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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 777 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Interactions between abnormal amyloid precursor protein metabolism and cholinergic dysfunction are increasingly apparent. Both of these major features of Alzheimer's disease occur in restricted loci in normal aging–a potential model for early Alzheimer type pathology. Entorhinal cortex is particularly vulnerable to β-amyloidosis and compared with other cortical areas is remarkable for the relatively high density of nicotinic (3H-nicotine) but not other cholinergic or glutamate receptor binding. With increasing age, post-maturity, there is a persistent decline in nicotinic receptor binding in entorhinal cortex whereas muscarinic Ml and non-Ml, glutamate NMDA and non-NMDA receptors are spared. Normal elderly individuals, distinguished by the absence of βA4 immunoreactive plaques in this area, are differentiated from those with plaques by higher nicotine binding. Amongst individuals with an established history of smoking tobacco, nicotinic receptor binding and hippocampal choline acetyltransferase were elevated compared with non-smokers and preliminary evidence indicates a reduced density of cortical plaques. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that down regulation of the nicotinic cholinergic receptor—a ligand gated calcium channel known to control the expression of neurotrophins—plays a role in the evolution of Alzheimer-type pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 18 (1979), S. 86-91 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 421-430 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy resin samples made with aligned fibres, with lengths of 1 to 5 mm, had strengths and Young's moduli that were affected by fibre length, and surface condition and well as fibre volume fraction. Stress-strain trajectories were all linear, except when the fibres were coated with silicone resin. Fibre critical lengths were found to be affected by the surface condition, but composite strength could not be accounted for when the critical length was inserted into the usual equations, based on fibre slip. The results indicate that existing theoretical treatments for strength and modulus should take more account of the overstressing of fibres adjacent to fibre ends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 431-437 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Random carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin sheets have been prepared and tensile tested. The strengths and Young's moduli varied with fibre volume fraction and fibre length, but the values obtained were somewhat less than slip theory and shear lag theory would indicate. A new theory of slip, taking account of the angles between fibres and applied stress, but neglecting fibre-fibre interactions, predicts strengths and Young's moduli somewhat better.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 10 (1957), S. 364-368 
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 11 (1958), S. 93-97 
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 13 (1969), S. 81-86 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die weitverbreitete Ansicht, dass man kaltes Wetter in feuchter Luft als kälter empfindet als wenn sie trocken ist, wurde an bekleideten Versuchspersonen untersucht. Das subjektive Empfinden von Kälte und Feuchte bei 6 Versuchspersonen, die eine Strecke van 1/2 Meile im Winter im Freien gingen, wurde mit Messungen der Temperatur, der relativen Luftfeuchte und anderer meteorologischer Parameter verglichen. Die Beobachtungen der Versuchsteilnehmer zeigten, dass bei kaltem Wetter die Menschen meinen, dass es feucht sei, wenn gleichzeitig der Himmel bedeckt war, und zwar unabhängig von der relativen Feuchte. Wenn man diese Meinung jedoch berücksichtigt, scheint eine gewisse Beziehung zwischen dem subjektiven Feuchtegefühl und der relativen Feuchte zu bestehen. Sie scheint einen Einfluss darauf zu haben, als wie kalt man es bei tiefen Temperaturen empfindet, aber nur in begrenztem Ausmass und umgekehrt, als die allgemeine Ansicht lautet.
    Abstract: Resume On a cherché à vérifier l'opinion généralement répandue que l'on ressent plus désagréablement un temps froid si l'air est humide que s'il est sec.Pour cela, on a interrogé des personnes vêtues qui avaient parcouru 1/2 mille à pieds. On a mis en regard les unes des autres d'une part leurs sensations subjectives de froid et d'humidité et d'autre part la température et l'humidité ambiantes ainsi que d'autres paramètres météorologiques. Les indications des personnes interrogées montrent que l'homme croit, quand il fait froid, que l'air est humide si le ciel est couvert et cela indépendamment de l'humidité relative effective. Cependant, si l'on tient compte de cette constatation, il semble qu'il y ait effectivement une relation entre la sensation d'humidité et l'humidité relative. L'humidité relative semble donc avoir effectivement des répercussions sur le degré de froid ressenti, mais seulement dans des proportions restreintes et en sens inverse de la croyance populaire.
    Notes: Abstract The widely held view that in cold weather one feels colder when the atmosphere is damp than when it is dry was investigated on clothed subjects. Subjective coldness and dampness, determined by a panel of six people who walked about half a mile in the open in winter, were compared with measurements of temperature, relative humidity, and other meteorological variables. The panellists comments showed that when the weather is cold, people think it is damp when the sky is overcast, irrespective of relative humidity. However, when this factor has been allowed for there still appears to be some correlation between subjective dampness and relative humidity. Relative humidity does appear to have an effect on how cold one feels at low temperatures, but only to a limited extent, and in the opposite direction to popular belief.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 23 (1988), S. 3778-3781 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Stress criteria and energy criteria for crack propagation are examined. It is shown that attempts to improve the delamination resistance of composites are inevitably hampered by fibre constraints on matrix yield and flow. The toughness of the matrix in the absence of fibres is very roughly equal to twice the product of the matrix yield stress, the strain in the plastic zone, ε, and the thickness of the yield zone at the crack faces, t. For ductile matrices with a given yield stress, then, it is probable that toughness is very roughly proportional to t (i.e. ductile matrices are expected to have fairly uniformly high values of ε). However, when fibres are present (e.g. in a laminate) they severely restrict t, and hence the resistance to delamination. While t is less than the interfibre spacing, making the matrix tougher through increasing t directly affects composite toughness. Hence the resistance of the composite to delamination is directly proportional to matrix toughness. However, when t becomes so large as to equal the interfibre spacing, the development of matrix toughness is inhibited, and composite delamination resistance is little affected by further increases in matrix toughness. At this stage, additional increases in delamination resistance depend on increasing the matrix yield stress, rather than increasing the toughness of the matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 24 (1989), S. 4068-4075 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Controlled matrix shrinkage composites have resin matrices in which the cure shrinkage is controlled by adding expanding monomers to epoxy (and other) resins. The shrinkage stresses can be reduced to about one third of their normal values, accompanied by a 50% increase in impact resistance of the composites, with no corresponding loss of shear strength. Tensile and compressive properties of the composites are slightly reduced, although the resin matrices themselves have slightly improved properties as a result of the addition of the expanding monomer. In contrast to this, the addition to the resin matrix of a compatible solvent, dimethyl formamide, had very little effect on the shrinkage stress or composite impact strength but caused losses of resin properties which were manifested in a decrease in composite shear strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 925-929 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Single-fibre pull-out experiments were carried out on samples which had been immersed in water at 22°C, 60°C and 75°C for periods of up to 13 000 h. A curve-fitting technique was used to estimate the pressure and coefficient of friction during sliding, as the fibre was pulled out of the polymer. The immersion reduced the pressure from about 16 M Pa to about 6 M Pa for immersion at 75°C. The effect was much smaller at 60°C and still less at 22°C. The results indicated that, except at 75°C, the pressures were governed by the thermal and chemical shrinkages, water dilation of the polymer, and the change in Young's modulus of the polymer caused by the water. At 75°C the apparent thermal shrinkage stress was anomalously low, taking into account the dilatation and plasticization of the resin. This could have been due to some slight dissolution of the glass by the water. The coefficient of friction was reduced, possibly by softening of the interphasial material when silanes were present. When the silane coating was removed the friction did not appear to obey Amontons law and it was concluded that a water film was probably present at the interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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