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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 48 (1958), S. 356-380 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. ∘ Im Diaphragma sellae des Rindes kommen perivasculäre nervöse Endigungen vor, welche von markhaltigen Fasern ausgehen. Möglicherweise handelt es sich um rezeptorische Fasern. 2. ∘ Im Hypophysenstiel unterscheiden wir 2 Zonen: Eine zentrale, welche vom Tractus hypothalamo-hypophyseus gebildet wird und eine molekulare (Zona externa infundibuli), in der man viele granuläre und fadenförmige Endigungen beobachten kann. Diese letzte Zone ist der „Palisaden-Zone“ der Opossumhypophyse ähnlich. Man findet dort Neurosekretgranula. 3. ∘ Auf Grund der Anordnung der Nervenfasern und des Gehaltes an Neurosekretgranula unterscheiden wir in der Pars neuralis der Rinderhypophyse folgende Zonen: a) Zona centralis, von Einzelfasern und Bündeln durchzogen, mit engen perivasculären Räumen, wenigen nervösen Endigungen und einigen Sekretgranula. b) Zona metacentralis. Diese Zone enthält Nervenfaserbündel, die sie durchkreuzen und ihr ein fasciculäres Aussehen geben. Die Bezirke zwischen den einzelnen Nervenbündeln (Grevingsche Inseln) imprägnieren sich bei der Behandlung mit Silbernitrat diffuser und erscheinen dunkler gefärbt als die gleichen Bezirke in der Zona centralis; dort gibt es auch viele Neurosekretgranula. c) Zona terminalis, mit netziger Bauweise, breiten und stark imprägnierbaren Anteilen, welche viel Sekretgranula enthalten und zahlreich nervöse Endigungen aufweisen. d) Zona marginalis. Ein kleiner Bereich, welcher der Zona molecularis infundibuli ähnelt. 4. ∘ In allen Zonen liegen verschiedene nervöse Endigungen, die sich gruppieren in: a) Perivasculäre Endigungen, meistens von knöpf-, faden- oder ringförmiger Gestalt. Sie sind in der Zona centralis seltener, häufiger in der Zona terminalis. Vielleicht stehen sie zu den neurosekretorischen Phänomenen in enger Beziehung. Eine andere seltenere Art von kegelförmigen nervösen Endigungen findet man gleichfalls in Nachbarschaft der Gefäße. b) Hypertrophische Endigungen. Diese sehr unregelmäßig gestalteten Gebilde liegen nahe dem Hypophysenstiel an der Grenze von Pars intermedia und Pars neuralis. c) Herring-Körper. Sie ähneln den terminalen Anschwellungen, die an durch trennten marklosen Nervenfasern auftreten („Boules de rétraction“ von Cajal). 5. In der Pars tuberalis haben wir besondere seltene nervöse Bündel imprägnieren können, die in Richtung der Pars distalis verlaufen. 6. Man kann in der Pars intermedia viele marklose Fasern beobachten, die ihren Ursprung in den Fasern der Zona metacentralis haben. Diese Fasern bilden einen dichten Plexus um die Drüsenzellen und besitzen granuläre oder ringförmige Endigungen. Auch findet man hier einige hypertrophische Endigungen. 7. In der Pars distalis gibt es vereinzelte marklose Fasern und speziell mit Silbersalzen anfärbbare Bildungen an der Oberfläche der Drüsenzellen. Wahrscheinlich handelt es sich um knopfförmige Endigungen der marklosen Nervenfasern. 8. Die Schwierigkeiten der Versilberungstechnik mögen für das häufige Vermissen nervöser Endstrukturen in der Pars tuberalis und Pars distalis verantwortlich sein. Aus einem negativen Ausfall der Imprägnation kann nicht auf die Abwesenheit dieser Strukturen geschlossen werden. 9. Man kann das Eindringen von neurosekretorischem Material in die Pars intermedia und einige Depots von Neurosekretgranula um die speziellen Gefäße des Portalsystems des Hypophysenstiels und der Umschlagszone herum beobachten. Diese Beobachtung, die mit Befunden anderer Autoren in Einklang steht, läßt an eine Beeinflussung der Adenohypophyse durch neurosekretorisches Material denken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-04-21
    Print ISSN: 2469-9926
    Electronic ISSN: 2469-9934
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-11-15
    Print ISSN: 0948-7921
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0487
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: The growth of marine traffic in harbors, and the subsequent increase in vessel and propulsion system sizes, produces three linked problems at the harbor basin area: (i) higher erosion rates damaging docking structures; (ii) sedimentation areas reducing the total depth; (iii) resuspension of contaminated materials deposited at the seabed. The published literature demonstrates that there are no formulations for twin stern propellers to compute the maximum scouring depth. Another important limitation is the fact that the formulations proposed only use one type of maneuvering during the experimental campaign, assuming that vessels are constantly being undocked. Trying