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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the framework of an ongoing Italian national research project we are studying the Messina 1908 earthquake, the first to be recorded adequately by seismological and geodetic instrumentation that allowed subsequent quantitative investigations of its source properties. We use a high-frequency stochastic finite-fault modeling (Motazedian and Atkinson, 2005) to simulate the ground-shaking for a number of different source models (Basili et al. 2008), either constrained from past source studies of this event or simulated. Although inherently kinematic, our approach accounts for the physics of the source using a procedure to generate physically consistent earthquake-rupture models (Guatteri et al., 2004). Considering the width of the seismogenic zone and appropriate source-scaling relation, we generate heterogeneous slip models that obey to the source complexity of past earthquakes (Mai and Beroza, 2002). By also constraining the point of rupture initiation based on empirical findings and energy-balance arguments (Mai et al., 2005), we generate a suite of earthquake source models to compute far-field ground-shaking. The Housner parameter from the stochastic high-frequency simulations is than compared with the felt intensity (MCS scale). The developed procedure is a necessary tool to take into account the influence of directivity effects in simulating ground shaking scenarios using realistic slip distribution on the fault. Furthermore, we carry out full-wavefield ground-motion calculations (at frequencies f 〈 3 Hz) to compare those low-frequency simulations with (a) the stochastic simulations and (b) appropriate ground-motion prediction equations. The combined approach helps to examine the validation range of the two methods (distinguishing the influence of the near-field and far-field motions on the shaking level), and may serve as a basis to develop a hybrid technique which combines the two methods for generating fully broadband synthetic seismograms.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: San Francisco, CA U.S.A
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: Stochastic ground-motion simulation ; Full-wavefield ground-motion simulation ; Finite-fault simulation ; Housner parameter ; Slip Distribution ; Messina 1908 earthquake (Southern Italy) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We investigate wave motion through numerical simulations that take into account primarily the ground acceleration in response to a given earthquake rupture that radiates seismic waves. The shaking that potential sources might cause is plotted on maps that provide a general overview of the hazard over a large area, and that can be used as the starting point for further detailed investigations. Here, we establish a procedure to compute ground motion that spans the entire frequency range of engineering interest (i.e., broad-band), and we derive the maximum shaking that is caused by expected earthquakes throughout Italy (i.e. the maximum observable shaking; MOS). Our approaches merge updated knowledge of the Italian regional tectonic setting and of source-zone definitions (Valensise and Pantosti, 2001; Basili et al., 2008) and scenario-like calculations of the expected MOS in any given area.
    Description: Agreement INGV-DPC 2007-2009 - Project S 1: Analysis of the seismic potential in Italy for the evaluation of the seismic hazard
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: seismogenic source ; DISS ; Maximum Observable Shaking (MOS) ; ground shaking ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This study presents the innovative concept of maximum observable shaking (MOS) maps. Our approach makes use of the improved understanding of the Italian regional tectonic setting and uses composite seismic sources (CSS) taken from an Italian database of individual seismic sources. The CSS are merged with high-frequency scenario calculations of expected maximum shaking in a given area. For a given CSS, we consider the associated typical fault, and compute the ground shaking for a rupture model derived from its associated maximum credible earthquake. As the maximum credible earthquake and typical fault ‘float’along the CSS (i.e. the computational fault plane takes on different spatial positions), the high-frequency ground motion is computed at each point surrounding the given fault, and the maximum from the observable shaking according to that scenario is plotted on the MOS map.
    Description: Agreement INGV-DPC 2007-2009 - Project S 1: Analysis of the seismic potential in Italy for evaluation of the seismic hazard
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: seimogenic source ; DISS ; High-Frequency ; Maximum Observable Shaking Map (MOS) ; ground shaking ; seismic hazard ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We examine possibilities to delineate the boundaries between near-field and far-field radiation of seismic waves. Near-field (NF), intermediate-field (IF) and far-field (FF) terms represent different properties of the seismic wave-field: the near-source motions are sensitive to the spatio-temporal details of the rupture process, while far-field terms tend to carry the overall signature of the rupture. Due to the longer propagation path of far-field waves through complex Earth structure, their waveform properties also depend more strongly on media properties (scattering; intrinsic attenuation), than it is the case for the NF-wavefield.
