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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 169 (1952), S. 834-835 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The creeping trophic form consists of a thin body of colourless, uniformly granular protoplasm, branching and anastomosing, slowly and incessantly streaming, capable of division by plasmotomy, and of fusion with other individuals. Nuclei have not been observed. In tap water numerous minute ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 851-854 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A description is given of a current-measurement system based on the Faraday rotation in a one-turn fiber coil. It is shown that an ultralow birefringence "spun'' single-mode fiber is extremely suitable in a magneto-optic current sensor. The properties of this fiber were investigated. Measurements of high, pulsed currents (Imax∼1 MA; f=25 kHz), with good accuracy (1%), and in agreement with a conventional method, are presented. Because of the low birefringence, this good accuracy was also reached in the low-current region (cursive-theta≤π/4 rad). In order to be able to compute the value of large currents unambiguously from the Faraday rotation, a setup with a beam-splitter prism and a second detector was constructed. Some measurements were carried out with this setup.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0963-9268
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , History , Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Urban history 3 (1976), S. 28-34 
    ISSN: 0963-9268
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , History , Sociology
    Notes: This article surveys some of the more interesting writings on Dutch urban history over the last decade against the background of the older literature of the subject. It also deals briefly with some current research projects. The choice of what to include has perforce been a subjective one since the field itself is so vast, but an effort has been made to indicate the main stream of historical research now going on. How much more widely that field might have been drawn is perhaps indicated by the subjects that have been relatively neglected: education, town planning, housing and rents, wage movements, patterns of consumption, leisure pursuits, retail distribution.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Oxygen uptake characteristics of the roots of three Rumex species were compared, and related to kinetics of the respiratory system and to root anatomy. The observed differences could not be explained by differences in fundamental characteristics of the oxygen uptake system: with all three species, cytochrome-mediated respiration contributed 70% and cyanide-insensitive (alternative) respiration 30% of the total respiration rate, and apparent Km values of cytochrome oxidase were lower than those obtained for the alternative oxidase in all cases. However, differences in critical oxygen pressure for respiration (COPR) and in apparent Km for oxygen, were strongly correlated with differences in root porosity and root diameter. Km(O2) values at high and low temperatures were determined, and from Arrhenius plots of oxygen uptake rates between 11 and 32°C, the role of diffusional impedance could be estimated. Root respiration of Rumex maritimus and R. crispus, both with high root porosity, but differing in root diameter, had a low Km for oxygen (3–7 mmol m−3). In contrast with this were the responses of R. thvrsiflorus, which has thin roots but low root porosity: a high Km (10-20 mmol m−3) was found at all temperatures. The role of diffusional impedance as a function of temperature in oxygen uptake rate by the three species is discussed and related to the differential resistance of the species towards flooding.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 68 (1962), S. 143-146 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Samenvatting De iepen langs de grachten in de stad Amsterdam worden periodiek aangetast door ringelrupsen (Malacosoma neustrium). Jaarlijks worden de bomen bestoven met een Derris-stuifmengsel. Deze bestrijding heeft nadelen, daar Derrispoeder giftig is voor vissen, nuttige insekten en andere levende organismen. Vergelijkende proeven in het laboratorium met Derris-stuifmengsel en preparaten op basis vanBacillus thuringiensis hadden tot resultaat, dat bij de gegeven concentraties de bacterie-poeders een iets betere werkzaamheid vertoonden dan Derris (tabel 1). Daar deze poeders bovendien geen gevaar opleveren voor mensen en huisdieren, en zelfs tegenover insekten zeer specifiek werken, verdient het gebruik van deze poeders de voorkeur boven dat van Derris. Vooral uit een oogpunt van natuurbescherming zijn in deze omstandigheden de preparaten, gebaseerd opBacillus thuringiensis, de beste bestrijding van deze insektenplaag in een grote stad. Proeven in de straten van Amsterdam metBacillus thuringiensis-poeder zijn tevens reeds enige jaren genomen. Zij worden in de komende jaren op grotere schaal voortgezet. Dit onderzoek geschiedde onder aspiciën van de „Werkgroep voor Harmonische Insektenbestrijding T.N.O.”
