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  • 1
    Call number: 13/ZSP-607(203)
    In: Proceedings of the ocean drilling program [Elektronische Ressource]
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 1 CD-ROM , 1 Buch (XIV, 16, 4 S.) , 12 cm
    Series Statement: Proceedings of the ocean drilling program [Elektronische Ressource] : Scientific results
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Keywords: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty ; CTBT ; nuclear explosions ; hydroacoustics ; monitoring
    Description / Table of Contents: In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data centre (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. A global hydroacoustic monitoring system is being planned and implemented for verification of the CTBT. Much of the research conducted over the past several decades on acoustic surveillance of the oceans, formerly driven by the need to detect and track submarines, is now being applied to the development of effective monitoring methods to verify compliance with the CTBT. The aim of this volume on Hydroacoustic Monitoring of the CTBT is to summarize the research being conducted in this field and to provide basic references for future research. Much of the new research emphasizes major advances in understanding the coupling of ocean acoustic waves with elastic waves in the solid Earth. Topics covered include source excitation, detection and classification of events generating hydroacoustic signals, discrimination between underwater explosions and naturally occurring events, as well as topics in coupling of acoustic to seismic wavefields.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 205 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764365387
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 119 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Our goal is to identify prominent scatterers near seismic arrays so that the secondary phases they generate can be anticipated and recognized as being of local, not teleseismic, origin. Toward this end we have developed a technique to scan seismic coda recorded by arrays for phases generated locally by scattering of teleseismic energy from large topographical and crustal heterogeneities. In this paper we test the technique by using the NORESS small-aperture array in southern Norway to image free surface secondary Rg sources excited by incoming teleseismic P waves. In essence, our technique suppresses the teleseismic energy and migrates the residual array records to image-coherent local sources.To assess the azimuthal and radial resolution that the NORESS array provides we have analysed point-source synthetics. A preliminary analysis of recorded data provides an initial view of the scatterers in the vicinity of NORESS and identifies limitations of imaging using the full coda of individual events. Single events can be used to image scatterers but more robust images, with higher azimuthal resolution, can be obtained by using a broadly distributed suite of events. Radial resolution of scatterers can be enhanced by deconvolution.A composite image generated by simultaneously considering a suite of 31 deconvolved teleseisms indicates that two secondary Rg sources are present at, or near, the free surface near NORESS. One, 27km to the south-west of the array, appears to be related to dramatic topographic relief at the south-west edge of Lake Mjosa. Another, roughly 10km to the east of the array is judged by a bootstrap-resampling analysis to be only marginally significant. This apparent source does not coincide with obvious topography and is likely buried. Although the time delay that separates the scattered and ‘parent’ phases depends somewhat on the angle of approach of the incoming waves, in general these secondary sources are contributing wave trains to the seismic coda that begin ∼ 4 and 11s, respectively, after the primary onset.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 9 (1970), S. 58-63 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 99 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: In this paper we consider two fundamentally different processes that can be responsible for the organization of energy in seismic coda into discrete time-independent frequency bands. One process involves the resonance of energy in low velocity horizons and the other requires the interaction of time offset wavefields produced by subevents within multiple-event mine explosions (ripple-fired quarry blasts). We examined data collected by high frequency seismometers in Kazakhstan, USSR, and observed regular time-independent spectral modulations in coda resulting from events strongly suspected to be Soviet quarry blasts, but not in the coda from single event calibration explosions detonated at similar ranges. We conclude these modulations are a source effect and due to ripple-firing. This modulation is independent of the source-receiver azimuth and we infer that the spatial array of subshots in each event must be small. We demonstrate that simple linear superposition theory can be used to reproduce effectively the spectral modulation observed in real quarry blasts. On the basis of these observations we attempt to discriminate between the two types of events using a spectral pattern-based algorithm that seeks time-independent features. We consider the detrimental effect that resonant energy in low velocity horizons can have on the successful application of our algorithm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During 1985 we conducted a series of seismic experiments on the East Pacific Rise (EPR) between 9° and 13° N, which comprised 3,500 km of single- and two-ship reflection profiling to image the substructure of the EPR, and 16 expanded spread profiles (ESPs) to provide control on the velocity ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 333 (1988), S. 228-232 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Seismic waves passing through the middle of the Earth travel slightly faster in a N – S direction than in an E – W direction. A comparison of travel times for different P-wave phases shows that most of this anomaly is within the inner core, and that uniform anisotropy of the inner core ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 366 (1993), S. 675-677 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Three earthquakes of magnitude greater than 6 were recorded during a 4-week deployment of ocean-bottom seismographs (OBSs) at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR; 34° S) in Spring 1990. The OBS array consisted of six instruments, three spaced ~25 km apart of the western flank of the ridge and three ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 475-476 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Many surveys have been made of the structure in the neighbourhood of slow spreading ridges, particularly the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, but very little work has been done on fast spreading ridges. Two surveys2'3 on the East Pacific Rise near the area of this work show mantle velocities below 8 km s"1. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Daphnia parvula experiences a wide range of thermal (4°–30°C) and food conditions during its annual population cycle. We used cohort life table experiments to determine the synergistic effects of temperature and food concentration on its life history parameters. A 3×3 factorial design experiments was conducted with animals raised at all combinations of three naturally experienced temperatures (10°, 15° and 25° C) and food levels (0.02, 0.20 and 2.0 mg C/l). D. parvula showed an increase in survivorship with decreasing temperature at all food levels. Fecundity parameters (number of broods/female, brood size and net reproductive rate) increased with increasing food at the two lower temperatures but showed a mid-range food optimum at the highest temperature. Development rates and realized rates of increase (r) showed an increase with both increasing temperature and food such that they were maximum at the highest temperature-food level treatment. The life history parameters, average lifespan, age at first reproduction, brood duration time, brood size and number of young per reproductive female all showed significant interaction between temperature and food as was suggested by trends in R o and r. Temperature had a reduced effect on fecundity, development rates and realized rates of increase at the low food level. Population birth rates of continuously reproducing zooplankton are typically calculated by the egg-ratio method (Edmondson 1960) and are based on thermally controlled development rates which neglect the effects of food limitation. Significant synergistic temperature-food effects on brood duration time and other life history parameters of Daphnia parvula suggest that food limitation and foodtemperature interaction should be considered when calculating field population birth rates. A comparison of realized rates of increase from this study with similar life table data for Daphnia parvula raised on natural food from Lake Oglethorpe indicate that synergistic effects are negligible in this eutrophic system due to abundant resources. However, synergistic effects are probably important in oligotrophic systems where resources are limited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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