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  • 1
    Call number: 13/ZSP-607(207)
    In: Proceedings of the ocean drilling program [Elektronische Ressource]
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 1 CD-ROM : 1 Booklet (xvi, 26, 38 S.)
    Series Statement: Proceedings of the ocean drilling program [Elektronische Ressource] : Scientific results 207.2003
    Classification:
    Geophysical Deep Sounding
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Call number: 9/M 07.0421(477)
    In: Geological Society Special Publication
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The challenges facing submarine mass movement researchers and engineers are plentiful and exciting. This book follows several high-profile submarine landslide disasters that have reached the world's attention over the past few years. For decades, researchers have been mapping the world's mass movements. Their significant impacts on the Earth by distributing sediment on phenomenal scales is undeniable. Their importance in the origins of buried resources has long been understood. Their hazard potential ranges from damaging to apocalyptic, frequently damaging local infrastructure and sometimes devastating whole coastlines. Moving beyond mapping advances, the subaqueous mass movement scientists and practitioners are now also focussed on assessing the consequences of mass movements, and the measurement and modelling of events, hazard analysis and mitigation. Many state-of-the-art examples are provided in this book, which is produced under the auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Program S4SLIDE (Significance of Modern and Ancient Submarine Slope LandSLIDEs).
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: vii, 609 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 978-1-78620-382-3
    Series Statement: Geological Society Special Publication 477
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Call number: S 90.0002(1643)
    In: Professional paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 45 S. + 2 Kt.-Beil.
    ISBN: 0607974575
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey professional paper 1643
    Classification:
    A. 3.4.
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Keywords: mass movements ; subaqueous landslides ; geohazards
    Description / Table of Contents: Advancing from subaqueous mass movement case studies to providing advice and mitigation / D. Gwyn Lintern, David C. Mosher and Martin Scherwath / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 1-14, 21 June 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477-2018-190 --- Tectonics and mass movements --- The nature of small to medium earthquakes along the Eastern Mediterranean passive continental margins, and their possible relationships to landslides and submarine salt-tectonic-related shallow faults / Oded Katz and Yariv Hamiel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 15-22, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.5 --- Spatial and temporal cross-cutting relationships between fault structures and slope failures along the outer Kumano Basin and Nankai accretionary wedge, SW Japan / J. K. Lackey, G. F. Moore, M. Strasser, A. Kopf and C. S. Ferreira / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 23-36, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.10 --- Evidence for surface sediment remobilization by earthquakes in the Nankai forearc region from sedimentary records / Natsumi Okutsu, Juichiro Ashi, Asuka Yamaguchi, Tomohisa Irino, Ken Ikehara, Toshiya Kanamatsu, Yusuke Suganuma and Masafumi Murayama / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 37-45, 27 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.22 --- Slope failures along the deformation front of the Cascadia margin: linking slide morphology to subduction zone parameters / Michael Riedel, Michelle M. Côté, Morelia Urlaub, Jacob Geersen, Nastasja A. Scholz, Kathrin Naegeli and George D. Spence / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 47-67, 27 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.33 --- Slope failure and mass transport processes along the Queen Charlotte Fault, southeastern Alaska / Daniel S. Brothers, Brian D. Andrews, Maureen A. L. Walton, H. Gary Greene, J. Vaughn Barrie, Nathan C. Miller, Uri ten Brink, Amy E. East, Peter J. Haeussler, Jared W. Kluesner and James E. Conrad / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 69-83, 21 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.30 --- Slope failure and mass transport processes along the Queen Charlotte Fault Zone, western British Columbia / H. Gary Greene, J. Vaughn Barrie, Daniel S. Brothers, James E. Conrad, Kim Conway, Amy E. East, Randy Enkin, Katherine L. Maier, Stuart P. Nishenko, Maureen A. L. Walton and Kristin M. M. Rohr / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 85-106, 24 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.31 --- Mass-wasting processes along the margins of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea: insights from multichannel seismic reflection and multibeam echosounder data / Senay Horozal, Jang-Jun Bahk, Sang Hoon Lee, Deniz Cukur, Roger Urgeles, Gil Young Kim, Seong-Pil Kim, Byong-Jae Ryu and Jin-Ho Kim / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 107-119, 30 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.18 --- Assessment of the effect of mass-transport deposits on fault propagation in Penobscot