    Description: Agreement INGV-DPC 2007-2009 - Project S 1: Analysis of the seismic potential in Italy for the evaluation of the seismic hazard
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: seismogenic source ; DISS ; Near-fields boundaries ; ground motion ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present a strategy for obtaining fault-based maximum observable shaking (MOS) maps, which represent an innovative concept for assessing deterministic seismic ground motion at a regional scale. Our approach uses the fault sources supplied for Italy by the Database of Individual Seismogenic Sources, and particularly by its composite seismogenic sources (CSS), a spatially continuous simplified 3-D representation of a fault system. For each CSS, we consider the associated Typical Fault, i.e., the portion of the corresponding CSS that can generate the maximum credible earthquake. We then compute the high-frequency (1–50 Hz) ground shaking for a rupture model derived from its associated maximum credible earthquake. As the Typical Fault floats within its CSS to occupy all possible positions of the rupture, the high-frequency shaking is updated in the area surrounding the fault, and the maximum from that scenario is extracted and displayed on a map. The final high-frequency MOS map of Italy is then obtained by merging 8,859 individual scenario-simulations, from which the ground shaking parameters have been extracted. To explore the internal consistency of our calculations and validate the results of the procedure we compare our results (1) with predictions based on the Next Generation Attenuation ground-motion equations for an earthquake of Mw 7.1, (2) with the predictions of the official Italian seismic hazard map, and (3) with macroseismic intensities included in the DBMI04 Italian database. We then examine the uncertainties and analyse the variability of ground motion for different fault geometries and slip distributions.
    Description: Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC), in the framework of the 2007-2009 Agreement with Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia—DPC-INGV, Project S1.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1075-1107
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: seismogenic source ; earthquake ; ground shaking ; seismic hazard ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This study presents the innovative concept of maximum observable shaking (MOS) maps. Our approach makes use of the improved understanding of the Italian regional tectonic setting and uses composite seismic sources (CSS) taken from an Italian database of individual seismic sources. The CSS are merged with high-frequency scenario calculations of expected maximum shaking in a given area. The results of the MOS evaluation in terms of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity have been converted into Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg intensities and are compared with historical felt intensities from the Italian DBMI04 macroseismic database.
    Description: Agreement between Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia and Dipartimento della Protezione Civile - years 2007-2009
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: ISPRA Conference Room - via Curtatone 7, Roma
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: open
    Keywords: Composite Seismic Sources ; DISS ; HF MOS maps of Italy ; Finite-fault stochastic simulation ; Comparison MPS04 ; Comparison DBMI04 ; Comparison L'Aquila earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1997
    Keywords: DEKORP 9, KTB 84, Rhine Graben, Southern Germany, geodynamics, tectonics/crustal structure, seismology
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2007-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2007-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: The scattering of seismic waves travelling in the Earth is not only caused by random velocity heterogeneity but also by surface topography. Both factors are known to strongly affect ground-motion complexity even at relatively short distance from the source. In this study, we simulate ground motion with a 3-D finite-difference wave propagation solver in the 0–5 Hz frequency band using three topography models representative of the Swiss alpine region and realistic heterogeneous media characterized by the Von Karman correlation functions. Subsequently, we analyse and quantify the characteristics of the scattered wavefield in the near-source region. Our study shows that both topography and velocity heterogeneity scattering may excite large coda waves of comparable relative amplitude, especially at around 1 Hz, although large variability in space may occur. Using the single scattering model, we estimate average Q C values in the range 20–30 at 1 Hz, 36–54 at 1.5 Hz and 62–109 at 3 Hz for constant background velocity models with no intrinsic attenuation. In principle, envelopes of topography-scattered seismic waves can be qualitatively predicted by theoretical back-scattering models, while forward- or hybrid-scattering models better reproduce the effects of random velocity heterogeneity on the wavefield. This is because continuous multiple scattering caused by small-scale velocity perturbations leads to more gentle coda decay and envelope broadening, while topography abruptly scatters the wavefield once it impinges the free surface. The large impedance contrast also results in more efficient mode mixing. However, the introduction of realistic low-velocity layers near the free surface increases the complexity of ground motion dramatically and indicates that the role of topography in elastic waves scattering can be relevant especially in proximity of the source. Long-period surface waves can form most of the late coda, especially when intrinsic attenuation is taken into account. Our simulations indicate that both topography and velocity heterogeneity scattering may result in large ground-motion variability, characterized by standard deviation values in the range 0.2–0.5 also at short distance from the source. We conclude that both topography and velocity heterogeneity should be considered to correctly assess the ground-motion variability in earthquake scenario studies even at intermediate frequency.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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