ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: The concept of hydrologic connectivity summarizes all flow processes that link separate regions of a landscape. As such, it is a central theme in the field of catchment hydrology, with influence on neighboring disciplines such as ecology and geomorphology. It is widely acknowledged to be an important key in understanding the response behavior of a catchment and has at the same time inspired research on internal processes over a broad range of scales. From this process-hydrological point of view, hydrological connectivity is the conceptual framework to link local observations across space and scales. This is the context in which the four studies this thesis comprises of were conducted. The focus was on structures and their spatial organization as important control on preferential subsurface flow. Each experiment covered a part of the conceptualized flow path from hillslopes to the stream: soil profile, hillslope, riparian zone, and stream. For each study site, the most characteristic structures of the investigated domain and scale, such as slope deposits and peat layers were identified based on preliminary or previous investigations or literature reviews. Additionally, further structural data was collected and topographical analyses were carried out. [...]

Description / Table of Contents: It has long been suggested that there is a causal link between volcanic activity and Quaternary environmental change. Earlier work pointed to the volcanic activity driving large-scale Quaternary glacial fluctuations. However, a growing body of evidence lends weight to the converse view that Quaternary environmental changes resulted in increased volcanic activity. Using tephra layers as chronological horizons, researchers have begun to suggest that these volcanic events may have produced not only short-term climate changes but also variations in regional vegetation patterns and in the distribution of society. A full understanding of the complex interaction between volcanic activity and Quaternary environmental change requires the collaboration of both volcanologists and Quaternary scientists. Volcanoes in the Quaternary brings together papers from workers in both fields and reflects the diversity of current research. The papers are grouped geographically and focus on New Zealand’s North Island, the East African Rift Valley, the Mediterranean and Iceland. They cover the determination of eruptive chronologies, discuss the impacts on local vegetation and society, outline the importance of tephrostratigraphic records and provide detailed studies of hazard assessment.

Description / Table of Contents: Preface / Iain Stewart / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, vii-ix, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.01 --- Creation and destruction of travertine monumental stone by earthquake faulting at Hierapolis, Turkey / P. L. Hancock, R. M. L. Chalmers, E. Altunel, Z. Çakir and A. Becher-Hancock / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 1-14, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.02 --- Uses of volcanic products in antiquity / D. R. Griffiths / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 15-23, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.03 --- The advent of archaeoseismology in the Mediterranean / R. E. Jones and S. C. Stiros / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 25-32, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.04 --- A critical reappraisal of the classical texts and archaeological evidence for earthquakes in the Atalanti region, central mainland Greece / Victoria Buck and Iain Stewart / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 33-44, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.05 --- Aims and methods in territorial archaeology: possible clues to a strong fourth-century AD earthquake in the Straits of Messina (southern Italy) / Emanuela Guidoboni, Anna Muggia and Gianluca Valensise / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 45-70, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.06 --- Santorini (Greece) before the Minoan eruption: a reconstruction of the ring-island, natural resources and clay deposits from the Akrotiri excavation / Walter L. Friedrich, Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz and Ole Bjørslev Nielsen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 71-80, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.07 --- The eruption of the Santorini volcano and its effects on Minoan Crete / Jan Driessen and Colin F. MacDonald / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 81-93, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.08 --- Late Minoan IB marine ware, the marine environment of the Aegean, and the Bronze Age eruption of the Thera volcano / Peter Bicknell / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 95-103, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.09 --- Ground-penetrating radar mapping of Minoan volcanic deposits and the Late Bronze Age palaeotopography, Thera, Greece / James K. Russell and Mark V. Stasiuk / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 105-121, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.10 --- Precursory phenomena and destructive events related to the Late Bronze Age Minoan (Thera, Greece) and AD 79 (Vesuvius, Italy) Plinian eruptions; inferences from the stratigraphy in the archaeological areas / Raffaello Cioni, Lucia Gurioli, Alessandro Sbrana and Georges Vougioukalakis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 123-141, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.11 --- A geographical information system for the archaeological area of Pompeii / M. T. Pareschi, G. Stefani, A. Varone, L. Cavarra, F. Giannini and A. Meriggi / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 143-158, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.12 --- Apulian Bronze Age pottery as a long-distance indicator of the Avellino Pumice eruption (Vesuvius, Italy) / Raffaello Cioni, Sara Levi and Roberto Sulpizio / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 159-177, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.13 --- Human response to Etna volcano during the classical period / D. K. Chester, A. M. Duncan, J. E. Guest, P. A. Johnston and J. J. L. Smolenaars / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 179-188, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.14 --- The Johnston-Lavis collection: a unique record of Italian volcanism / W. L. Kirk, R. Siddall and S. Stead / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 189-194, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.15 --- The archaeology of a Plinian eruption of the Popocatépetl volcano / Patricia Plunket and Gabriela Uruñuela / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 195-203, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.16 --- Timing of the prehistoric eruption of Xitle Volcano and the abandonment of Cuicuilco Pyramid, Southern Basin of Mexico / Silvia Gonzalez, Alejandro Pastrana, Claus Siebe and Geoff Duller / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 205-224, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.17 --- Volcanic disasters and cultural discontinuities in Holocene time, in West New Britain, Papua New Guinea / Robin Torrence, Christina Pavlides, Peter Jackson and John Webb / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 225-244, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.18 --- Tephrochronology of the Brooks River Archaeological District, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska: what can and cannot be done with tephra deposits / James R. Riehle, Don. E. Dumond, Charles E. Meyer and Jeanne M. Schaaf / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 245-266, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.19 --- Endemic stress, farming communities and the influence of Icelandic volcanic eruptions in the Scottish Highlands / R. A. Dodgshon, D. D. Gilbertson and J. P. Grattan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 267-280, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.20 --- Comparison and cross-checking of historical, archaeological and geological evidence for the location and type of historical and sub-historical eruptions of multiple-vent oceanic island volcanoes / S. J. Day, J. C. Carracedo, H. Guillou, F. J. Pais Pais, E. Rodriguez Badiola, J. F. B. D. Fonseca and S. I. N. Heleno / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 281-306, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.21 --- ‘A fire spitting volcano in our dear Germany’: documentary evidence for a low-intensity volcanic eruption of the Gleichberg in 1783? / J. P. Grattan, D. D. Gilbertson and A. Dill / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 307-315, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.22 --- Volcanic soils: their nature and significance for archaeology / Peter James, David Chester and Angus Duncan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 317-338, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.23 --- The use of volcaniclastic material in Roman hydraulic concretes: a brief review / Ruth Siddall / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 339-344, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.24 --- Olmec stone sculpture: selection criteria for basalt / Patrick Hunt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 345-353, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.25 --- Seismic and volcanic hazards affecting the vulnerability of the Sana’a area of Yemen / Richard Hughes and Adrian Collings / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 355-372, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.26 --- Archaeological, geomorphological and geological evidence for a major earthquake at Sagalassos (SW Turkey) around the middle of the seventh century AD / Marc Waelkens, Manuel Sintubin, Philippe Muchez and Etienne Paulissen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 373-383, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.27 --- Fault pattern of Nisyros Island volcano (Aegean Sea, Greece): structural, coastal and archaeological evidence / Stathis C. Stiros / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 385-397, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.28 --- The geological origins of the oracle at Delphi, Greece / J. Z. De Boer and J. R. Hale / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 399-412, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.29

