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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of vanadium biokinetics in three species of echinoderms (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 67 (1982), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Vanadium-48 (as vanadate) was used to study the uptake, tissue distribution, depuration and food-chain transfer of vanadium through 3 species of echinoderms: the seastar Marthasterias glacialis L., the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus Lmk. and the holothurian Holothuria forskali D.Ch.; all were collected from the littoral zone near Monaco. Uptake by all species was relativelyslow; after 3 wk exposure, isotopic equilibrium had not been reached and whole-body concentration factors ranged from 5 and 7 in the holothurian and sea urchin, respectively, to 18 in the seastar. Sixty-three to 77% of the incorporated radiotracer was associated with the body wall or test, suggesting surface sorption as the principal mechanism governing uptake from water. Stable vanadium measurements confirmed the preponderance of this element in the external hard parts of the echinoderms; however, concentration factors based on stable vanadium levels were significantly higher than those measured experimentally. Subsequent vanadium depuration rates were also species-dependent, with biological half-times for loss ranging from approximately 50 d in the sea urchin and holothurian to 123 d in the seastar. Food-chain transfer experiments indicated that seastars can assimilate and retain a large fraction of the vanadium ingested with food whereas sea urchins appear to lack this capability. The relative importance of the water and food input pathway in achieving vanadium levels in echinoderms is discussed in light of results of 48V distribution in experimental individuals and stable vanadium distribution in samples from the natural environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401278
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental study on vanadium transfer in the benthic fish Gobius minutus (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 114 (1992), S. 349-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The radiotracer vanadium-48 was used to examine accumulation, assimilation, tissue distribution and elimination of vanadium in the benthic fish Gobius minutus (Pallas). After 3 wk exposure to 48V in sea water, mean whole-body concentration factors were low (∼0.8). The tissue distribution of 48V indicated that 48V accumulated from water penetrates little into internal tissues, muscle or liver, and is preferentially fixed in tissues in direct contact with the sea water. Concentrations of stable vanadium in fishes collected during summer 1988 from the littoral zone near Monaco displayed the same trends. Vanadium accumulated directly from water is rapidly lost, as evidenced by a 19 d biological half-life of 48V. Likewise, assimilation of vanadium through the food-chain is low; only 2 to 3% of 48V ingested with prey is retained in the tissues of the goby. The results suggest that the relatively low vanadium toxicity observed in benthic fish by other investigators is a consequence of the low degree of uptake of this metal from food or water. The relative importance of uptake from food and from water to the vanadium levels in benthic fish is discussed in the light of the 48V distribution recorded in experimental individuals and the distribution of stable vanadium in similar samples from the natural environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350025
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration and distribution of heavy metals in tissues of two cephalopods, Eledone cirrhosa and Sepia officinalis, from the French coast of the English Channel (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 114 (1992), S. 407-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The concentrations of 11 heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) were measured in the tissues (digestive gland, branchial hearts, gills, digestive tract, kidney, genital tract, muscle, skin, shell) of the two cephalopods Eledone cirrhosa (d'Orb.) and Sepia officinalis (L.) collected from the French coast of the English Channel in October 1987. The tissues of both species displayed a similar pattern of heavy-metal accumulation: the digestive gland, branchial hearts and kidney were the major sites of concentration for all 11 metals; the digestive gland accumulated silver, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead and zinc, the branchial hearts high concentrations of copper, nickel and vanadium, and the kidney high concentrations of manganese, nickel and lead. The digestive gland, which constituted 6 to 10% of the whole-animal tissue, contained 〉80% of the total body burden of Ag, Cd and Co and from 40 to 80% of the total body burden of the other metals. The ratios between heavy metal concentrations in the digestive gland and those in the muscle separated the elements into three groups, those with a ratio ≤10 (Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn), those with a ratio 〉10 to 〈50 (Co, Cu, Fe), and those with a ratio ≥50 (Ag, Cd). The digestive gland of cephalopods (carnivorous molluscs whose age can be easily calculated with great accuracy) would seem to constitute a good potential indicator of heavy metal concentrations in the marine environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350031
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vanadium transfer in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (1980)
    Springer
