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Paleo‐Hydrogeological Modeling to Understand Present‐Day Groundwater Salinities in a Low‐Lying Coastal Groundwater System (Northwestern Germany) (2023)

Seibert, Stephan L. ; Greskowiak, Janek ; Bungenstock, Friederike ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2023-06-21

Description: Groundwater abstraction and drainage are considered to be the main drivers for the salinization of low‐lying coastal groundwater systems, while the role of past boundary conditions is less clear. In this study, 3‐D paleo‐hydrogeological variable‐density groundwater flow and salt transport modeling (“paleo‐modeling”) is applied to reconstruct the evolution of groundwater salinities during the Holocene, that is, the last 9,000 years, in Northwestern Germany. Novel aspects of this study include the consideration of highly resolved time‐variant boundary conditions in a 3‐D paleo‐modeling framework, for example, sea‐level rise, surface elevation and coastline changes, development of drainage networks and groundwater abstraction, as well as the quantification of isolated processes impacting salinization. Results show that salinization was a function of sea‐level rise from 9000 BP until 1300 CE. The creation of the dike line ∼1300 CE set the starting point for increasing anthropogenic control of the hydro(geo)logical system: changes in surface elevation and drainage of low‐lying marshes have become main drivers for salinization after 1600 CE when peat was artificially degenerated. Moreover, changes in the dike line caused by storm floods impacted the salinities. Model results for 2020 CE match well with present‐day salinity observations. Yet, salinization will continue in the future, as the hydro(geo)logical system has not reached an equilibrium. The presented paleo‐modeling framework can be viewed as a blueprint for similar low‐lying coastal groundwater systems, influenced by marine transgression and human development. Thereby, it enables the reconstruction of meaningful present‐day salinity distributions, serving as a vital basis for modeling future groundwater systems in a changing climate.

Description: Key Points: Salinization of a low‐lying coastal groundwater system during the Holocene, that is, 9000 BP until present‐day, was investigated. Sea‐level rise and the evolution of paleogeography were major controls on groundwater salinization during most of the time. Surface elevation changes due to land cultivation, as well as the development of drainage networks, control salinization since ∼1600 CE.

Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347

Description: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7633381

Keywords: ddc:551.49 ; saltwater intrusion ; variable‐density groundwater flow ; salt transport ; sea‐level rise ; parameter estimation ; iMOD‐WQ

Language: English

Type: doc-type:article

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Spiekeroog beach subterranean estuary & seawater: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) fingerprints (2019)

Waska, Hannelore ; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen ; Massmann, Gudrun ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

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Publication Date: 2023-07-07

Description: Data from pore water (subterranean estuary) and seawater from Spiekeroog south (near ICBM time series station and campsite) and west beach ("Sturmeck"). South beach data were collected in August 2012, and west beach data were collected in November 2012. Pore water (event labels: DUNE, MIX, LTWL) sample collection was conducted at different sediment depths (50, 100, 150 cm below sediment surface). Stainless steel push-point lancets were insetred into the sediment, and pore water was withdrawn via vacuum (hand pumps) into nalgene polycarbonate bottles. Filtration was done using inline PES cartridge filters. The vacuum bottles were argon gas-flushed to avoid oxygen contamination. Sea water (event label SW) was collected with polycarbonate bottles and from LDPE seepage meter bags (event label SP) and filtered upon return to the laboratory (same day, PES filter cartridges). Sample collection was trace organic and metal clean (soaking and rinsing of bottles, tubing, and filters with diluted HNO3 and HCl suprapur), with sample materials consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate. Solid-phase extraction was done with BOND Elut PPL cartridges and elution with Methanol Optima grade. Measurements dissolved organic matter (DOM) were done with FT-ICR-MS. The crosstables describe the molecular composition of DOM and associated Fe and Cu. They contain characteristic properties and classifications of molecular sum formulas as well as FT-ICR-MS signal intensities of each sum formula for each sample (see event table of https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.902704). File name description of “Spiekeroog beach STE_ESI_x_Crosstab_x": pos & neg = positive and negative ionization mode of electrospray ionization (ESI). BSA & NWA = basic/strong acidic and neutral/weak acidic DOM fraction (solid phase extracted)

