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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as a mechanistic tool: Mass of human leukocyte elastase and a .beta.-lactam-derived E-I complex (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 32 (1993), S. 2031-2035 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00059a020
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface structures on crystalline silicon irradiated by 10 ps laser pulses at 694.3 nm (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 475-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 79.20.Ds ; 81.40.-z ; 42.80.Fn ; 47.35.+i
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The grating-like spatially periodic structures are produced on the (100) surfaces of the single crystal silicon by the trains of 10 ps mode-locked ruby laser pulses at the wavelength of 694.3 nm. The periods and orientations of the structures are consistent with the model which involves the interference of the incident light with the surface electromagnetic wave excited through the coupling by surface roughness. Previously unappreciated elliptic ripple patterns are found and explained as the trails of the capillary wave excited on the molten Si surface due to the radially non-uniform deposition of energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619721
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new lattice formulation of the continuum (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 35 (1994), S. 5600-5629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: A new lattice formulation of the continuum is presented, which can be applied to quantum or classical field theories in any space–time dimension. The method is illustrated with an application to relativistic nontopological solitons. This approach also provides an effective means of removing the spurious lattice fermion degenerate solutions for the Dirac equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530767
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN APPARENT FUNCTIONAL CORRELATION BETWEEN VARIATIONS IN AMINO ACID RESIDUES IN HLA-DR 4.1 AND 4.2 SEROLOGICAL SUBTYPES AND OLIGONUCLEOTIDE CHARACTERIZATION (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: HLA-DR4 can be subdivided serologically into two specificities, DR4.1 and DR4.2, using well-defined monospecific alloantisera used in the 11th International Histocompatibility Workshop. In this study, a total of 1095 random DR4-positive individuals from several ethnic groups were tested first for serotype DR4.1/4.2 and then for DRB1 *04 alleles using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization (SSOPH). An almost 100% correlation between samples testing positive for DR4.1 and the presence of alanine at position 74 was observed, while samples testing positive for DR4.2 correlated with the presence of glutamic acid at position 74. DRB 1*04 alleles 0401, 0402, 0404, 0405, 0408, 0409 and 0410 are aligned in functional groups which coincide with the serological subtype of DR4.1. DRB 1*04 alleles 0403, 0406, 0407 and 0411 coincide with subtype DR4.2. Amino acid substitutions at positions 57, 71 and 86 indicate other significant variations between alleles within the serological subgroup of DR4.1 and define five minor subgroups. The serologic and oligonucleotide allelic subgroups are in turn correlated with recognized cellular Dw antigens. While sequence data provide evidence of structural differences, data on cellular antigens support a functional association between these designated groups and their significance in transplantation and GVHD. Testing results are categorized by ethnic group in order to establish frequency data for donor selection criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1996.tb00274.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and microstructural properties of CoCrTa/Cr/Al thin films (abstract) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5357-5357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CoCrTa/Cr/Al and CoCrTa/Cr thin films were deposited on glass substrate at 280 °C using dc magnetron sputtering. The coercivity of CoCrTa/Cr films increased by introducing an Al underlayer. In 500 A(ring) CoCrTa/Cr films, the coercivity increased with increasing Cr thickness and saturated above 700 A(ring) Cr thickness (Hc=1050 Oe). On the other hand, in 500 A(ring) CoCrTa/Cr/700 A(ring) Al films, the coercivity increased sharply with increasing Cr thickness and showed a maximum value at 700 A(ring) Cr thickness (Hc=1380 Oe). The coercivity squareness of the CoCrTa/Cr/Al and CoCrTa/Cr films was increased with increasing Cr thickness. The coercivity squareness of CoCrTa/Cr/Al films was lower than that of CoCrTa/Cr films. To study the origin of coercivity enhancement in CoCrTa/Cr films when deposited on an Al underlayer, microstructures of the two films were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We controlled grain sizes of CoCrTa films by changing the thickness of the Cr layer. The grain size of CoCrTa films increased with increasing Cr thickness. The coercivity of CoCrTa/Cr/Al films showed a maximum value at a grain size of 430 A(ring). These results suggest that the transition from single domain to multidomain could occur at a grain size of ∼400 A(ring). To understand the coercivity squareness changes by the introduction of an Al underlayer, the angular variation of coercivity was measured. The magnetization of CoCrTa/Cr films was reversed by domain wall motion.On the other hand, by the incorporation of an Al underlayer, the angular variation of coercivity deviated from the domain wall motion mode. Cross-sectional TEM studies of CoCrTa/Cr/Al films showed that Cr atoms in Cr layers diffused into an Al underlayer and Al atoms were detected in both Cr and CoCrTa layers, but magnetization of the magnetic layer was not decreased. The decrease in coercivity squareness of CoCrTa/Cr/Al films would be attributed to magnetic decoupling by segregation of Al atoms in grain boundaries of CoCrTa films. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361324
