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  • 1
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    In:  EPIC3The Ocean Carbon Cycle at a Time of Change: Synthesis and Vulnerabilities, 14-16 September 2011, UNESCO, Paris, France
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-01-18
    Description: The North Atlantic Basin is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) due in part to the extensive plankton blooms which form there supported by nutrients supplied by the three-dimensional ocean circulation. Hence, changes in ocean circulation and/or stratification may influence primary production and biological carbon export. In this study, we assess this possibility by evaluating inorganic nutrient budgets for 2004 and 2010 in the North Atlantic based on observations from the transatlantic A05-24.5°N and the Greenland-Portugal OVIDE hydrographic sections, to which we applied a box inverse model to solve the circulation and estimate the across-section nutrient transports. Full water column nutrient budgets were split into upper and lower meridional overturning circulation (MOC) limbs. According to our results, anomalous circulation in early 2010, linked to extreme negative NAO conditions, led to an enhanced northward advection of more nutrient-rich waters by the upper overturning limb, which resulted in a significant nitrate and phosphate convergence north of 24.5°N. Combined with heaving of the isopycnals, this anomalous circulation event in 2010 favored an enhancement of the nutrient consumption (5.7 ± 4.1 kmol-P s−1) and associated biological CO2 uptake (0.25 ± 0.18 Pg-C yr−1, upper-bound estimate), which represents a 50% of the mean annual sea–air CO2 flux in the region. Our results also suggest a transient state of deep silicate divergence in both years. Both results are indicative of a MOC-driven modulation of the biological carbon uptake (by the upper MOC limb) and nutrient inventories (by the lower MOC limb) in the North Atlantic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 115 (1993), S. 2696-2706 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Oceanography: general (climate and interannual variability) ; Oceanography: physical (general circulation; remote sensing)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mean dynamic topography of the surface of the North Atlantic is estimated using an inverse model of the ocean circulation constrained by hydro-graphic and altimetric observations. In the North Atlantic, altimetric observations have no significant impact on the topography estimate because of the limited precision of available geoid height models. They have a significant impact, however, when uncertainties in the density field are increased to simulate interpolation errors in regions where hydrographic data are scarce. This result, which moderates the conclusion drawn by Ganachaud and co-workers of no significant contribution of altimetric observations to the determination of the large-scale steady circulation, reflects the simple idea that altimetric data are most useful near the surface of the ocean and in areas where the hydrography is poorly determined. One application of the present inverse estimate of the mean dynamic topography is to compute a geoid height correction over the North Atlantic which reduces the uncertainty in the geoid height expanded to spherical harmonic 40 down to a level of about 5 cm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 46 (1985), S. 1025-1029 
    ISSN: 0022-3697
    Keywords: EXAFS ; layer system ; partial disorder ; vacancies
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The long-term effects of different nitrogen sources on the endogenous IAA and cytokinin levels in two bromeliad species were investigated. In nature, Vriesea philippocoburgii is a tank-forming epiphytic bromeliad which uses the tank water reservoir as a substitute for soil, whereas Tillandsia pohliana is a tankless atmospheric epiphytic species. A culture was established from seeds germinated in aseptic condictions, and the plantlets were grown for 6 months in a modified Knudson medium to which was added 8 mol m−3 of nitrogen in the form of NO3−, NH4+ or urea. The hormonal contents of the bromeliad shoots were determined by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), isopentenyladenine (iP), isopentenyladenosine ([9R]iP), zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside ([9R]Z). Nitrogen supplied in the form of urea gave the highest values of fresh and dry weights for both species, and this was positively correlated to IAA levels. The cytokinin patterns showed that isopentenyladenosine was the predominant form for both species in all samples. However, urea induced the highest level of this riboside form and also the highest level of total cytokinins for V. philippocoburgii, while NH4+ had the same effect on the atmospheric species. These results are discussed in terms of the different growth habits of these two species in nature. It is suggested that urea may be an important source of nitrogen often found inside the tank of V. philippocoburgii. NO3− treatment increased the IAA/Cks balance, mainly for V. philippocoburgii, while urea and NH4+ shifted this ratio in favour of cytokinins, thus apparently inhibiting root development in both species.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 61-63 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 18 (1999), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Keywords: Key Words.Tillandsia recurvata—Bromeliad—Auxins—Cytokinins—Plant development—Hormonal levels—Phenology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Major changes in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinin (CK) levels occur at different phenological phases of Tillandsia recurvata shoots. This epiphytic rootless bromeliad was chosen as suitable material for hormonal analysis because CK synthesis is restricted to the shoots, thus avoiding problems in the interpretation of results caused by translocation and interconversion of CK forms between roots and leaves encountered in plants with both organs. Young plants of T. recurvata have weak apical dominance because side shoots appeared early in development, and branch growth was correlated with a strong increase in the level of zeatin. The flowering phase was characterized by a significant increase in free base CKs, zeatin, and isopentenyladenine compared with the levels found in adult vegetative shoots. In contrast, both free-base CKs declined in the fruiting phenological phase, and the IAA level increased dramatically. It was concluded that in phases characterized by intense organ formation, such as in the juvenile and flowering stages, there was an enhancement of CK content, mainly caused by zeatin, leading to a lower IAA/CK ratio. Higher ratios were correlated with phases that showed no organogenesis, such as adult and fruiting phenologies.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 28 (1992), S. 249-254 
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: callus ; Gomphrena officinalis ; medicinal plant ; plant regeneration ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Leaf and stem segments of Gomphrena officinalis originated from aseptically grown seedlings were used to initiate cultures. Callus production was obtained on gelled Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine alone (1.0, 5.0 or 10.0 mgl-1) or combined with α-naphthalene acetic acid (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mgl-1) after 10 to 15 days of culture, and can be transferred to fresh medium every 30 days. The combinations of 5.0 or 10.0 mgl-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine with 0.1 mgl-1 of α-naphthalene acetic acid were found to be the best for shoot regeneration. Adventitious shoot formation occurred after 50 to 60 days of culture in leaf and internode stem explants. Nodal segments developed actively growing lateral buds after 30 days of culture. Gelled Murashige & Skoog medium containing 10 mgl-1 of indole-3-butyric acid was considered optimal for the rooting of shoots. Rooted plants transferred to potting soil could be successfully established.
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