to reproduce the real arrival and departure maneuvers, 24 different tests were conducted at an experimental laboratory in a medium-scale water tank using a twin propeller model to estimate the consequences and the maximum scouring depth produced by stern propellers during the backward/docking and forward/undocking scenarios. Results confirm that the combination of backward and forward scenario differs substantially from the experiments performed so far in the literature using only an accumulative forward scenario, yielding deeper scouring holes at the harbor basin area. The results presented in this paper can be used as guidelines to estimate the effects of regular vessels at their particular docking location.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4441
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2018-10-22
    Description: The cytokine IFN-γ is a critical regulator of immune system development and function. Almost all leukocytes express the receptor for IFN-γ, yet each cell type elicits a different response to this cytokine. Cell type-specific effects of IFN-γ make it difficult to predict the outcomes of the systemic IFN-γ blockade and limit its clinical application, despite many years of research. To better understand the cell–cell interactions and cofactors that specify IFN-γ functions, we focused on the function of IFN-γ on CD8 T cell differentiation. We demonstrated that during bacterial infection, IFN-γ is a dominant paracrine trigger that skews CD8 T cell differentiation toward memory. This skewing is preferentially driven by contact-dependent T cell–T cell (T-T) interactions and the localized IFN-γ secretion among activated CD8 T cells in a unique splenic microenvironment, and is less sensitive to concurrent IFN-γ production by other immune cell populations such as natural killer (NK) cells. Modulation of CD8 T cell differentiation by IFN-γ relies on a nonconventional IFN-γ outcome that occurs specifically within 24 hours following infection. This is driven by IFN-γ costimulation by integrins at T-T synapses, and leads to synergistic phosphorylation of the proximal STAT1 molecule and accelerated IL-2 receptor down-regulation. This study provides evidence of the importance of context-dependent cytokine signaling and gives another example of how cell clusters and the microenvironment drive unique biology.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-01-28
    Description: Experiments with vortex rings impinging permeable and solid boundaries are presented in order to investigate the influence of permeability. Utilizing Particle Image Velocimetry, we compared the behaviour of a vortex ring impinging four different reticulated foams (with permeability k ∼ 26 − 85 × 10 −8 m 2 ) and a solid boundary. Results show how permeability affects the stretching phenomena of the vortex ring and the formation and evolution of the secondary vortex ring with opposite sign. Moreover, permeability also affects the macroscopic no-slip boundary condition found on the solid boundary, turning it into an apparent slip boundary condition for the most permeable boundary. The apparent slip-boundary condition and the flux exchange between the ambient fluid and the foam are jointly responsible for both the modified formation of the secondary vortex and changes on the vortex ring diameter increase.
    Print ISSN: 1070-6631
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7666
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2019
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1958-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-04-22
    Description: Author(s): Pere Mujal, Bruno Juliá-Díaz, and Artur Polls This work contains a detailed analysis of the properties of the ground state of a two-component two-site Bose-Hubbard model, which captures the physics of a binary mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in a double-well potential. The atom-atom interactions within each species and among the tw… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 043619] Published Thu Apr 21, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-10-17
    Description: Author(s): Pere Mujal, Enric Sarlé, Artur Polls, and Bruno Juliá-Díaz We consider a small number of identical bosons trapped in a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic potential and also the N -boson system when it is feasible. The atom-atom interaction is modeled by means of a finite-range Gaussian interaction. The spectral properties of the system are scrutinized and, i... [Phys. Rev. A 96, 043614] Published Mon Oct 16, 2017
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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