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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PRESSED TENDERLOIN STEAK QUALITY AS INFLUENCED BY ANATOMICAL LOCATION, STORAGE TIME AND INTERNAL TEMPERATURE PRIOR TO COOKING (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of steak location, storage time and precooking internal temperature upon steak quality were evaluated. Steaks from the anterior ends of the tenderloins were darker in color and displayed greater surface moisture than steaks from the posterior ends. Fresh-processed tenderloin steaks displayed more surface moisture than steaks from tenderloins stored 6 or 12 months. Warner-Bratzler shear values increased with storage. Steaks which were broiled starting at 1°C had less total thaw and cooking loss than steaks broiled frozen (-10°C) or thawed (24°C), but greater muscle separation occurred in thawed steaks. Palatability was not adversely affected by steak location, storage time or steak temperature prior to cooking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb14397.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF PORTION CONTROLLED TENDERLOIN STEAKS (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Steaks from mechanically pressed tenderloins and steaks from paired, unpressed control tenderloins from Good and Choice grade steers were studied. Pressing did not adversely affect overall quality of the tenderloin steaks; however, fibers of the pressed steaks were kinked and compacted when compared to control steaks. No differences in fiber breakage or in sarcomere length were noted. Fat, moisture, lean color, marbling texture, marbling amount, lean texture, lean firmness and moisture on the steak surface were similar in pressed and unpressed steaks, Panel scores for tenderness, juiciness and flavor and Warner-Bratzler shear values were also similar for pressed and unpressed steaks. Pressed steaks had greater cooking loss, but they were more uniform in size and shape than control steaks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb00688.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modes of Transmission of Whirling Disease of Trout (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 227 (1970), S. 622-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Apart from these widely recognized modes of transmission, no other possibilities have been considered seriously1. But Schaperclaus2 found myxosporidiari spores in the faeces of kingfishers at an infected hatchery and believed that the disease could be spread in this manner. His observations are ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/227622b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serological and histopathological responses of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, to experimental infection with the 13P2 reovirus (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 6 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Both fingerling and adult rainbow trout were given intraperitoneal inoculations of the 131P2 reovirus which did not result in mortalities but produced a subclinical disease in 56% of the adults and in 65% of the juvenile fish. Sera from virus infected adult trout contained virus neutralizing and precipitating antibodies and demonstrated immunofluorescence of antigen(s) specific for the 13P2 virus. Virus infection was characterized by increased virus titres and a multifocal reticulo-endothelial granulomatous hepatitis, occasionally accompanied by a fibrosing pancreatitis. Electron microscopy of infected liver tissues demonstrated arrays of 13P2 virus particles in a reticuloendothelial cell phagosome and in a hepatocyte lipid inclusion body from one of three juvenile fish examined. These results show that 13P2 virus inoculation of rainbow trout causes a non-virulent virus infection accompanied by specific humoral antibodies. These antibodies are sufficient in titre for use in future serologic studies of the virus. Further discussion regarding the pathogenesis of this virus in bluegills versus rainbow trout is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1983.tb00077.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental pathogenicity of reovirus 13p2 for juvenile American oysters Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin) and bluegill fingerlings Lepomis macrochirus (Rafinesque) (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 3 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A viral agent (13p2), isolated from clinically normal juvenile American oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and characterized as a new serotype of reovirus, was tested to determine if it could replicate and produce disease in experimental juvenile oysters. Because the virus replicated well in the bluegill fry (BF-2) fish cell line, fingerling bluegills Lepomis macrochirus were included in the pathogenicity experiments. Exposure of oysters to the 13p2 virus in ambient seawater resulted in no significant mortality and no increased virus titres or histological lesions. Virus particles were not observed in tissues of exposed oysters when examined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Intraperitoneal inoculation of the 13p2 virus into bluegills resulted in 44% mortality associated with a focal necrotic hepatitis. Evidence of virus replication, when evaluated histological or by virus titration, was observed in 94% of 32 inoculated fish. Samples of infected livers examined with TEM revealed typical cytoplasmic arrays of 13p2 virus particles in affected hepatocytes. Rising virus titres and hepatic lesions also occurred in bluegills exposed to water containing the 13p2 virus. These results indicated the natural host of the 13p2 virus was not the American oyster, but that it was a significant pathogen for at least one fish species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1980.tb00443.