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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 17 (1952), S. 384-402 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 124 (1980), S. 143-148 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Anacystis ; Blue-green algae ; Cyanobacteria ; Mutation ; Pigments ; Red light ; Synecaococcus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Under far-red (〉650 nm) illumination Anacystis nidulans grows poorly and develops a low chlorophyll content. During continued culture over many generations there are increases in growth rate and in the chlorophyll/phycocyanin ratio, usually occurring in concomitant and stepwise fashion. From such selection cultures six clones have been established which differ from the parent in pigment content and show improved growth rate in far-red light. From the evidence at hand the six clones are presumed to be spontaneous mutants selected under the photosynthetically restrictive condition of far-red illumination.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 199 (1963), S. 670-672 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] CONTINUING investigations of the Emerson enhancement effect have revealed in the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans a new phenomenon which appears important to the formulation of a two -light -reaction mechanism for photosynthesis. At wave-lengths absorbed predominantly by chlorophyll a the ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 188 (1960), S. 1029-1030 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The deoxyribonueleic acid from Anacystis nidulans, Chlorella ellipsoidea and sperm (obtained from Nutritional Biochemical Corporation, Cleveland^ Ohio) was degraded with deoxyribonuclease in the following way. 48 mgm. deoxyribonueleic acid, 1.28 mgm. deoxyribonuclease in 0.003 M magnesium sulphate ...
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 40 (1994), S. 303-310 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: photosynthetic unit ; flash yield ; Emerson ; Arnold
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 1932 papers of Emerson and Arnold were great ones, both conceptually and experimentally. The results were so far out of synch with the thinking of the times that it took many years for them to become a cozy part of the dogma of photosynthesis. I reflect on this twenty-four year segment of history.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: allophycocyanin ; Anacystis ; phycobilisomes ; phycocyanin ; pigment mutants polypeptides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phycobilisomes, light harvesting antenna pigment systems, were studied from Anacystis nidulans wild type and from several spontaneous pigment mutants selected for improved growth in far-red light (〉650 nm). This is the first characterization and description of polypeptide composition of phycobilisomes from spontaneous mutants (not chemically induced) of A. nidulans. The mutants had significant changes in the phycobiliprotein content relative to chlorophyll (Chl). Two phycobiliproteins, C-phycocyanin (λmax 625 nm) and allophycocyanin (λmax 650 nm) were present in a molar ratio of ∼3:1 in the wild type. In the mutants the amount of allophycocyanin (APC) per cell remained constant but the phycocyanin (PC) content varied. Phycobilisomes of the mutants 85Y, 19Y and 59G contained PC and APC in a molar ratio of 0.4:1, 0.7:1, and 1:1, respectively. Even though the phycobilisomes of mutant 85Y showed the greatest reduction in PC and consisted mostly of the APC core, the phycobilisomes were still functional and the growth rate of the 85Y cells was similar to the wild type. Fluorescence emission maxima of wild type and all the mutants were at 680 nm (23°C). Excitation maxima corresponded closely with expectations from absorption spectra. On SDS-PAGE gradient gels wild-type phycobilisomes had the usual 17–19 kD polypeptides of PC and APC, plus polypeptides at ca. 78, 56, 39, 36 and 31 kD. Mutants 19Y and 85Y, with the greatest PC deficiency were also deficient in the 36 and 39 kD polypeptides, presumably due to a decrease in peripheral rod structures. Energetically functional hybrid phycobilisomes were obtained when complexes of phycoerythrin-phycocyanin from Nostoc were mixed with dissociated phycobilisomes of wild-type and mutant 85Y. The 31 kD polypeptide is common to both species and immunologically cross reactive.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 9 (1986), S. 135-147 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: blue-green algae ; eyanobacterium ; cytochrome C553 ; electron transport ; photosynthesis ; respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum steady-state redox conditions were monitored in vivo for cytochrome (δ+c553) and P700 versus intensities of an actinic light 1 or light 2 (mainly absorbed by photosystems, and 2, respectively). Parallel measurements of O2 evolution were used to calibrate intensities for rates of electron transfer. Results show that the quality of actinic light (as light 1 or light 2) depends on intensity as well as wavelength. The contribution of electron flow from respiration is confirmed by observations of relative rate of photoreaction 1 estimated from Ip (intensity × fraction of P700 reduced). With 3,- (3,4-dichlorophenyl-1, 1-dimethylurea) (DCMU) the rate of photoreaction 1 depends upon, and is sensitive to small changes in, the rate of dark respiration. Very slow transient dark reductions of Cyt (f+c553) and P700 following any low intensity actinic light 1 are attributed to respiratory electron flow. Cyclic electron flow around photoreaction 1 cannot be large compared to dark respiration and cannot vary significantly with light intensity.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 50 (1996), S. 195-208 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: algal photosynthesis ; assimilatory quotient ; George Burr ; chlorophylls ; fluorescence ; James Franck ; C.S. French ; induction period ; E.D. McAlister ; nitrate reduction ; photoinhihition ; spectrophotometry ; Warburg manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This account is focused upon the early part of my career in order to illuminate the logistics and the culture of our science in the period 1936 to 1949. A roundabout path took me from a farm in Pennsylvania to a PhD under George Burr at Minnesota in 1939. In studying the photosynthetic competence of chlorophyll formed by the green alga Chlorella in darkness, I stumbled upon the phenomenon of photoinhibition. In a two-year postdoctorate at the Smithsonian Institution, I worked under E.D. McAlister. Our major accomplishment was in making simultaneous recordings of fluorescence and CO2 uptake during the induction period. Variations in photosynthetic behavior of Chlorella led to a study of culture conditions and a recognition of the changing conditions which occur in batch cultures. A continuous culture apparatus (turbidostat) was developed as a means of attaining steady-state growth and production of uniform experimental material. I exploited the device in work at my first (and only) position at The University of Texas in 1941 and subsequent years. Study of the CO2/O2 gas exchange ratio led to the recognition of the important role of nitrate in the photosynthetic metabolism of algae. The account ends with the 1949 American Association for the Advancement of Science symposium.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 14 (1987), S. 55-69 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: blue-green algae ; cyanobacteria ; cyclic electron flow ; photoreaction 1 ; photosynthesis ; P700 ; respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Evidence for a cyclic electron flow has been sought by study of the steady-state poise of P700 and rate of photoreaction 1 in three cyanobacteria. Under an actinic light 1 (440 or 680 nm) the rate of photoreaction 1 is limited by the rate of electron supply provided by photoreaction 2 and by all return electron flow from low potential donors such as ferredoxin and NAD(P)H. Plots of p, the steady-state fraction of P700 reduced, versus the reciprocal intensity, 1/I, yield linear segments of slope Ip. From considerations of a simple model the slopes and extrapolated intercepts of the linear segments provide estimates of the rate of return electron flow. Analysis shows that the total return electron flow cannot be large, by one estimate not more than three times the rate of dark respiration. This result leads to a conclusion that cyclic electron flow (and any dependent phosphorylation) is not a significant process in these cyanobacteria at ordinary light intensities.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 47 (1956), S. 397-414 
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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