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-shot evolution of laser-induced periodic structure on the surface of polycrystalline silicon-on-insulator (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 4208-4211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The multi-shot evolution of laser-induced periodic structure was studied by the time-resolved optical diffraction and reflection from the surface of polycrystalline silicon-on-insulator during the accumulation of 20 ns ruby laser pulses. In contrast to the results previously reported for the bulk sample, it was observed that the channel of the periodic structure development changed during the multiple irradiations even with a fixed fluence. The observed change occurs because the energy absorption is enhanced by the presence of the periodic structure preformed by the preceding pulses, and the absorbed laser energy at the polycrystalline layer is insulated by the underlying SiO2 layer. A previously unappreciated dip structure was observed in the time-resolved diffraction and a possible explanation is suggested postulating the preferential energy deposition in the valleys of the periodic structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350799
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of magnetic properties in CoCrPt longitudinal recording media by Cr75Ti25/CoTi bilayer (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4298-4300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Effects of the Cr75Ti25/CoTi bilayer on the magnetic and crystallographic properties in CoCrPt longitudinal recording media were investigated. CoCrPt(30 nm)/Cr75Ti25(X nm)/CoTi(50 nm) films were deposited on glass substrates heated at 250 °C by a dc magnetron sputtering method. Coercivity increased from 2200 to 3200 Oe by incorporating a 50 nm thick Cr75Ti25 intermediate layer between the CoCrPt magnetic layer and the CoTi underlayer. From x-ray analyses, the rather strong Co(101¯0) diffraction was developed in addition to Co(112¯0) diffraction in CoCrPt/Cr75Ti25/CoTi films, while only Co(112¯0) diffraction was observed in CoCrPt/CoTi films. Transmission electron microscopy image confirmed that the small grain size of 18 nm in both types of films. This enhancement of the coercivity can be attributed to the increase of magnetic decoupling effect through the Cr segregation at the grain boundaries of the magnetic layer. In addition, the presence of the Co(101¯0) plane, and small grain size due to the B2 structure intermetallic compound underlayer should influence the magnetic properties of CoCrPt/Cr75Ti25/CoTi films. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370348
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of magnetic interactions on the distribution of energy barriers in the time dependence of magnetization of a magnetic thin film (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5003-5005 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Influence of the magnetic interactions on distribution of energy barrier and time dependent phenomena of magnetization are investigated by micromagnetic and Monte Carlo simulation. For the magnetic thin film with randomly distributed easy axes in the film plane, the shape of the density function of the energy barrier is significantly changed with the varying magnetic interactions. If the exchange or magnetostatic interaction is strong, the density function of energy barrier has a broad distribution, then magnetization decay with time shows a linear dependence on ln(t). © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370072
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Far-field emission narrowing effect of microdisk lasers (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2223-2225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Far-field intensity distribution of semiconductor microdisk lasers is experimentally measured and the emission angle is found to be much smaller than that of a planar source with the same near-field width. In fact the emission angle is determined mainly by the disk radius instead of the disk thickness. A scalar diffraction theory in the cylindrical coordinate is developed to explain such an emission-angle-narrowing phenomenon and numerical calculation based on a vectorial diffraction theory is carried out to explain the measured polarization state. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121328
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiphoton ionization of aluminum and copper planar target (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 368-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The total charge of the emitted ions from the planar metal targets irradiated by the mode-locked ruby laser was measured. The dependence of the total emitted ions on the laser fluence is consistent with the theory of the multiphoton ionization in the low fluence region. However, it shows saturation phenomena at the higher fluence regions. These saturations could be explained by the depletion of the neutral atoms and the level shifting of the intermediate state due to the strong Stark effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99467
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