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  • 1
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    Increasing efficiency of braking control algorithm for a two-wheeled motorcycle (2020)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-07
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the sample volume splitting in heavy ion-beam probing (HIBP) for spherical tokamaks (by the example of HIBP for mega ampere spherical tokamak) (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1402-1406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Here, we propose the heavy ion-beam probing (HIBP) project for the mega ampere spherical tokamak (MAST) to establish systematic research of the radial electric field as an idea to investigate both the reactor-related physics (H mode and advanced tokamak mode with reversed shear) and basic plasma physics (the nature of anomalous transport). The calculations of the probing beam trajectories made for typical MAST parameters: B0=0.6 T, Ipl=1 MA, and Cs+ probing ions show the applicability of HIBP for the spherical torus MAST with energy of about a few hundred keV. The detector line connecting the center and the edge of the plasma allows us to obtain a radial profile by variation of the energy shot by shot. A detector line of equal energy E=110 keV allows us to get a series of profiles in the internal part of the plasma 0〈ρ〈0.4 during a single shot by a fast scan of the injection angle. The effect of splitting of the sample volume due to the intersection of the secondary fan in a rapidly decreasing toroidal magnetic field of the spherical tokamak was observed: two sample volumes can appear instead of the conventional one. It changes the principles of HIBP: the notion of a detector grid became more general and a new problem appears: how to separate the signals coming from different sample volumes. Using this effect we can spread the detector grid and observe the outer part of the plasma, 0.4〈ρ〈1. It was shown that these two parts can be united and the total plasma profile can be observed in one shot. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149628
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical and optical properties of light-emitting p–i–n diodes on diamond (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 6127-6134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrical and optical properties of light-emitting p–i–n diodes made on natural and synthetic single-crystal diamonds were studied at temperatures up to 500 °C. The diodes were fabricated by boron (p-type doping) and lithium or phosphorous (n-type doping) ion implantation in the form of two adjacent p- and n-type areas separated by an undoped i gap of a width varying from 2 to 200 μm. The current–voltage characteristics of the diodes showed typical rectifying behavior. Onset of the forward current is accompanied by electroluminescence (EL) and occurred at a certain voltage depending on the width of the i base and the type of the diamond substrate. At the onset voltage a current-controlled negative resistance regime was observed. Comparison of the electrical characteristics of the diodes with the optical properties of the corresponding diamond substrates revealed that in diamonds with nitrogen content over 5×1017 cm−3 the nitrogen defects are the major recombination centers affecting the carrier lifetime. EL of the A band, the nickel related 484 nm center, and the nitrogen related H3 and 575 nm centers, were excited in the diodes. The H3 and 575 nm centers retained considerable emitting intensity at temperatures as high as 500 °C. EL of the 484 nm center was possible to observe up to a temperature of 400 °C. EL of the A band was quenched rapidly with temperature and it disappears at above 200 °C. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368880
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical methods of magnetic islands identification in T-10 Tokamak (abstract) (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 504-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Statistical analysis of noisy and regular components of the radial profiles of the electron temperature, measured with Thomson scattering in the T-10 tokamak have been performed. It was shown that the noise variance in the middle part of the profile is independent on the radius. That allowed to unite the homogeneous data into a large sample with a good statistic, and to show that the noise has a normal distribution. The regular component, extracted with nonlinear regression analysis, is consistent with monotonic part and magnetic islands. In the studied regime (B=1.5 T, I=135 kA, n¯e=1.9–2.7×1019 m−3) the islands (q=2) were identified with a high probability. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146331
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimized heavy ion beam probing for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 951-954 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The international workgroup developed the conceptual design of a heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) diagnostics for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), which is intended for measurements of the plasma potential profile in a gradient area. Now we optimized it by the accurate analysis of the probing trajectories and variation of positions of the injection and detection points. Optimization allows us to reduce the energy of Tl+ beam from 5.6 to 3.4 MeV for standard ITER regime. The detector line starting at the plasma edge towards the center can get an outer part of the horizontal radial potential profile by variation of the energy. The observed radial interval is slightly increased up to 0.76〈ρ〈1 with respect to initial version 0.8〈ρ〈1, that allows to cover the region of the density gradient more reliably. Almost double reduction of the beam energy is a critical point. Thus we can significantly decrease the sizes of the accelerator and energy analyzer, the cost of the equipment, and impact of the diagnostics to the machine. Therefore the optimized HIBP design can be realized in ITER. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149472