    Notes: Summary Laboratory experiments comparing the effect of dusts of Derris powder with dusts of products, based onBacillus thuringiensis, indicated a higher toxicity to Tent Caterpillars (Malacosoma neustrium) of the latter group. As, moreover, these dusts are harmless to man and higher animals, and even have a very specific action to insects, the use of the products is to be preferred above the use of Derris dust. The bacterial dusts are already used for some time in outdoor experiments, and it is proposed to use these dusts on a large scale in coming years. The insecticides are killing through their specific action the nuisant caterpillars only, and are therefore appreciable also because of recreation and nature conservation.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 53 (1947), S. 180-187 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Several fungus extracts containing antibiotics were tested for fungistatic activity onCercospora nicotianae, causing the “frog-eye”-disease of tobacco in the tropics. The activity of extracts with actinomycin, streptomycin and viridin appeared very weak; an extract containing streptothricin was a little more promising; the pure clavacin is fungistatic againstCercospora at the concentration of 1 to 50.000, but burns tobacco-leaves already at 1 to 25.000. Best results gave gliotoxine extracts fromTrichoderma viride, strain 211 ofBrian. This antibiotic does not burn tobacco leaves and has a highly fungistatic and fungicidal action.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 59 (1953), S. 103-103 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 59 (1953), S. 101-103 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A fungal parasite of the cyst contents ofHeterodera rostochiensis was frequently found in Holland on sandy soil. The attacked cysts show black spots which consist of the pycnidia of the fungus. The pycnidia mainly occur inside the cysts against the wall. They have oblong, hyphal appendages. The genus is unknown but it seems to be placed close by eitherPhoma orPyrenochaeta. A description of the fungus will appear elsewhere. Hatching tests with both black-spot and spotles cysts showed that fewer larvae hatch from the spotted cysts (Table 1). Infection of cysts with the fungus succeeded easily in agar tubes. The fungus was seen inside the cysts, entwining and mummifying the eggs. It could be re-isolated from the formerly infected cysts. The vitality of the cysts was investigated also by usingHomeyer's Acridin Orange test. Details of this method will be published later on.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Grosstadt Amsterdam leidet zeitweilig an schweren Plagen von Raupen, hauptsächlichMalacosoma neustria L. undEuproctis chrysorrhoea ., welche die Ulmen (Ulmus spp.) entblättern. Zur Zeit werden diese Plagen bestritten mittels Bestäubungen mit Derris, aber speziell die älteren Raupen sind ziemlich widerstandsfähig gegen diese Behandlung. Die modernen Insektiziden sind zu giftig zum Gebrauch im Zentrum der Grosstadt. Deswegen werden vorläufige Untersuchungen gemacht mit einem Preparat, von dem “Institut Pasteur” hergestellt aus Extrakten von Kulturen vonBacillus thüringiensis Berliner, Isolation Nr E 58. Das Insektizide, gespritzt in Konzentrationen von 0,25 und 0,5%, war hauptsächlich wirksam als Frassgift (fig. 1). Es war ungefähr ebenso wirksam gegen jungen wie gegen alten Raupen (fig. 2). Ein Käfigversuch ins Freie gab ein erfolgreiches Resultat (fig. 3). Da das Preparat völlig harmlos ist gegen Menschen und Haustiere, sollte es besonders geeignet sein zur Lösung dieses Problems. Acknowledgement. The authors earn many thanks to DrP. Grison, Director of the “Laboratoire de lutte biologique”, La Minière, France, who generously sent us a quantity of the E 58 powder.
    Notes: Summary Some preliminary experiments with E 58 powder, derived from the strain E 58 ofBacillus thuringiensis were done with tent caterpillars (Malacosoma neustria L.). Sprays with 0,25 and 0,5% powder gave 80–90% mortality after 10 to 13 days of the second, third and fourth larval stages. These results were obtained after feeding with sprayed food, less effect was obtained by spraying the caterpillars only. The same effect, however, with a 0,5% spray only, was found in an outdoor experiment in large cages round about small apple trees. The main practical importance of these experiments follows from the fact that the used preparate proved to be highly specific, i. e. toxic to some caterpillars, however, non-toxic to other beings.
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