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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-02-24
    Keywords: 31DSGP195_1; 31DSGP195_1-track; ALTITUDE; Cloud base height; CT; DATE/TIME; Dew/frost point; Discoverer; High cloud; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Low/middle cloud amount; Low cloud; Middle cloud; Present weather; Pressure, atmospheric; Quality code; Temperature, air; Temperature, air, wet bulb; Temperature, water; Total cloud amount; Underway cruise track measurements; Visual observation; Wind direction; Wind speed; WOCE; World Ocean Circulation Experiment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2490 data points
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-02-24
    Keywords: 31DSEP390_2; 31DSEP390_2-track; ALTITUDE; Cloud base height; CT; DATE/TIME; Dew/frost point; Discoverer; High cloud; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Low/middle cloud amount; Low cloud; Middle cloud; Present weather; Pressure, atmospheric; Temperature, air; Temperature, air, wet bulb; Temperature, water; Total cloud amount; Underway cruise track measurements; Visual observation; Wind direction; Wind speed; WOCE; World Ocean Circulation Experiment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 955 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-02-24
    Keywords: 31DSGP595_1; 31DSGP595_1-track; ALTITUDE; Cloud base height; CT; DATE/TIME; Dew/frost point; Discoverer; High cloud; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Low/middle cloud amount; Low cloud; Middle cloud; Present weather; Pressure, atmospheric; Quality code; Temperature, air; Temperature, air, wet bulb; Temperature, water; Total cloud amount; Underway cruise track measurements; Visual observation; Wind direction; Wind speed; WOCE; World Ocean Circulation Experiment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2001 data points
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  • 4
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Wendler, Gerd; Shulski, M; Moore, B (2009): Changes in the climate of the Alaskan North Slope and the ice concentration of the adjacent Beaufort Sea. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 99(1-2), 67-74, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-009-0127-8
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: A reliable data set of Arctic sea ice concentration based on satellite observations exists since 1972. Over this time period of 36 years western arctic temperatures have increased; the temperature rise varies significantly from one season to another and over multi-year time scales. In contrast to most of Alaska, however, on the North Slope the warming continued after 1976, when a circulation change occurred, as expressed in the PDO index. The mean temperature increase for Barrow over the 36-year period was 2.9°C, a very substantial change. Wind speeds increased by 18% over this time period, however, the increase were non-linear and showed a peak in the early 1990s. The sea ice extent of the Arctic Ocean has decreased strongly in recent years, and in September 2007 a new record in the amount of open water was recorded in the Western Arctic. We observed for the Southern Beaufort Sea a fairly steady increase in the mean annual amount of open water from 14% in 1972 to 39% in 2007, as deduced from the best linear fit. In late summer the decrease is much larger, and September has, on average, the least ice concentration (22%), followed by August (35%) and October (54%). The correlation coefficient between mean annual values of temperature and sea ice concentration was 0.84. On a monthly basis, the best correlation coefficient was found in October with 0.88. However, the relationship between winter temperatures and the sea ice break-up in summer was weak. While the temperature correlated well with the CO2 concentration (r=0.86), the correlation coefficient between CO2 and sea ice was lower (r=-0.68). After comparing the ice concentration with 17 circulation indices, the best relation was found with the Pacific Circulation Index (r=-0.59).
