughness length of about 0.01 m. Wind profiles from the tower yield values between 0.04 and 0.30 m. We now analyze fluctuations of vertical velocity at 10 m, and get intermediate values, differing with wind direction. Thus, inferred z 0 values increase systematically with height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00121309
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variances and spectra of vertical velocity just above the surface layer (1971)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 2 (1971), S. 30-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Variances and spectra of vertical velocity at 75 m and 225 m obtained by aircraft have been analyzed. Given effective roughness lengths for the different terrain types, nomograms for the standard deviations were constructed as functions of wind speed and lapse rate, guided by theoretical considerations. Normalized spectra agree well with analogous spectra obtained elsewhere, and with requirements of similarity theory; however, over mountainous terrain, low-frequency spectra peaks appear, the frequency of which appears to be independent of height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00718086
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