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary studies on a chlamydial agent in the digestive diverticular epithelium of hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) from Great South Bay, New York (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 2 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The prevalence of a chlamydial infection in hatchery-reared adult hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York was relatively high and seasonally stable. Infection occurred early in life while juvenile clams were still within the hatchery. Fluorescent antibody tests suggested that the clam agent shares the group antigen specific for chlamydia, but to a lesser degree than a known chlamydial strain used as a positive control. The method of Gimenez failed to stain elementary bodies in clam cell inclusion bodies. Based on the observations of this study, the inclusion body agent in the hard clam differs from known strains of chlamydia. Characterization of the clam chlamydia must await the successful propagation of the agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1979.tb00157.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First report of viral erythrocytic necrosis in Alaska, USA, associated with epizootic mortality in Pacific herring, Clupea harengus pallasi (Valenciennes) (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) has been associated with large epizootics and high mortality in Pacific herring, Clupea harengus pallasi (Valenciennes), from two different locations in south-eastern Alaska, USA. Clinical signs of disease included whirling, pale gills, watery colourless blood, discoloured livers, pathog-nomonic magenta erythrocytic inclusion bodies and histopathological changes consistent with other infectious haemolytic anaemias in higher animals. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of iridovirus-type particles associated with the cytoplasmic erythrocytic inclusion bodies. Other apparently healthy herring of various age classes from four additional areas in south-east Alaska also had clinical signs of VEN suggesting a wide distribution of the virus in Alaskan Pacific herring populations. Evidence regarding the two herring epizootics indicated that osmoregulatory stress may have precipitated mortalities in fish having severe anaemia caused by the VEN virus. This is the first reported occurrence of VEN in Alaska and the first natural epizootic known to be associated with the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1986.tb01045.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic glomerulonephritis in returning fall chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), from the Rogue River, Oregon (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Epizootic mortalities of returning adult Rogue River fall chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), were first observed in 1978. These mortalities reached approximately 76% in 1979 and declined to 30--50% in 1980 and less than 10% in 1981 and 1982. Histopathological examination of kidneys from moribund returns in 1981 and 1982 showed a diffuse chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) in 83% and 30% of the fish examined, respectively. In most cases glomerular damage was severe enough to cause morbidity from osmoregulatory failure. The lesion was markedly similar to immune complex-mediated glomerular disease in higher vertebrates, but tissues for further ultrastructural examination and diagnosis were not processed. Giemsa-stained sections also revealed unidentified sporozoan-like vegetative stages encysted within the extracellular mesangial matrix of glomeruli in both GN and normal kidneys. Although probably incidental to the glomerular lesion, the causal relationship of the organism to GN remains unknown until further investigation. Glomeruli of outmigrating Rogue River fall chinook salmon smolts collected in 1983 were normal and free of the organism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1985.tb01274.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathology of four spontaneous neoplasms in three species of salmonid fishes (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 6 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Gross and histological descriptions of four different spontaneous neoplasms in three species of salmonid fishes are provided: thymic lymphoma and dermal fibrosarcoma, respectively, in two artificially reared sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum); renal papilliferous cystadenoma in a wild caught chinook salmon, O. tshawytscha (Walbaum); capillary haemangioma of the dermis in an artificially reared rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. The frequency of occurrence of these and related tumour types, as reported in the literature, are compared in salmonid and non-salmonid fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1983.tb00103.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HNO3 deposition to a deciduous forest (1989)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 49 (1989), S. 395-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The deposition velocity (V d) of nitric acid vapor over a fully leafed deciduous forest was estimated using flux/gradient theory. HNO3 deposition velocities ranged from 2.2 to 6.0cm/s with a mean V don the order of 4.0cms-1. Estimates of V dfrom a detailed canopy turbulence model gave deposition velocities of similar magnitude. The model was used to investigate the sensitivity of V dto the leaf boundary-layer resistance and leaf area index (LAI). Although modeled deposition velocities were found to be sensitive to the parameterization of the leaf boundary-layer resistance, they were less sensitive to the LAI. Modeled V d's were found to peak at LAI = 7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00123651
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