    Keywords: Beaufort_Sea_coastNA; Beaufort Sea; Difference; Ice coverage; ICESUR; Ice survey; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Month; Season
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The future of coral reef ecosystems is under threat because vital reef-accreting species such as coralline algae are highly susceptible to ocean acidification. Although ocean acidification is known to reduce coralline algal growth rates, its direct effects on the development of coralline algal reproductive structures (conceptacles) is largely unknown. Furthermore, the long-term, multi-generational response of coralline algae to ocean acidification is extremely understudied. Here, we investigate how mean pH, pH variability and the pH regime experienced in their natural habitat affect coralline algal conceptacle abundance and size across six generations of exposure. We show that second-generation coralline algae exposed to ocean acidification treatments had conceptacle abundances 60% lower than those kept in present-day conditions, suggesting that conceptacle development is initially highly sensitive to ocean acidification. However, this negative effect of ocean acidification on conceptacle abundance disappears after three generations of exposure. Moreover, we show that this transgenerational acclimation of conceptacle development is not facilitated by a trade-off with reduced investment in growth, as higher conceptacle abundances are associated with crusts with faster growth rates. These results indicate that the potential reproductive output of coralline algae may be sustained under future ocean acidification.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Diameter; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Generation; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Hydrolithon reinboldii; Identification; Indian Ocean; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Number; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Origin; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Plantae; Recruit size; Registration number of species; Reproduction; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Shell_Island; Single species; Species; Tallon_Island; Temperature, water; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 21468 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification is perceived to be a major threat for many calcifying organisms, including scleractinian corals. Here we investigate (1) whether past exposure to low pH environments associated with CO2 vents could increase corals tolerance to low pH and (2) whether zooxanthellate corals are more tolerant to low pH than azooxanthellate corals. To test these hypotheses, two Mediterranean colonial corals Cladocora caespitosa (zooxanthellate) and Astroides calycularis (azooxanthellate) were collected from CO2 vents and reference sites and incubated in the laboratory under present-day (pH on the total scale, pHT 8.07) and low pH conditions (pHT 7.70). Rates of net calcification, dark respiration and photosynthesis were monitored during a six-month experiment. Monthly net calcification was assessed every 27 to 35 d using the buoyant weight technique, whereas light and dark net calcification was estimated using the alkalinity anomaly technique during 1 h incubations. Neither species showed any change in net calcification rates, respiration, and photosynthesis regardless of their environmental history, pH treatment and trophic strategy. Our results indicate that C. caespitosa and A. calycularis could tolerate future ocean acidification conditions for at least 6 months. These results will aid in predicting species' future responses to ocean acidification, and thus improve the management and conservation of Mediterranean corals.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Astroides calycularis; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate, standard error; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Cladocora caespitosa; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Origin; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Photosynthesis rate of oxygen, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Replicates; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard error; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 456 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Crustose coralline algae play a crucial role in the building of reefs in the photic zones of nearshore ecosystems globally, and are highly susceptible to ocean acidification. Nevertheless, the extent to which ecologically important crustose coralline algae can gain tolerance to ocean acidification over multiple generations of exposure is unknown. We show that, while calcification of juvenile crustose coralline algae is initially highly sensitive to ocean acidification, after six generations of exposure the effects of ocean acidification disappear. A reciprocal transplant experiment conducted on the seventh generation, where half of all replicates were interchanged across treatments, confirmed that they had acquired tolerance to low pH and not simply to laboratory conditions. Neither exposure to greater pH variability, nor chemical conditions within the micro-scale calcifying fluid internally, appeared to play a role in fostering this capacity. Our results demonstrate that reef-accreting taxa can gain tolerance to ocean acidification over multiple generations of exposure, suggesting that some of these cosmopolitan species could maintain their critical ecological role in reef formation.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Comment; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Event label; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Full width at half maximum; Generation; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Hydrolithon reinboldii; Identification; Indian Ocean; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Magnesium; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Plantae; Recruit size; Registration number of species; Reproduction; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Shell_Island; Single species; Site; Species; Tallon_Island; Temperature, water; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; δ11B
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12295 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification is a threat to the continued accretion of coral reefs, though some undergo daily fluctuations in pH exceeding declines predicted by 2100. We test whether exposure to greater pH variability enhances resistance to ocean acidification for the coral Goniopora sp. and coralline alga Hydrolithon reinboldii from two sites: one with low pH variability (less than 0.15 units daily; Shell Island) and a site with high pH variability (up to 1.4 pH units daily; Tallon Island). We grew populations of both species for more than 100 days under a combination of differing pH variability (high/low) and means (ambient pH 8.05/ocean acidification pH 7.65). Calcification rates of Goniopora sp. were unaffected by the examined variables. Calcification rates of H. reinboldii were significantly faster in Tallon than in Shell Island individuals, and Tallon Island individuals calcified faster in the high variability pH 8.05 treatment compared with all others. Geochemical proxies for carbonate chemistry within the calcifying fluid (cf) of both species indicated that only mean seawater pH influenced pHcf. pH treatments had no effect on proxies for Omega cf. These limited responses to extreme pH treatments demonstrate that some calcifying taxa may be capable of maintaining constant rates of calcification under ocean acidification by actively modifying Omega cf.
    Keywords: Acid-base regulation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Boron/Calcium ratio; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcifying fluid, aragonite saturation state; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Event label; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Full width at half maximum; Goniopora sp.; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Hydrolithon reinboldii; Indian Ocean; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Plantae; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Shell_Island; Single species; Site; Species; Tallon_Island; Temperature, water; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; δ11B
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10537 data points
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 17 (1978), S. 5248-5255 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 23 (1901), S. 789-796 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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