Keywords: copper; DOM trace metals; File content; File format; File name; File size; ICBM; Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres; iron; ligands; pore water; subterranean estuary; Uniform resource locator/link to file

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20 data points

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Spiekeroog beach subterranean estuary & seawater: Trace metal and dissolved organic matter (DOM) data (2019)

Waska, Hannelore ; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen ; Massmann, Gudrun ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Waska, Hannelore; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen; Massmann, Gudrun; Koschinsky, Andrea; Schnetger, Bernhard; Simon, Heike; Dittmar, Thorsten (2019): Inorganic and organic iron and copper species of the subterranean estuary: Origins and fate. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 259, 211-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.004

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Publication Date: 2023-07-07

Description: Data from pore water (subterranean estuary) and seawater from Spiekeroog south (near ICBM time series station and campsite, 53°45'13.5"N 7°40'22.5"E) and west beach ("Sturmeck", 53°46'10.0"N 7°40'26.2"E). South beach data were collected in August 2012, and west beach data were collected in November 2012. Sample abbreviations: SB=South Beach, WB=West Beach. DUNE=most landward station near dunes, MIX=mid-way station between dune base and low water line, LTWL=low tide water line. Pore water (DUNE, MIX, LTWL) sample collection was conducted at different sediment depths (50, 100, 150 cm below sediment surface). Stainless steel push-point lancets were insetred into the sediment, and pore water was withdrawn via vacuum (hand pumps) into nalgene polycarbonate bottles. Filtration was done using inline PES cartridge filters. The vacuum bottles were argon gas-flushed to avoid oxygen contamination. Sea water (SW) was collected with polycarbonate bottles and from LDPE seepage meter bags (SP) and filtered upon return to the laboratory (same day, PES filter cartridges). Sample collection was trace organic and metal clean (soaking and rinsing of bottles, tubing, and filters with diluted HNO3 and HCl suprapur), with sample materials consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate. Solid-phase extraction was done with BOND Elut PPL cartridges and elution with Methanol Optima grade. Measurements were done with VA Computrace 757 (Cu ligand concentrations and stability constants), HR-ICP-MS (Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations), FT-ICR-MS (DOM), spectrophotometry (nutrients), and TOC analyzer (DOC and TDN). Trace metal concentrations (Fe, Cu, Mn) and speciation (oxidation state, size fractions, and organic association), as well as nitrogen species and concentrations: "Spiekeroog beach subterranean estuary environmental data". Concentrations (µM or nM) are denoted in the headers. CuL1=Cu-binding ligands concentrations (nM), logK1=Cu-binding ligand stability constant. Molecular composition of dissolved organic matter and associated Fe and Cu: "Spiekeroog beach STE_ESI_x_Crosstab_x". pos & neg = positive and negative ionization mode. BSA & NWA = basic/strong acidic and neutral/weak acidic, refer to the extracted DOM fraction. Processed figures and tables based on the original data are published here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.004

Keywords: copper; DOM trace metals; ICBM; Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres; iron; ligands; pore water; subterranean estuary

Type: Dataset

Format: application/zip, 2 datasets

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Spiekeroog beach subterranean estuary & seawater: Environmental data (2019)

Waska, Hannelore ; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen ; Massmann, Gudrun ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

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Publication Date: 2024-03-22

Description: Data from pore water (subterranean estuary) and seawater from Spiekeroog south (near ICBM time series station and campsite) and west beach ("Sturmeck"). South beach data were collected in August 2012, and west beach data were collected in November 2012. Pore water (event labels: DUNE, MIX, LTWL) sample collection was conducted at different sediment depths (50, 100, 150 cm below sediment surface). Stainless steel push-point lancets were insetred into the sediment, and pore water was withdrawn via vacuum (hand pumps) into nalgene polycarbonate bottles. Filtration was done using inline PES cartridge filters. The vacuum bottles were argon gas-flushed to avoid oxygen contamination. Sea water (event label SW) was collected with polycarbonate bottles and from LDPE seepage meter bags (event label SP) and filtered upon return to the laboratory (same day, PES filter cartridges). Sample collection was trace organic and metal clean (soaking and rinsing of bottles, tubing, and filters with diluted HNO3 and HCl suprapur), with sample materials consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate. Solid-phase extraction was done with BOND Elut PPL cartridges and elution with Methanol Optima grade. Measurements were done with VA Computrace 757 (Cu ligand concentrations and stability constants), HR-ICP-MS (Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations), spectrophotometry (nutrients), and TOC analyzer (DOC and TDN).