area, offshore Nova Scotia / Tuviere Omeru, Samson I. Bankole, Byami A. Jolly, Obafemi S. Seyi and Joses B. Omojola / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 121-131, 27 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.23 --- Open-slope, translational submarine landslide in a tectonically active volcanic continental margin (Licosa submarine landslide, southern Tyrrhenian Sea) / M. Sammartini, A. Camerlenghi, F. Budillon, D. D. Insinga, F. Zgur, A. Conforti, M. Iorio, R. Romeo and R. Tonielli / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 133-150, 24 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.34 --- Mass transport deposits, fluid flow and gas hydrates in passive margins --- Mass wasting along the NW African continental margin / S. Krastel, W. Li, M. Urlaub, A. Georgiopoulou, R. B. Wynn, T. Schwenk, C. Stevenson and P. Feldens / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 151-167, 23 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.36 --- Subsurface controls on the development of the Cape Fear Slide Complex, central US Atlantic Margin / Jenna C. Hill, Daniel S. Brothers, Matthew J. Hornbach, Derek E. Sawyer, Donna J. Shillington and Anne Bécel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 169-181, 28 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.17 --- Repeated large-scale mass-transport deposits and consequent rapid sedimentation in the western part of the Bay of Bengal, India / Yuzuru Yamamoto, Shun Chiyonobu, Toshiya Kanamatsu, Naokazu Ahagon, Kan Aoike, Nana Kamiya, Takanori Ojima, Takehiro Hirose, Takamitsu Sugihara, Saneatsu Saito, Masataka Kinoshita, Yusuke Kubo, Yasuhiro Yamada and NGHP-02 Scientists / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 183-193, 28 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.12 --- Giant mass-transport deposits in the southern Scotia Sea (Antarctica) / Luis Somoza, Teresa Medialdea and Francisco J. González / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 195-205, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.2 --- Submarine landslides offshore Yamba, NSW, Australia: an analysis of their timing, downslope motion and possible causes / Thomas Hubble, Serena Yeung, Samantha Clarke, Alan Baxter and Fabio De Blasio / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 207-222, 30 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.11 --- Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology --- Entrainment and abrasion of megaclasts during submarine landsliding and their impact on flow behaviour / D. M. Hodgson, H. L. Brooks, A. Ortiz-Karpf, Y. Spychala, D. R. Lee and C. A.-L. Jackson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 223-240, 28 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.26 --- Preferential formation of a slide plane in translational submarine landslide deposits in a Pleistocene forearc basin fill exposed in east-central Japan / Masayuki Utsunomiya, Atsushi Noda and Makoto Otsubo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 241-253, 23 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.3 --- Formation of excess fluid pressure, sediment fluidization and mass-transport deposits in the Plio-Pleistocene Boso forearc basin, central Japan / Nana Kamiya, Masayuki Utsunomiya, Yuzuru Yamamoto, Junichi Fukuoka, Feng Zhang and Weiren Lin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 255-264, 26 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.20 --- Stratal architecture and evolution of a slope mass-transport complex, Isaac Formation, Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup, southern Canadian Cordillera, British Columbia, Canada / Lilian Navarro and R. William C. Arnott / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 265-276, 3 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.24 --- Tsunami risk assessment --- Extending the terrestrial depositional record of marine geohazards in coastal NW British Columbia / David Huntley, Peter Bobrowsky, James Goff, Catherine Chagué, Douglas Stead, Davide Donati and Danial Mariampillai / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 277-292, 27 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.4 --- Tsunami modelling of the 7250 cal years BP Betsiamites submarine landslide / Dominique Turmel, Jacques Locat, Jonathan Leblanc and Geneviève Cauchon-Voyer / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 293-301, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.9 --- Bulgarian tsunami on 7 May 2007: numerical investigation of the hypothesis of a submarine-landslide origin / Oleg I. Gusev, Gayaz S. Khakimzyanov and Leonid B. Chubarov / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 303-313, 23 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.6 --- Modelling the 1929 Grand Banks slump and landslide tsunami / Finn Løvholt, Irena Schulten, David Mosher, Carl Harbitz and Sebastian Krastel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 315-331, 17 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.28 --- Failure and post-failure analysis of submarine mass movements using geomorphology and geomechanical concepts / Jacques Locat / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 333-351, 30 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.27 --- SPLASH: semi-empirical prediction of landslide-generated displacement wave run-up heights / Thierry Oppikofer, Reginald L. Hermanns, Nicholas J. Roberts and Martina Böhme / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 353-366, 17 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.1 --- Assessments of subaqueous mass movements in labs, lakes, fjords and coastal areas --- Morphological characterization of submarine slope failures in a semi-enclosed fjord, Frobisher Bay, eastern Canadian Arctic / Robert Deering, Trevor Bell, Donald L. Forbes, Calvin Campbell and Evan Edinger / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 367-376, 24 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.35 --- New evidence for a major late Quaternary submarine landslide on the external western levee of Laurentian Fan / Alexandre Normandeau, D. Calvin Campbell, David J. W. Piper and Kimberley A. Jenner / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 377-387, 28 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.14 --- Failure dynamics of landslide scars on the lower continental slope of the Tyrrhenian Calabrian margin: insights from an integrated morpho-bathymetric and seismic analysis / Daniele Casalbore, Eleonora Martorelli, Alessandro Bosman, Eleonora Morelli and Francesco Latino Chiocci / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 389-397, 23 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.16 --- Quantitative characterization of subaqueous landslides in Lake Zurich (Switzerland) based on a high-resolution bathymetric dataset / M. Strupler, F. S. Anselmetti, M. Hilbe and M. Strasser / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 399-412, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.7 --- Tsunami hazard from lacustrine mass wasting in Lake Tekapo, New Zealand / Joshu J. Mountjoy, Xiaoming Wang, Susi Woelz, Sean Fitzsimons, Jamie D. Howarth, Alan R. Orpin and William Power / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 413-426, 27 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.21 --- Sediment mass movement of a particle-laden turbidity current based on ultrasound velocity profiling and the distribution of sediment concentration / Shun Nomura, Jumpei Hitomi, Giovanni De Cesare, Yasushi Takeda, Yuzuru Yamamoto and Hide Sakaguchi / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 427-437, 3 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.19 --- A two-dimensional layer-averaged numerical model for turbidity currents / Shihao Yang, Yi An and Qingquan Liu / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 439-454, 23 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.32 --- Policy, classification and providing advice for mitigation --- A consistent global approach for the morphometric characterization of subaqueous landslides / Michael Clare, Jason Chaytor, Oliver Dabson, Davide Gamboa, Aggeliki Georgiopoulou, Harry Eady, James Hunt, Christopher Jackson, Oded Katz, Sebastian Krastel, Ricardo León, Aaron Micallef, Jasper Moernaut, Roberto Moriconi, Lorena Moscardelli, Christof Mueller, Alexandre Normandeau, Marco Patacci, Michael Steventon, Morelia Urlaub, David Völker, Lesli Wood and Zane Jobe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 455-477, 28 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.15 --- Seismic and lithofacies characterization of a gravity core transect down the submarine Tuaheni Landslide Complex, NE New Zealand / Jannis Kuhlmann, Alan R. Orpin, Joshu J. Mountjoy, Gareth J. Crutchley, Stuart Henrys, Ryan Lunenburg and Katrin Huhn / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 479-495, 31 July 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.37 --- Submarine landslide catalogue onshore/offshore harmonization: Spain as a case study / Ricardo León, Juan Carlos García-Davalillo, David Casas and Carmen Julia Giménez-Moreno / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 497-510, 31 July 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.38 --- Combining in situ monitoring using seabed instruments and numerical modelling to assess the transient stability of underwater slopes / Morelia Urlaub and Heinrich Villinger / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 511-521, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.8 --- Effects of stress on failure behaviour of shallow-marine muds from the northern Gulf of Mexico / Brandon Dugan and Xin Zhao / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 523-536, 27 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.13 --- Shear margin moraine, mass transport deposits and soft beds revealed by high-resolution P-Cable three-dimensional seismic data in the Hoop area, Barents Sea / Benjamin Bellwald and Sverre Planke / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 537-548, 28 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.29 --- Geohazard assessment related to submarine instabilities in Bjørnafjorden, Norway / Brian Carlton, Maarten Vanneste, Carl Fredrik Forsberg, Siren Knudsen, Finn Løvholt, Tore Kvalstad, Søren Holm, Heidi Kjennbakken, Muhammad Adeel Mazhar, Samson Degago and Haflidi Haflidason / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 549-566, 31 July 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.39 --- Providing multidisciplinary scientific advice for coastal planning in Kitimat Arm, British Columbia / Gwyn Lintern, Andrée Blais-Stevens, Cooper Stacey, John Shaw, Peter Bobrowsky, Kim Conway, David Huntley, Kevin Mackillop, Irina Overeem and Martin Scherwath / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 567-581, 16 April 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.40 --- Surficial sediment failures due to the 1929 Grand Banks Earthquake, St Pierre Slope / Irena Schulten, David C. Mosher, Sebastian Krastel, David J. W. Piper and Markus Kienast / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 477, 583-596, 3 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.25
