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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture and fracture toughness of stoichiometric MgAl2O4 crystals at room temperature (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 1353-1360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fracture toughness and path of stoichiometric spinel (MgAl2O4) crystals were determined at 22 °C for key low-index planes by double cantilever beam, as well as fractography of flexure specimens failing from either machining or indentation flaws. These results are compared with other single and polycrystalline MgAl2O4 fracture toughness values measured by various techniques, as well as single crystal versus polycrystal results for other materials. Evaluation of experimental and theoretical results shows (1) the fracture toughness of the spinel {110} plane is only a limited amount (e.g. 6%) higher than for the {100} plane (∼1.2 MPa m1/2), (2) fractography of machining flaw fracture origins was the most effective source of K IC results, and (3) caution must be used in applying fracture toughness techniques to single crystals. Cautions include accounting for possible effects of elastic anisotropy (especially for double cantilever beam and probably double torsion tests), the nature of failure-initiating flaws (especially for notch-beam tests), and the frequent lack of symmetric plastic deformation and fracture (especially for indentation techniques).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353117
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow crack growth in Si3N4 at room temperature (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 6467-6472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Tests of Si3N4 hot pressed with various types and levels of oxide additives show evidence of room temperature slow crack growth in delayed failure tests (using natural flaws), but not in fracture mechanics (e.g. DCB or DT) tests consistent with more limited literature data for these two types of tests. Neither type of test showed slow crack growth in either CVD Si3N4 or RSSN. Further the fracture mode in the latter two materials was essentially all transgranular, while it was predominantly (e.g. 80%) intergranular in the hot-pressed materials. It was thus postulated that (1) the oxide grain boundary phase is responsible for slow crack growth and; (2) varying distribution of the oxide boundary phase and grain boundary character result in sufficient boundaries not susceptible to slow crack growth to pin cracks with macroscopic crack lengths (i.e. as in DCB and DT tests). Both the much smaller crack front lengths and the large number of small (natural, e.g. machining) flaws allows some of these small flaws to grow to critical size, thus leading to delayed failure in the hot-pressed materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02387831
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strength and toughness of jade and related natural fibrous materials (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 25 (1990), S. 2170-2174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Room temperature mechanical properties measured for natural fibrous “jade” materials with random fibre orientations were similar to strengths (e.g. ∼ 100 MPa) and toughnesses,K IC, (e.g. ∼3M Pa m1/2) in other studies. However, nearly three- and five-fold higher values were found respectively for strength and fracture toughness of “jade” with highly aligned fibres for crack propagation perpendicular to the fibres. Further, the results indicate significantly higher strength and toughness with decreasing fibre diameter and increasing aspect ratio, and an accompanying increase in intrafibre fracture. However, failure was predominantly catastrophic in character for all fibre orientations, indicating some material (i.e. matrix) is necessary for non-catastrophic failure as found in fibre composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045784
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow crack growth in Si3N4 at room temperature (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 6467-6472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Tests of Si3N4 hot pressed with various types and levels of oxide additives show evidence of room temperature slow crack growth in delayed failure tests (using natural flaws), but not in fracture mechanics (e.g. DCB or DT) tests consistent with more limited literature data for these two types of tests. Neither type of test showed slow crack growth in either CVD Si3N4 or RSSN. Further the fracture mode in the latter two materials was essentially all transgranular, while it was predominantly (e.g. 80%) intergranular in the hot-pressed materials. It was thus postulated that (1) the oxide grain boundary phase is responsible for slow crack growth and; (2) varying distribution of the oxide boundary phase and grain boundary character result in sufficient boundaries not susceptible to slow crack growth to pin cracks with macroscopic crack lengths (i.e. as in DCB and DT tests). Both the much smaller crack front lengths and the large number of small (natural, e.g. machining) flaws allows some of these small flaws to grow to critical size, thus leading to delayed failure in the hot-pressed materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00551898
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure prediction of the thermal fatigue resistance of a glass (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1976), S. 458-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal fatigue behaviour of circular rods of soda-lime-silica glass subjected to a water quench was predicted from data for the rate of slow crack growth as a function of stress intensity factor, the pertinent physical properties, the initial crack depth as well as the heat transfer environment. A numerical integration technique was developed in order to calculate the total extent of slow crack growth for each cycle over the total duration of the transient thermal stress and temperature, as well as the total number of cycles required for catastrophic failure to occur. Good agreement between the predicted and experimental data was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540926
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation weight gain and strength degradation of Si3 N4 with various additives (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 16 (1981), S. 3099-3104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Oxidation behaviour and strength degradation, due to long-term high temperature exposure in air, of Si3N4 with MgO, ZrO2 or Y2O3, as densification aids have been studied. It was found that the weight change and strength degradation in the specimens depend largely on the kind of densification aid. Strength degradation, which generally occurred and was greatest at higher additive levels, was related to the generation of pits in the specimen surface. Possible mechanisms for pit formation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540318
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture energy of Si3N4 (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 1392-1406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fracture energy of Si3N4 made by hot pressing, reaction sintering, and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) was studied. Extrapolation of fracture energies to zero additive or porosity levels, as well as analysis of CVD Si3N4 all indicate an intrinsic fracture energy of 20–30J m−2. Higher fracture energies in dense bodies with increasing additive content, or in some more porous bodies (relative to expected porosity dependence) are associated with crack branching. In dense bodies such branching may arise due to micro-cracking from combined effects of crack tip stresses and mismatch stresses due to differences in properties, especially thermal expansion, between Si3N4 and the additive or its reaction products. In porous bodies such branching appears to be due to spatial distribution of pores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01026337
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zig-zag crack propagation in MgAl2O4 crystals (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 14 (1995), S. 474-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665906
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual stresses and scaling CNTD SiC to larger sizes (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 1 (1982), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00730948
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  • 10
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    Fracture and fracture toughness of stoichiometric MgAl2O4 crystals at room temperature (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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