Keywords: Ammonium; Bottle, polycarbonate, Nalgene; Carbon, organic, dissolved, colloidal; Carbon, organic, dissolved, soluble; Carbon, organic, dissolved, total; Carbon, organic, dissolved of basic/strong acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; Carbon, organic, dissolved of neutral/weak acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; competitive ligand equilibration/adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (Buck and Bruland, 2005); copper; Copper, colloidal; Copper, soluble; Copper, total; Copper-binding ligand 1; Copper-binding ligand 1, conditional stability constant; Copper of basic/strong acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; Copper of neutral/weak acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DOM trace metals; Event label; high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; ICBM; Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres; iron; Iron, colloidal; Iron, ferrous, divalent; Iron, soluble; Iron, total; Iron of basic/strong acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; Iron of neutral/weak acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; Latitude of event; LDPSMB; ligands; Longitude of event; Low density polyethylen seepage meter bag; Manganese; NB_PC; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, total, dissolved of basic/strong acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; Nitrogen, total, dissolved of neutral/weak acidic dissolved organic matter fraction; Nitrogen, total dissolved, soluble; Nitrogen, total dissolved, total; Nitrogen oxide; pore water; Salinity; SB_DUNE; SB_LTWL; SB_MIX; SB_SP1; SB_SP2; SB_SW1; SB_SW2; Shimadzu TOC-VCPH total organic carbon analyzer; Spectrophotometry, ferrozine (Viollier et al., 2000); Spectrophotometry (Reckhardt et al., 2015); Spiekeroog, German Bight, North Sea; SSPP; stainless steel push-point lancet; subterranean estuary; WB_DUNE; WB_LTSW; WB_LTWL; WB_MIX; WB_SP1; WB_SP2; WB_SW1; WB_SW2

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 750 data points

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Electronic Resource

Field Studies on the Fate and Transport of Pharmaceutical Residues in Bank Filtration (2004)

Heberer, Thomas ; Mechlinski, Andy ; Fanck, Britta ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Ground water monitoring & remediation 24 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1745-6592

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences

Notes: Bank filtration and artificial ground water recharge are important, effective, and cheap techniques for surface water treatment and removal of microbes, as well as inorganic, and some organic, contaminants. Nevertheless, physical, chemical, and biological processes of the removal of impurities are not understood sufficiently. A research project titled Natural and Artificial Systems for Recharge and Infiltration attempts to provide more clarity in the processes affecting the removal of these contaminants. The project focuses on the fate and transport of selected emerging contaminants during bank filtration at two transects in Berlin, Germany. Several detections of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in ground water samples from bank filtration sites in Germany led to furthering research on the removal of these compounds during bank filtration. In this study, six PhACs including the analgesic drugs diclofenac and propyphenazone, the antiepileptic drugs carbamazepine and primidone, and the drug metabolites clofibric acid and 1-acetyl-1-methyl-2-dimethyl-oxamoyl-2-phenylhydrazide were found to leach from the contaminated streams and lakes into the ground water. These compounds were also detected at low concentrations in receiving public supply wells. Bank filtration either decreased the concentrations by dilution (e.g., for carbamazepine and primidone) and partial removal (e.g., for diclofenac), or totally removed PhACs (e.g., bezafibrate, indomethacine, antibiotics, and estrogens). Several PhACs, such as carbamazepine and especially primidone, were readily transported during bank filtration. They are thought to be good indicators for evaluating whether surface water is impacted by contamination from municipal sewage effluent or whether contamination associated with sewage effluent can be transported into ground water at ground water recharge sites.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2004.tb00714.x

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