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  • 1
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    Stress transmission across an active plate boundary: an example from southern Mexico (1996)
    In:  Tectonophys., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 266, no. 1-4, pp. 81-100, pp. L09603, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996
    Keywords: Stress ; Plate tectonics ; Structural geology
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Computertechniken und Anwendungen: Eine Computerprogrammbibliothek zur quantitativen Strukturanalyse (1994)
    Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie
    In:  Tübinger Geowissenschaftliche Arbeiten, Reihe A, Tübingen, Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie, vol. 21, no. 1-4, pp. 19917-19945, pp. 2017, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Geol. aspects ; Structural geology ; paleo ; Stress
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Personal-Computer in Strukturgeologie und Tektonik (1989)
    In:  Z. dt. geol. Ges., Hannover, Scientific American, vol. 140, no. 1-4, pp. 219-229, pp. 2017, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Geol. aspects ; Structural geology ; paleo ; Stress ; program ; software ; Buergmann ; Burgmann
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Methoden der Strukturgeologie: ein Leitfaden zur Aufnahme und Auswertung strukturgeologischer Daten im Gelände und im Labor (1994)
    Enke
    In:  Stuttgart, Enke, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 65-66, (ISBN 0-596-00610-1)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994
    Keywords: Textbook of geology ; Handbook of geology ; Geol. aspects ; paleo ; Stress ; Tectonics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subsidence and extension at a convergent plate margin: evidence for subduction erosion off Costa Rica (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Terra nova 11 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Subduction erosion rather than subduction accretion is proposed as the dominant process currently occurring at the Nicoya segment of the convergent plate margin off Costa Rica. Based on new results from ODP drilling cores and our interpretations of published seismic data we present a tectonic model of subsidence and extension due to tectonic erosion of the forearc wedge and landward migration of the Nicoya coastline. High seismic velocities in the outermost part of the forearc wedge off the Nicoya Peninsula below the BOSS (bottom-of-slope-sediment) reflector indicate the seaward continuation of the Nicoya ophiolite complex into the basement of the forearc wedge. ODP Site 1042 revealed neritic sediment that points to strong subsidence of the forearc basement, progradation of the sedimentary succession, and landward migration of the coastline. Tilted block structures are explained by substantial fore-arc extension. In our interpretation, the removal of material from the base of the forearc wedge by the process of basal subduction erosion leads to progressive subsidence and thus to landward migration of the coastline. Landward shift of the active volcano chain in the same order of magnitude as the coastline migration is consistent with this interpretation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.1999.00234.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extinct spreading on the Cocos Ridge (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Terra nova 10 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Using recently acquired marine magnetic data and existing magnetic and bathymetric data sets together with ODP Leg 170 age determinations we present a revised plate tectonic model for the southern Cocos and northern Nazca plate area. According to this model the formation of the southern Cocos plate was governed by spreading at different ridge axes with alternations between spreading ridges producing a complex magnetic anomaly pattern. In the Cocos and Malpelo ridge area we have identified two precursors of the recently active Cocos–Nacza spreading system which were active from 22.8 to 14.7 Ma, with a change in spreading direction from NW–SE to ENE–WSW at 19.5 Ma. The oceanic crust of these abandoned spreading systems was subsequently thickened and overprinted by hotspot volcanism that formed the Cocos and Malpelo ridges. The centre of this hotspot volcanism is about 500 km away from, but most probably related to, the Galapagos hotspot.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.1998.00195.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impossible Galapagos connection: geometric constraints for a near-American origin of the Caribbean plate (1998)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 87 (1998), S. 200-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Caribbean ; Galapagos ; Hotspot ; Oceanic crust ; Plate motion ; Plate tectonic evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Geometric constraints derived from the present plate configuration and from plate motion vectors of the Caribbean as well as the North and South American plates within a hotspot reference frame indicate that the thickened Caribbean oceanic crust was formed in a near-American position rather, than at the Galapagos hotspot. A lateral displacement of more than 1000 km between the Caribbean plate and the North and South American plates is related to differences in plate motion velocities during the Cenozoic era. The differential motion between the Caribbean and the American plates results from trench-parallel mantle flow as a response to the westward motion of the American plates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050202
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  • 8