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of heavy ion beam probe diagnostics (abstract) : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 320-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The results of the activity of Kharkov and Moscow joint HIBP group during recent years are presented in this report. The mathematical aspects of the diagnostics are discussed more specifically. The HIBP diagnostics need the preliminary trajectory calculations to find the probing pattern, which is possible to realize the plasma facility, and to determine the compatibility between the device and diagnostics. The idea is to receive as much information as possible (that means to cover the maximal plasma cross section by the detector grid) leads to the formulation of the HIBP optimization problem. The properties of this multidimensional optimization problem are discussed and the examples of its solution (HIBP projects for a large number of facilities) are presented. The processing of the experimental data is discussed mainly from the point of view of the formulation of the mathematical problems, the sensitivity and the clearance of the integral operational relations between the plasma parameters to be found, and the measured beam properties. The computational aspects and the results of numerical tests and treatment of the experimental data are discussed for the problems of the electric field, plasma density, and current distribution determination. The common feature of the integral operators containing the specific parts for describing the secondary ionization point in the plasma is emphasized and their regularizing properties are discussed. The probing apparatus used for measurements of the plasma electric potential, density, and current are described. Some results of recent measurements are discussed and the newest data obtained on T-10 tokamak are presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146398
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibration of the heavy ion beam probe parallel plate analyzer using the gas target and reference beam : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 308-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The most important and difficult problem in heavy ion beam probe diagnostics is the absolute measurement of the plasma potential. The analyzer that measures the energy of the secondary ions must be perfectly calibrated. The accuracy necessary should be at least 10−4. We used two methods of calibration: in situ using the gas target, and in vitro using the reference beam. Calibration allows one to obtain the gain G and dynamic coefficient F of the analyzer. We developed a procedure of fast calibration that uses the dynamic curve Ub/Ua(δi), where Ub and Ua correspond to the accelerating voltage of the beam and the voltage on the analyzer, and δi is a normalized difference of currents on the plates. The analyzer used on the T-10 tokamak was calibrated by both methods. Results of both calibrations are in a reasonable agreement at the moderate values of the entrance angle. The nonideal effects caused by ionization of the gas target and asymmetric secondary electron exchange are considered. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147856
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy ion beam probe systems for tight aspect ratio tokamaks : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 316-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We discuss the specific features of the application of heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) systems to tight aspect ratio tokamaks. We present and compare the HIBP projects for the TUMAN-3, GLOBUS, and COMPASS, where the inner part of the plasma is not available for regular chord diagnostics, so the HIBP becomes very desirable. All existing tight aspect ratio facilities and projects have a low (less than 1.9 T) toroidal field that requires a comparatively low beam energy range. The natural elongation and triangularity in tight aspect ratio tokamaks require an accurate calculation of the three-dimensional magnetic field for probing optimization. In comparison with traditional tokamaks, the detector grids have a wider energy interval. In general, the trajectories and detector grids for tight aspect ratio tokamaks become similar to the stellarator ones. Traditional and new probing schemes are suggested and discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147859
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIBP diagnostics on T-10 (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 317-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A heavy ion beam probe diagnostic was installed on T-10 tokamak. Cs+ and Tl+ beams with the energy 100–280 keV and intensity about a few dozen μA were used. The diagnostic is able to make two-dimensional measurements of plasma parameters along the detector line. The detector grid covered the first quadrant of the plasma cross section. The measurements are possible with r/a=0.3–1, and ω=0°–90° for B=1.5 T and Cs+ ions. High-voltage stabilizers keep the analyzer and accelerator voltage drift on the level ΔU/U∼10−5. An absolute in situ calibration of the energy analyzer, using He target will allow to make a more accurate absolute referencing of the potential. The time dependence of the local plasma parameters was obtained. A scan along the detector line by variation of injection angle and obtaining the whole profile during one pulse is possible. The diagnostic is also sensitive to poloidal magnetic field. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146427
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Second harmonic generation and atomic-force microscopy studies of porous silicon (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 1191-1193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structural properties of porous silicon were studied with atomic-force microscopy (AFM) and optical second harmonic generation (SHG). Depending on etching conditions, the SHG response was observed to be either anisotropic, showing C2v symmetry, or isotropic. This correlated with AFM observations of quasi ordered structures in the first case. The Si etching process was studied by in situ SHG measurements. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115003
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