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Adaptation and stability analysis of sweet potato varieties for low-input systems in Uganda (2005)

Abidin, P. E. ; Eeuwijk, F. A. ; Stam, P. ; [et al.]

Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH

Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Sixteen sweet potato varieties were evaluated for fresh storage root yield in 20 trials during 2000–2001 for three seasons in four locations in Uganda. Of the 16 varieties, 11 were developed by farmers and five by a central breeding programme. The behaviour of the varieties was quantified in terms of wide adaptation (genotypic mean across trials), specific adaptation (genotypic predictions for specific locations) and stability (Shukla stability variance). With respect to all three aspects of yield behaviour, farmer varieties performed on average better than the official varieties. The results illustrate the potential that farmer varieties can have in the improvement of sweet potato in Uganda and other regions where high diversity of sweet potato landraces exists.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01149.x

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Development of pheromone traps for control and monitoring of sweetpotato weevils, Cylas puncticollis and C. brunneus, in Uganda (1997)

Smit, N. E. J. M. ; Downham, M. C. A. ; Odongo, B. ; [et al.]

Springer

Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 85 (1997), S. 95-104

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ISSN: 1570-7458

Keywords: Cylas puncticollis ; Cylas brunneus ; sweetpotato weevil ; pheromone ; pheromone trap ; Coleoptera ; Apionidae ; Africa

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Experiments were carried out in Uganda to optimise pheromone traps for the African sweetpotato weevil species, Cylas puncticollis Bohe. and C. brunneus F. (Coleoptera: Apionidae). Various designs of funnel, water and sticky traps were compared and a 5-l plastic jerry can trap was the most appropriate design for effectiveness and practicability. A solution of Omo detergent in water was found to be the most effective trapping agent. Fewer weevils were caught in red traps than in yellow, white, green or blue traps. Catches of C. puncticollis increased when the trap was raised above crop height, but catches of C. brunneus were unaffected. When marked weevils were dropped onto the trap, 36% of C. puncticollis and 23% of C. brunneus were captured, and, of weevils placed in the trap, 88% and 92%, respectively, of the two species remained overnight. Lures for the two species showed no significant loss in attractiveness after 8 weeks in the field, and chemical analysis showed 19% of the C. puncticollis pheromone and 72% of the C. brunneus pheromone remaining after this time. Summarizing, the following trap is presently recommended for monitoring/controlling African Cylas species: a 5-l plastic jerry can trap of any colour with rectangular openings of 11×5 and 6×5 cm positioned 15 cm above the crop canopy, filled with 0.5 l Omo solution (1 g/1 l water), with 0.1 mg lures to be replaced every 8 weeks.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003031031155

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Specificity of Response to Sex Pheromones Among Sweetpotato Weevils, Cylas puncticollis and C. brunneus (1999)

Downham, M. C. A. ; Smit, N. E. J. M. ; Laboke, P. O. ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 591-609

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Sweetpotato weevils ; Cylas puncticollis ; Cylas brunneus ; Cylas formicarius ; pheromone trap ; Ipomoea batatas ; Uganda ; Indonesia

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Trapping experiments were carried out in Uganda and Indonesia with decyl (E)-2-butenoate and dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate, previously identified as components of the female sex pheromones of the African species of sweetpotato weevil, Cylas puncticollis and C. brunneus, respectively. In Uganda, decyl (E)-2-butenoate attracted only C. puncticollis males, but dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate attracted males of both C. brunneus and C. puncticollis. Catches of C. puncticollis with both compounds were higher when they were dispensed from polyethylene vials rather than rubber septa, while dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate dispensed from rubber septa gave higher catches of C. brunneus and was more selective for this species. Release rates of the two compounds from the two types of dispenser were measured in the laboratory and possible explanations for differences in dispenser performance considered. Lures containing decyl (E)-2-butenoate were as attactive to male C. puncticollis as 10 live virgin female C. puncticollis weevils, but lures containing dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate were not always as attractive to male C. brunneus as the conspecific virgin female weevils. Dose–response relationships with the synthetic pheromones varied between repeat experiments and with the type of dispenser. Addition of dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate to decyl (E)-2-butenoate either did not affect or increased catches of C. puncticollis males, but adding 1% or more of decyl (E)-2-butenoate to dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate significantly reduced attractiveness to C. brunneus. Traps baited with synthetic lures captured male C. brunneus weevils mostly early in the evening while the majority of male C. puncticollis were trapped between 01:00 hr and 03:00 hr. This clear temporal separation of activity of males of the two species helps to ensure species specificity of mating in these sympatric species. In Indonesia, dodecyl (E)-2-butenoate but not decyl (E)-2-butenoate attracted C. formicarius males, but this attractiveness was less than 0.4% that of the pheromone of C. formicarius, (Z)-3-dodecenyl (E)-2-butenoate.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020910121861

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