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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 477-479 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An understanding of the mechanism producing the variation has increased in the past few years with the discovery of the solar wind, the development of a model of the large-scale magnetic field configuration in the inner solar system, and the use of computers to achieve detailed information about ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 165 (1995), S. 255-267 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Avian osmoregulation ; Salt gland ; Saltwater adaptation ; Maximum secretion capacity ; Eider duck (Somateria mollissima)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The function of the supra-orbital salt gland was studied in the common eider duck (Somateria mollissima). The maximum salt-secreting capacity was determined in (1) wild ducks which had been living in a marine environment, (2) ducks reared in captivity on fresh water, and (3) ducks from group 2 adapted to salt water. The maximum secreting capacity was found by infusing a solution of NaCl (1000 mosmol·kg-1) at increasing rates, from 0.691 to 1.671 mosmol·min-1. Freshwater-adapted ducks secreted at a maximum rate of 0.785 mosmol·min-1 (1500 mosmol·kg-1). Adapted to salt water they increased their capacity, and the best duck secreted at a rate of 1215 mosmol·min-1 (1600 mosmol·kg-1). The best wild duck secreted at a rate of 1516 mosmol·min-1. Ducks in group 3 were used to examine the response to a hyperosmotic or an isoosmotic infusion. The amount of salt (NaCl) given per unit time was the same. Given a hyperosmotic solution their salt glands secreted at a high rate: 30 min after the infusion had stopped the ducks had excreted 94% of the sodium infused, 92.9% via the salt gland. Given an isoosmotic solution they secreted at a rate about half the infusion rate: 30 min after cessation of infusion they had excreted 73% of the sodium, 42.9% via the salt gland and the rest by the kidneys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 168 (1998), S. 73-80 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Temperature regulation ; Gram-positive bacterial cell walls ; Hypothermia ; Pyrogen ; Shivering thermogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypothalamic temperature (T hypo) and metabolic heat production (M) were measured in seven conscious rabbits injected intravenously with either saline or with Staphylococcus aureus, (8 · 107 cell walls · kg−1) while being subjected to a 3-h period of ramp-like total body cooling using a chronically implanted intravascular heat exchanger. In pyrogen-injected animals cooling started (1) at the time of injection or (2) 70 min after injection. In (1) the fall in T hypo induced by heat extraction was similar (1.0 °C) in afebrile and febrile animals. In (2) there was a transient increase in T hypo of about 0.5 °C at a time corresponding to the start of fever resulting in a significantly smaller fall in T hypo at the end of the 3-h cooling period (0.5 °C vs 0.9 °C, P 〈 0.05, n = 5). At this time in both (1) and (2) M was lower than theoretically expected from the increase in shivering threshold during fever. However, most of this effect can be explained when available data showing a decrease in thermosensitivity during S. aureus-induced fever are taken into account. After cessation of cooling in both groups of febrile animals T hypo rose to about 1 °C higher than the precooling level, which is comparable to the fever level in a separate series of experiments with S. aureus injection without cooling (1.2 °C).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1965-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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