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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 108 (1976), S. 231-242 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phytophthora ; Penetration ; Eucalypts ; Roots ; Electron microscopy ; Appressoria ; Plugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mechanisms of penetration of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands into seedling eucalypt roots were studied by light and electron microscopy. Culture grown seedlings of root-rot tolerant Eucalyptus st johnii and root-rot susceptible Eucalyptus obliqua were inoculated with both zoospores and mycelium. Zoospores encysted on roots of both species and the germ tubes penetrated without the formation of appressoria. Swellings, previously described as appressoria, were formed when the germ tube was slow to enter the host by intracellular penetration. Vegetative hyphae penetrated both inter- and intracellularly into the zones of root elongation and differentiation, often through root hairs. Evidence of hydrolysis of the host cell-wall at the point of penetration was observed in electron micrographs. Several hours after the germ tube penetrated the epidermis, a thick plug of amorphous material formed in the germ tube slightly below the level of the outer walls of the epidermal cells, sealing off the hypha within the root. Behaviour of zoospores and germ tubes and the mechanism of penetration were similar on both hosts. Micrographs do not suggest any kind of a hypersensitive reaction by the host cells during the early stages of infection.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 137 (1936), S. 236-237 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN his recent letter1, Prof. Dreyer remarks that discoveries in East Africa may perhaps throw light on, and be interpreted with due regard to, problems in South Africa. For similar reasons the investigations in South Africa arouse like hopes among archæologists elsewhere. ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 136 (1935), S. 475-475 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two separate communications1,2 this year on the archæology of South Africa bear indirectly on East African problems now being investigated in Uganda by this expedition. In the first, Prof. Dreyer directs attention to the similarity that exists, in his opinion, between ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 136 (1935), S. 760-761 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN my letter in NATURE of September 21, p. 475, in the fifth paragraph, I said that the oscillation which marks Bed III at Oldoway and the Intrapluvial in Pluvial II, in Uganda, “may be equated with that between the Kamasian and Gamblian” of Kenya. That was wrong, for it has recently become ...
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ground state atomic hydrogen density in a hydrogen/acetylene discharge is compared with the diamondlike carbon (DLC) film quality as determined from in situ ellipsometry measurement of the refractive index. Two-photon laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was employed for the detection of the ground state atomic hydrogen in the rf generated discharge. Absolute atomic hydrogen number densities were determined by calibrating the LIF detection system using a transfer standard. A direct correlation was found between the level of molecular hydrogen dissociation in the plasma and the refractive index of the DLC film. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 60 (1965), S. 136-140 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 61 (1966), S. 257-276 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 61 (1966), S. 277-293 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 69 (1970), S. 1-14 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Hydrolyzed walls (birefringent, Periodic acid/Schiff negative, remnants of primary walls that also lack polyuronides with free carboxyl groups) are demonstrated in the primary xylem of wheat and bean leaves. Walls with similar properties have been found in the primary xylem of a variety of tissues from different species, and are believed to be ubiquitous. It is shown that the pit membrane of intervessel pits between tracheary elements of willow is also a hydrolyzed wall. Combined with the observation byLiese (1965) it seems likely that the removal of non-cellulosic polysaccharides from primary walls unprotected by lignin is a general phenomenon that occurs late in the autolysis of all tracheary elements. Parenchyma cells that abut autolyzing tracheary elements appear to react to hydrolytic attack in a number of ways that are illustrated and discussed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 123 (1975), S. 105-116 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Developing aleurone cells can first be distinguished 10 days after anthesis beneath the degenerating nucellus as somewhat cuboidal cells with extremely thin walls and large nuclei. Ribosomes are very abundant but little endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is apparent. By 14 days the cell walls are intensely autofluorescent, possibly due to the presence of a ferulic acid-carbohydrate complex. At this stage the cytoplasm is characterized by the presence of large vacuoles, many of which contain small, electron-dense inclusions, presumably the beginnings of the phytin globoids (Type I inclusions) of mature aleurone grains. The paired appearance of many of the cells suggests that they are dividing periclinally, the innermost cells destined to become part of the starchy endosperm. By 4 weeks the cell walls have greatly thickened, ER and mitochondria have proliferated, and the vacuoles, which subsequently give rise to mature aleurone grains, contain a second type of inclusion (Type II inclusion) embedded in a protein matrix. Although the walls remain uniformly autofluorescent, an intensely stained inner wall can be distinguished readily from the outer wall. By 5 weeks the aleurone grains are almost completely surrounded by lipid droplets and contain numerous Type I inclusions. The cells change little in appearance from 6 weeks to maturity. At the latter stage the inner and outer walls are quite distinct and the cytoplasm is densely packed with aleurone grains which are completely surrounded by lipid droplets and interspersed with occasional plastids and numerous mitochondria with rather indistinct cristae.
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