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 609 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 9781786203823
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2020-10-12
    Description: Marine geological and geophysical data from Alpha Ridge in the Arctic Ocean are sparse because of thick perennial sea-ice cover, which prevents access by most surface vessels. Rare seismic data in this area, acquired largely from drifting ice-camps, had shown the hemipelagic drape that covers most of the ridge is highly disrupted within a large (〉90 000 km2) south central region. Here, evidence of pronounced seafloor erosion and debris flows infilling seafloor lows was previously interpreted to be the result of a possible bolide impact. In recent years, several icebreaker expeditions have successfully acquired multibeam bathymetry and sub-bottom profiler data in the western segment of this region. Analysis of these data reveals a complex seafloor morphology characterized by ridges and troughs, angular blocks and escarpments as well as seismic facies characterized by hyperbolic seafloor reflections, and convoluted to incoherent and transparent sub-bottom reflectivity. These features are interpreted as evidence of sediment mass movement with varying degrees of lateral transport deformation. At least two episodes of failure are interpreted based on the presence of both buried and surficial mass-transport features. As multiple events are interpreted, seismicity is the most plausible trigger mechanism rather than bolide impact.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Crown Copyright, 2015. This article is posted here by permission of Oxford University Press for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Journal International 204 (2016): 1-20, doi:10.1093/gji/ggv416.
    Description: The Canada Basin and the southern Alpha-Mendeleev ridge complex underlie a significant proportion of the Arctic Ocean, but the geology of this undrilled and mostly ice-covered frontier is poorly known. New information is encoded in seismic wide-angle reflections and refractions recorded with expendable sonobuoys between 2007 and 2011. Velocity–depth samples within the sedimentary succession are extracted from published analyses for 142 of these records obtained at irregularly spaced stations across an area of 1.9E + 06 km2. The samples are modelled at regional, subregional and station-specific scales using an exponential function of inverse velocity versus depth with regionally representative parameters determined through numerical regression. With this approach, smooth, non-oscillatory velocity–depth profiles can be generated for any desired location in the study area, even where the measurement density is low. Practical application is demonstrated with a map of sedimentary thickness, derived from seismic reflection horizons interpreted in the time domain and depth converted using the velocity–depth profiles for each seismic trace. A thickness of 12–13 km is present beneath both the upper Mackenzie fan and the middle slope off of Alaska, but the sedimentary prism thins more gradually outboard of the latter region. Mapping of the observed-to-predicted velocities reveals coherent geospatial trends associated with five subregions: the Mackenzie fan; the continental slopes beyond the Mackenzie fan; the abyssal plain; the southwestern Canada Basin; and, the Alpha-Mendeleev magnetic domain. Comparison of the subregional velocity–depth models with published borehole data, and interpretation of the station-specific best-fitting model parameters, suggests that sandstone is not a predominant lithology in any of the five subregions. However, the bulk sand-to-shale ratio likely increases towards the Mackenzie fan, and the model for this subregion compares favourably with borehole data for Miocene turbidites in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The station-specific results also indicate that Quaternary sediments coarsen towards the Beaufort-Mackenzie and Banks Island margins in a manner that is consistent with the variable history of Laurentide Ice Sheet advance documented for these margins. Lithological factors do not fully account for the elevated velocity–depth trends that are associated with the southwestern Canada Basin and the Alpha-Mendeleev magnetic domain. Accelerated porosity reduction due to elevated palaeo-heat flow is inferred for these regions, which may be related to the underlying crustal types or possibly volcanic intrusion of the sedimentary succession. Beyond exploring the variation of an important physical property in the Arctic Ocean basin, this study provides comparative reference for global studies of seismic velocity, burial history, sedimentary compaction, seismic inversion and overpressure prediction, particularly in mudrock-dominated successions.
    Keywords: Numerical approximations and analysis ; Spatial analysis ; Controlled source seismology ; Acoustic properties ; Sedimentary basin processes ; Large igneous provinces ; Crustal structure ; Arctic region
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 18 (2017): 4156–4178, doi:10.1002/2017GC007099.