    Marine biology 56 (1980), S. 281-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Radiotracers were used to study processes controlling the accumulation and elimination of vanadium in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Vanadium uptake rates varied inversely with both salinity and vanadium concentration in water, but were independent of temperature. After a 3 wk exposure to 48V, the highest concentration factors were found in the byssus (≈1900) with much lower values computed for shell (≈ 70) and soft tissues (≈5). More than 90% of the total 48V accumulated was fixed to shell, suggesting that uptake is primarily a result of surface sorption processes. Much of the vanadium in shell was firmly bound to the periostracum and was not easily removed by acid leaching. Food-chain experiments indicated that the assimilation coefficient for ingested vanadium is low (≈7%) and that the assimilated fraction is rapidly excreted from the mussel. These findings coupled with knowledge of in situ and experimentally-derived vanadium concentration-factors have allowed a preliminary assessment of the relative importance of the food and water pathways in the contamination of mussels under conditions of acute and chronic exposure. Contaminated mussels transferred to clean sea water lost 48V at rates that depended upon temperature but were largely unaffected by either salinity or by vanadium levels in mussel tissues. Total vanadium depuration was slow and was governed by loss from a slowly-exchanging compartment with a characteristic half-time of about 100 d. Individual mussel tissues were analyzed for stable vanadium and the possibility of using these tissues, particularly the byssus, as bioindicators of ambient vanadium levels in the marine environment is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386866
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and behaviour of transuranic elements in the physical and biological compartments of the channel french shore
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods In Physics Research 223 (1984), S. 502-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-5087
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5087(84)90699-9
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental impact of a salmonid farm on a well flushed marine site: II. Biosedimentology (2002)
    Berlin Germany : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of applied ichthyology 18 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An environmental monitoring study was carried out between 1993, 1995 on the site of a marine trout farm located in the Bay of Cherbourg (English Channel), France. The study dealt with the sea bottom and solid waste from the farm, and concerns the deposition rate, sediment analysis and chemistry (fine fraction 〈 63 μm, organic matter, carbon, nitrogen and trace metals such as Cu and Zn), bottom oxygen demand, benthic macrofauna, and underwater video surveying. The observed impact was very moderate and localised, and showed no real abnormality. This was mainly due to the strong hydrodynamics characterising the site. A separate phase of the same study dealt with dissolved waste and the water mass (Part One: Current and water quality).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00307.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High concentrations of some heavy metals in tissues of the mediterranean octopus (1980)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 24 (1980), S. 783-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01608189
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cadmium, copper and zinc in octopuses from Kerguelen Islands, Southern Indian Ocean (1998)
    Springer
    Polar biology 19 (1998), S. 264-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Concentrations of cadmium, copper and zinc were measured in 34 octopuses over a large range of size and weight, caught in the Kerguelen shelf waters. Compared with levels normally encountered in European cephalopods, Cd concentrations in both species were very high: 30.7–47.1 and 27.3–54.4 μg/g dry weight in Graneledone sp. and Benthoctopus thielei, respectively; Cu concentrations were generally low while Zn concentrations exhibited similar levels. Distribution of Cd in tissues showed that the high levels of Cd in Kerguelen octopuses resulted from very high levels of the metal in the digestive gland (369 and 215 μg/g dry wt in Graneledone sp. and Benthoctopus thielei, respectively). The digestive gland accumulated about 90% of the total Cd in the whole animal. Due to the very high concentrations of Cd in the Kerguelen octopuses, we hypothesize that these species play an important role in the process of Cd transfer throughout the food chain to top vertebrate predators in this area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050244
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  • 9
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    Sources et impacts potentiels des micropolluants chimiques sur un écosystème littoral exploité : l'exemple des côtes des Charente-Maritime (2003)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1155-4339
    Electronic ISSN: 1764-7177
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 10
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    Distribution and behaviour of transuranic elements in the physical and biological compartments of the channel french shore (1984)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0167-5087
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9606
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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