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    Blind Source Separation of Temporally Independent Microseisms (2018)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Summary〈/div〉Secondary microseismic sources emit seismic waves over long time spans. Reoccurring signals with similar slowness and frequency therefore arrive at seismic arrays. Blind source separation techniques can be used to identify and isolate such reoccurring signals from other signals and from diffuse seismic noise. Along these lines, we use non-negative matrix factorization as blind source separation technique to decompose continuous seismic array records. We model the recorded energy as a mixture of a few components with static slowness-frequency and time dependent amplitudes. Components and amplitudes are fitted to optimally explain the recorded seismic energy over time. These components represent secondary microseismic signals with quasi-static slowness-frequency vector and fluctuating amplitude. Each fitted component reveals the geographical origin (through the slowness-frequency vector) and time evolution of an active secondary microseism with high precision because it is separated from other signals and diffuse seismic noise. Furthermore, relative travel times can be automatically extracted for the signals that correspond to a specific component that can potentially be used in tomographic studies. We show two examples of seismic signals that were extracted with this technique, one focusing on P-waves from the typhoons Goni and Atsani, and another showing secondary microseism PKP signals from typhoon Glenda.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 2051-1965
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 9
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    Non-stationary spherical random media and their effect on long-period mantle waves (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-22
    Description: We present a method to construct non-stationary and anisotropic second-order random model realizations that can be used for numerical wave propagation simulations in various geometries. Models are generated directly from a given covariance matrix using its eigenvector decomposition (principal component or Karhunen-Loève method). Because this decomposition is very expensive computationally in 3-D, we use model symmetries to reduce the size of the covariance matrix to its non-stationary components. Stationary components can then be described through their power spectrum, such that models with axisymmetric or spherically symmetric statistics can be generated from a 1-D covariance matrix. We focus in particular on models with spherically symmetric statistics that are important to study wave propagation in the Earth. We use this method to show the influence of hypothetical small-scale structure in the Earth's mantle on the elastic wavefield. To this end, we extend tomographic models beyond their spatial resolution limit with different distributions of small-scale scatterers that generate a coda and attenuate direct waves (scattering attenuation). We observe that scattering attenuation of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves is small (0.5–2 per cent of the total attenuation), if the elastic mantle structure does not become significantly stronger at smaller scales. At the examined heterogeneity strengths, scattering attenuation scales linearly with the model variance. The long-period fundamental mode Rayleigh wave coda is difficult to measure because it is weak and overlaps with other signals. However, it can be shown that its intensity also scales linearly with model power, and that it depends strongly on the spherical geometry of the Earth. It can therefore be used to distinguish between models with different small-scale power. We show qualitatively that the coda generated by the type of random models we consider can explain observed scattered energy at long periods (100 s).
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 10
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    Lateral heterogeneity scales in regional and global upper mantle shear velocity models (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-01
    Description: We analyse the lateral heterogeneity scales of recent upper mantle tomographic shear velocity ( Vs ) global and regional models. Our goal is to constrain the spherical harmonics power spectrum over the largest possible range of scales to get an estimate of the strength and statistical distribution of both long and small-scale structure. We use a spherical multitaper method to obtain high quality power spectral estimates from the regional models. After deconvolution of the employed taper functions, we combine global and regional spectral estimates from scales of 20 000 to around 200 km (degree 100). In contrast to previous studies that focus on linear power spectral densities, we interpret the logarithmic power per harmonic degree l as heterogeneity strength at a particular depth and horizontal scale. Throughout the mantle, we observe in recent global models, that their low degree spectrum is anisotropic with respect to Earth's rotation axis. We then constrain the uppermost mantle spectrum from global and regional models. Their power spectra transfer smoothly into each other in overlapping spectral bands, and model correlation is in general best in the uppermost 250 km (i.e. the ‘heterosphere’). In Europe, we see good correlation from the largest scales down to features of about 500 km. Detailed analysis and interpretation of spectral shape in this depth range shows that the heterosphere has several characteristic length scales and varying spectral decay rates. We interpret these as expressions of different physical processes. At larger depths, the correlation between different models drops, and the power spectrum exhibits strong small scale structure whose location and strength is not as well resolved at present. The spectrum also has bands with elevated power that likely correspond to length scales that are enhanced due to the inversion process.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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