    Description: Synthesis of seismic velocity, potential field, and geological data from Canada Basin and its surrounding continental margins suggests that a northeast-trending structural fabric has influenced the origin, evolution, and current tectonics of the basin. This structural fabric has a crustal origin, based on the persistence of these trends in upward continuation of total magnetic intensity data and vertical derivative analysis of free-air gravity data. Three subparallel northeast-trending features are described. Northwind Escarpment, bounding the east side of the Chukchi Borderland, extends ∼600 km and separates continental crust of Northwind Ridge from high-velocity transitional crust in Canada Basin. A second, shorter northeast-trending zone extends ∼300 km in northern Canada Basin and separates inferred continental crust of Sever Spur from magmatically intruded crust of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province. A third northeast-trending feature, here called the Alaska-Prince Patrick magnetic lineament (APPL) is inferred from magnetic data and its larger regional geologic setting. Analysis of these three features suggests strike slip or transtensional deformation played a role in the opening of Canada Basin. These features can be explained by initial Jurassic-Early Cretaceous strike slip deformation (phase 1) followed in the Early Cretaceous (∼134 to ∼124 Ma) by rotation of Arctic Alaska with seafloor spreading orthogonal to the fossil spreading axis preserved in the central Canada Basin (phase 2). In this model, the Chukchi Borderland is part of Arctic Alaska.
    Description: Funding for this work was provided in part through the Geological Survey of Canada as part of Canada’s UNCLOS Project and through the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the U.S. Extended Continental Shelf project.
    Keywords: Canada Basin ; Tectonics ; Arctic Ocean ; Strike slip ; Seafloor spreading
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This is the author's version of the work and is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Tectonophysics 691, Part A (2016): 8-30, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.01.038.
    Description: Seismic velocities determined from 70 sonobuoys widely distributed in Canada Basin were used to discriminate crustal types. Velocities of oceanic layer 3 (6.7 -7.1 km/s), transitional (7.2-7.6 km/s) and continental crust (5.5-6.6 km/s) were used to distinguish crustal types. Potential field data supports the distribution of oceanic crust as a polygon with maximum dimensions of ~340 km (east-west) by ~590 km (north-south) and identification of the ocean-continent boundary (OCB). Paired magnetic anomalies are associated only with crust that has oceanic velocities. Furthermore, the interpreted top of oceanic crust on seismic reflection profiles is more irregular and sometimes shallower than adjacent transitional crust. The northern segment of the narrow Canada Basin Gravity Low (CBGL), often interpreted as a spreading centre, bisects this zone of oceanic crust and coincides with the location of a prominent valley in seismic reflection profiles. Data coverage near the southern segment of CBGL is sparse. Velocities typical of transitional crust are determined east of it. Extension in this region, close to the inferred pole of rotation, may have been amagmatic. Offshore Alaska is a wide zone of thinned continental crust up to 300 km across. Published longer offset refraction experiments in the Basin confirm the depth to Moho and the lack of oceanic layer 3 velocities. Further north, towards Alpha Ridge and along Northwind Ridge, transitional crust is interpreted to be underplated or intruded by magmatism related to the emplacement of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). Although a rotational plate tectonic model is consistent with the extent of the conjugate magnetic anomalies that occupy only a portion of Canada Basin, it does not explain the asymmetrical configuration of the oceanic crust in the deep water portion of Canada Basin, and the unequal distribution of transitional and continental crust around the basin.
    Description: Funding for this work was provided through the Geological Survey of Canada as part of the Canada’s Extended Continental Slope (ECS) Program. Funding for this work was also provided in part through the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the U.S. ECS Project.
    Description: 2018-02-06
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth 124(8), (2019): 7562-7587, doi: 10.1029/2019JB017587.