Description / Table of Contents: Preface / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:vii-viii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.01 --- New Zealand, North Island Volcanic Province --- John Cassidy, Corinne A. Locke, Craig A. Miller, and David J. Rout: The Auckland volcanic field, New Zealand: geophysical evidence for its eruption history / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:1-10, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.02 --- Teresa M. Giles, Rewi M. Newnham, David J. Lowe, and Adam J. Munro: Impact of tephra fall and environmental change: a 1000 year record from Matakana Island, Bay of Plenty, North Island, New Zealand / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:11-26, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.03 --- Rewi M. Newnham, David J. Lowe, and Brent V. Alloway: Volcanic hazards in Auckland, New Zealand: a preliminary assessment of the threat posed by central North Island silicic volcanism based on the Quaternary tephrostratigraphical record / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:27-45, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.04 --- East African Rift Valley and the Mediterranean --- Stuart C. Scott and Ian P. Skilling: The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:47-67, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05 --- J. C. Hardiman: Deep sea tephra from Nisyros Island, eastern Aegean Sea, Greece / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:69-88, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.06 --- S. Vinciguerra, S. Garozzo, A. Montalto, and G. Patanè: Eruptive and seismic activity at Etna Volcano (Italy) between 1977 and 1991 / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:89-107, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.07 --- Late Quaternary eruptions in Iceland --- John Grattan, David Gilbertson, and Daniel Charman: Modelling the impact of Icelandic volcanic eruptions upon the prehistoric societies and environment of northern and western Britain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:109-124, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.08 --- Silvia Gonzalez, Jennifer M. Jones, and David L. Williams: Characterization of tephras using magnetic properties: an example from SE Iceland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:125-145, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.09 --- Daniel J. Charman and John Grattan: An assessment of discriminant function analysis in the identification and correlation of distal Icelandic tephras in the British Isles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:147-160, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.10 --- John Grattan and Jon Sadler: Regional warming of the lower atmosphere in the wake of volcanic eruptions: the role of the Laki fissure eruption in the hot summer of 1783 / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:161-171, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.11 --- Mark Brayshay and John Grattan: Environmental and social responses in Europe to the 1783 eruption of the Laki fissure volcano in Iceland: a consideration of contemporary documentary evidence / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:173-187, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.12 --- Hazard Assessment --- David K. Chester, Christopher Dibben, Rui Coutinho, Angus M. Duncan, Paul D. Cole, John E. Guest, and Peter J. Baxter: Human adjustments and social vulnerability to volcanic hazards: the case of Furnas Volcano, São Miguel, Açores / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:189-207, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.13 --- M. C. Solana and A. Aparicio: Reconstruction of the 1706 Montaña Negra eruption. Emergency procedures for Garachico and El Tanque, Tenerife, Canary Islands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161:209-216, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.14