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  • 1
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    Application of remote sensing to monitoring and studying dispersion in ocean dumping (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Remotely sensed wide area synoptic data provides information on ocean dumping that is not readily available by other means. A qualitative approach has been used to map features, such as river plumes. Results of quantitative analyses have been used to develop maps showing quantitative distributions of one or more water quality parameters, such as suspended solids or chlorophyll a. Joint NASA/NOAA experiments have been conducted at designated dump areas in the U.S. coastal zones to determine the applicability of aircraft remote sensing systems to map plumes resulting from ocean dumping of sewage sludge and industrial wastes. A second objective is related to the evaluation of previously developed quantitative analysis techniques for studying dispersion of materials in these plumes. It was found that plumes resulting from dumping of four waste materials have distinctive spectral characteristics. The development of a technology for use in a routine monitoring system, based on remote sensing techniques, is discussed.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Preliminary analysis of ocean color scanner data from Superflux III (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The ocean color scanner collected data Superflux III Experiment Single channel gray scale data products generated 5 minutes after the scanner data were collected showed details of the Chesapeake Plume structure, suggesting that this quick-look capability could have potential use to experimenters in real time. The Chesapeake Bay Plume extended offshore between 5 and 7 nautical miles on two occasions. The scanner data also show many other water features within the lower bay itself.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Chesapeake Bay Plume Study; p 159-174
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    CONVERT: Technique and computer program for calculating photographic film-density variations (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Binary-coded-decimal microdensitometer output is converted into number representing film-density difference between unexposed film border and any data point on photograph, while also correcting for atmospheric backscattering and lens vignetting.
    Keywords: PHYSICAL SCIENCES
    Type: LAR-11873 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 1; 1; P. 65
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Quantitative mapping by remote sensing of an ocean acid-waste dump (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results from quantitative analysis show that airplane remotely sensed spectral data can be used to quantify and map an acid-waste dump in terms of its particulate iron concentration. These same data, however, could not be used to map the dump in terms of total suspended solids, organic suspended solids, or inorganic suspended solids concentrations. A single-variable equation using the ratio of band 2 (440 to 490 nm) radiance to band 4 (540 to 580 nm) radiance was used to quantify the iron concentration in the acid-waste dump. The acid waste that was mapped varied in age from freshly dumped to 31/2 hr. Particulate iron concentrations in the acid waste were estimated to range up to 1.1 mg/l at a depth of 0.46 m. A classification technique was developed to identify pixels in the data set affected by sun glitter.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-TP-1275 , L-11927
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Analysis of six broadband optical filters for measuring chlorophyll alpha and suspended solids in the Patuxent River (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Kodak Wratten broadband optical filters numbered 47B (400 to 500 nm), 57 (500 to 600 nm), 58 (500 to 600 nm), 12 (500 to 700 nm), 25 (600 to 700 nm), and 89B (690 to 900 nm) were tested on October 17, 1972, to see whether each spectral band by itself could be used to quantify chlorophyll a and suspended sediment in the Patuxent River. Band 690 to 900 nm showed promise in being able to detect gross changes in chlorophyll a above 28 micrograms/l. None of the broad spectral bands seem capable of measuring chlorophyll a concentrations less than 28 micrograms/l in turbid estuarine water. Except for the 47B spectral band, the bands do show promise for measuring suspended solids.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3399 , L-10769
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Analysis of ocean color scanner data from the Superflux III Experiment (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The scanner collected data on October 15, 20, and 22, 1980. Single-channel gray-scale data products generated 5 minutes after the scanner were collected and showed details of the Chesapeake plume structure, suggesting that this quick-look capability could have potential use for experiments in real time. The Chesapeake Bay plume extended offshore about 5 nautical miles on October 15, and 7 nautical miles on October 20. Using the October 15 1980, data, a correlation coefficient of r = 0.889 was obtained between chlorophyll 'A' and the ratio of band 7 (664-684 nanometers) to band 9 (746-766 nanometers). This ratio was then used to calculate the average surface chlorophyll 'A' concentration of the water flowing out of the Chesapeak Bay. A ratio from the Ocean Color Scanner bands was created to simulate the ratio that the Multichannel Ocean Color Sensor uses to calculate chlorophyll A concentrations. Using the October 15, 1980, data set, this ratio has a correlation coefficient of r = -0.739 with the log of the chlorophyll 'A' and the ratio of band 2 minus band 4 to band 2 plus band 4 of the Ocean Color Scanner. No correlation is found between the Ocean Color Scanner data and total suspended solid measurements made on October 15, 1980.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-TM-83290 , NAS 1.15:83290
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    A summary of the test procedures and operational details of a Delaware River and an ocean dumping pollution monitoring experiment conducted 28 August 1975 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Two remote sensor evaluation experiments are discussed. One experiment was conducted at the DuPont acid-dump site off the Delaware coast. The second was conducted at an organic waste outfall in the Delaware River. The operational objective of obtaining simultaneous sea truth sampling with remote sensors overpasses was met. Descriptions of the test sites, sensors, sensor platforms, flight lines, sea truth data collected, and operational chronology are presented.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-TM-X-74005
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Performance evaluations of oxidation-resistant carbon-carbon composites in simulated hypersonic vehicle environments (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An evaluation is made of the oxidation-protection requirements of carbon-carbon composite (CCC) structural components in a hypersonic vehicle aerothermodynamic environment, where maximum test temperatures in air are of the order of 2800 F, and pressures range from 0.03 to 1.0 atm. The specimens were exposed to high humidity between tests. Attention was given to the effects of coating composition and thickness, and of substrate architecture and surface preparation, on the oxidation resistance of CCCs. Both surface preparation and coating chemistry have a profound effect on coating adherence and longevity.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: Symposium on High Temperature Composites; Jun 13, 1989 - Jun 15, 1989; Dayton, OH; United States
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  • 9
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    Location, identification, and mapping of sewage sludge and acid waste plumes in the Atlantic coastal zones (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: In: Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants; Nov 06, 1977 - Nov 11, 1977; New Orleans, LA
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  • 10
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    Remote sensing and laboratory techniques for monitoring ocean dumping (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Results of field experiments conducted in the Atlantic Coastal Zone indicate that plumes resulting from ocean dumping of acid waste and sewage sludge have distinguishable spectral characteristics when the radiance of the pollutant is normalized (ratioed to) background ocean water. Acid waste spectra peak between 550-650 nm while sewage sludge spectra have peak values at wavelengths of about 700 nm or greater. Results indicate that identification of acid waste and sewage sludge plumes may be independent of geographical location in the Atlantic Coastal Zone. Radiance ratio curves obtained in the laboratory qualitatively agree with those obtained from field experiments. Results from the July 25, 1977, Galveston Deep Ocean Dump Site experiment show the radiance ratio curve of the biodigested industrial waste to be fairly flat and similar to the radiance ratio curves of sewage sludge line dumps and sewage sludge spot dumps that have been in the water for several hours.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Fall Meeting; Dec 05, 1977 - Dec 09, 1977; San Francisco, CA
    Format: text
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