    Description: From 1963 to 1973 the U.S. Geological Survey measured heat flow at 356 sites in the Amerasian Basin (Western Arctic Ocean) from a drifting ice island (T‐3). The resulting measurements, which are unevenly distributed on Alpha‐Mendeleev Ridge and in Canada and Nautilus Basins, greatly expand available heat flow data for the Arctic Ocean. Average T‐3 heat flow is ~54.7 ± 11.3 mW/m2, and Nautilus Basin is the only well‐surveyed area (~13% of data) with significantly higher average heat flow (63.8 mW/m2). Heat flow and bathymetry are not correlated at a large scale, and turbiditic surficial sediments (Canada and Nautilus Basins) have higher heat flow than the sediments that blanket the Alpha‐Mendeleev Ridge. Thermal gradients are mostly near‐linear, implying that conductive heat transport dominates and that near‐seafloor sediments are in thermal equilibrium with overlying bottom waters. Combining the heat flow data with modern seismic imagery suggests that some of the observed heat flow variability may be explained by local changes in lithology or the presence of basement faults that channel circulating seawater. A numerical model that incorporates thermal conductivity variations along a profile from Canada Basin (thick sediment on mostly oceanic crust) to Alpha Ridge (thin sediment over thick magmatic units associated with the High Arctic Large Igneous Province) predicts heat flow slightly lower than that observed on Alpha Ridge. This, along with other observations, implies that circulating fluids modulate conductive heat flow and contribute to high variability in the T‐3 data set.
    Description: B.V. Marshall of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was critical to the T‐3 heat flow studies and would have been included as a coauthor on this work if he were not deceased. The original T‐3 heat flow data acquisition program was supported by the USGS and by the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory of the Office of Naval Research. Over the decade of USGS research on T‐3 Ice Island, numerous researchers and technical staff, including B.V. Marshall, P. Twichell, D. Scoboria, J. Tailleur, B. Tailleur, and others, spent months on the island and endured difficult and sometimes dangerous conditions to acquire this data set alongside colleagues from other institutions. Outstanding support from the USGS Menlo Park office, transportation and logistics assistance from other U.S. federal government agencies, Arctic expertise supplied by native Alaskan communities, and collaboration with Lamont researchers made this research program possible. B. Lachenbruch and L. Lawver revived interest in this data set in 2016, and they, along with D. Darby and J. K. Hall, provided ancillary information on T‐3 studies. B. Clarke and M. Arsenault assisted with initial data digitization. We thank M. Jakobsson, R. Saltus, and G. Oakey for providing critical shapefiles and other data and R. Jackson and S. Mukasa for clarification on unpublished information. Reviews by J. Hopper, P. Hart, and W. Jokat improved the manuscript, and V. Atnipp Cross and A. Babb were instrumental in completion of data releases. The USGS's Coastal/Marine Hazards and Resources Program supported C.R. and D.H. between 2016 and 2019, and C.R. used office space provided by the Earth Resources Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during completion of this work. Data in Figure 11 were provided by the U.S. Extended Continental Shelf (ECS) Project. The opinions, findings, and conclusions stated herein are those of the authors and the U.S. Geological Survey, but do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. ECS Project. Any use of trade, firm, or product name is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Digital data, metadata, and supporting plots for T‐3 heat flow, navigation, and radiogenic heat content, along with Lamont gravity and magnetics data, are available from Ruppel et al. (2019), and the original T‐3 expedition report with explanatory metadata can be downloaded from Lachenbruch et al. (2019).
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean ; heat flow ; thermal history ; ice island
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Simulations of the erosion, transport and deposition of fine-grained sediment, such as that of Greenberg & Amos and the Hydraulics Research Station, have illustrated a general lack of reliable field data. Consequently, some standard equations and constants used in modelling the sedimentation character of fine-grained cohesive sediment were evaluated based on data from two field studies and a flume experiment with undisturbed sediment from the Bay of Fundy.Initial results showed that the resistance to erosion of intertidal fine-grained sediment is controlled largely by the degree of subaerial exposure and the consequent dehydration and compaction. The sediment shear strength was high (4 kPa), but generally decreased seawards across the intertidal zone. The resistance of intertidal mud to erosion can be 80 times greater than sub-tidal counterparts.The rate of sediment erosion varied as a complex function of the applied bottom shear stress. At stresses immediately above the critical, the erosion rate decreased asymptotically with time. At higher excess stresses, the erosion rate was linear with respect to time. Thus sediment erosion cannot be represented by a single coefficient.The Krone method of computing sedimentation rates of suspended material was shown, by comparisons with direct measurement, to overpredict by 29%. All variables used in his method were measured in the evaluation with the exception of the critical deposition stress (τd). The closest comparisons were obtained when τd was assigned a value of 0.1 N m−2 following Creutzberg & Postma.The in situ still-water particle settling rate (Vo) was constant with respect to time (2.1 × 10−3 m s−1). However, the settling tube measures of settling rate, compared to in situ results, underpredicted particle settling by an order of magnitude (2.7 × 10−4 m s−1). The reason for this discrepancy is not apparent from our results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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