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DIGESTIBILITY OF CRUSTACEANS and CAPELIN IN HARP SEALS (PHOCA GROENLANDICA) (1994)

Mårtensson, P.-E. ; Nordøy, E. S. ; Blix, A. S.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Marine mammal science 10 (1994), S. 0

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ISSN: 1748-7692

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: Gross energy intake (GEI), apparent digestible efficiency (%DE), and body-mass change were studied both in recently weaned and in subadult harp seals fed capelin (Mallotus villosus) and crustaceans (Parathemisto libellula and Thysanoessa sp.) ad lib. The median %DE of Parathemisto libellula (with a wet-weight energy density (ED) of 3.9 kJ/g) and Thysanoessa sp. (ED: 2.3 kJ/g) was 81% and 83%, respectively, while the median %DE of capelin (ED: 8.6 kJ/g) was 94% and 93% for subadult harp seals and one harp seal pup, respectively. No correlation between age and %DE was obtained (P 〉 0.05). Despite ad lib. access to the food, the harp seal pups were unable to maintain body mass while on a crustacean diet, and it is therefore suggested that harp seal pups most likely must supplement their crustacean diets with fish to maintain growth.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1994.tb00486.x

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SEASONAL CHANGES IN FOOD INTAKE OF HARP SEALS (PHOCA GROENLANDICA) AT 69°N (1994)

Lager, A. R. ; Nordøy, E. S. ; Blix, A. S.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Marine mammal science 10 (1994), S. 0

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ISSN: 1748-7692

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: Food intake (PI), body mass (BM), and compartmental growth were recorded for 12 mo in four captive 2–4-yr-old male harp seals (Phoca groenlandica), exposed to an artificial light regime that closely resembled natural day length at 69°. In early May before molting, both FZ and BM decreased in all four animals. Total body fat (TBF) declined from 51% of BM in March (n = 4) to 30% in August (n = 2), while total body water (TBW) concomitantly increased from 37% to 51% and total body protein (TBP) from 11% to 17%. In July FI started to increase, while BM started to increase in August. TBF increased while TBW and TBP decreased from August, all three parameters reaching a stable level in October at 47%, 39%, and 12%, respectively. Thereafter, body composition was maintained rather constant until May. Between October and March/April FI fluctuated for all animals, while BM showed a fairly steady increase. Average daily amount of capelin consumed was 2.67 kg·d−1, equivalent to 25,600 kJ·d−1, or 343 kJ·kg−1·d−1.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1994.tb00487.x

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Experimental evidence of seawater drinking in juvenile hooded (Cystophora cristata) and harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) (2000)

Skalstad, I. ; Nordøy, E. S.

Springer

Journal of comparative physiology 170 (2000), S. 395-401

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ISSN: 1432-136X

Keywords: Key words Tritiated water ; Mariposia ; Osmolytes ; Homeostasis ; Harp seal ; AbbreviationsADMR average daily metabolic rate ; H2Ofood water intake from food ; H2Oresp water influx via respiration ; rH2O total water turnover ; SA specific activity ; TBW total body water ; V respiratory minute volume

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract This study was undertaken to measure whether young harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) drink seawater and, if so, to investigate how the excess salt load is handled. Blood and urine samples were collected from hooded seal pups (n=3) and harp seal pups (n=3) after 2 weeks of freshwater exposure, at intervals during 3 weeks of seawater exposure and, finally, after 2 weeks of re-exposure to fresh water. Total water turnover, as measured by injection of tritiated water, was 2200 ml · day−1 and 3300 ml · day−1 in hooded seals and harp seals, respectively. The extent of mariposia was taken as the difference between total water turnover and influx of water through food (free and metabolic water) and respiratory water exchange. Seawater drinking amounted to 14% and 27% of total water turnover (rH2O) for the hooded seals and harp seals, respectively. Further evidence of mariposia was obtained from an increase in the excretion rate of the urine osmolytes Na+, Cl− and Mg2+, during the period of seawater exposure. It is concluded that water influx due to seawater drinking can not be excluded as a source of error when estimating food consumption of free-ranging harp seals and hooded seals, by use of labeled water techniques.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600000116

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