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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Oceanography. ; Environmental economics. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Environmental Economics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Climate Change and the Pacific Islands -- Chapter2. Islands in the Pacific – settings, distribution, classification -- Chapter3 Climate Change Scenarios and Projections for the Pacific.-Chapter4. Comparison of the physical susceptibility of Pacific Islands to risks potentially associated with variability in weather and climate -- Chapter5 Downscaling from Whole Island to an island-coast assessment of coastal landform susceptibility to metocean change in the pacific -- Chapter6. A review of South Pacific tropical cyclones: Impacts of natural climate variability and climate change -- Chapter7. Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Infrastructure in the Pacific -- Chapter 8 Population distribution in the Pacific islands, proximity to coastal areas, and risks -- Chapter9. Agriculture under a changing climate -- Chapter10. Impacts of climate change on marine resources in the Pacific Island region -- Chapter11. Freshwater availability under climate change -- Chapter12. Climate change and impacts on biodiversity on small islands -- Chapter13. Economic impacts and implications of climate change in the Pacific -- Chapter14. Adaptation to climate change: contemporary challenges and perspectives.
    Abstract: This edited volume addresses the impacts of climate change on Pacific islands, and presents databases and indexes for assessing and adapting to island vulnerabilities. By analyzing susceptibility variables, developing comprehensive vulnerability indexes, and applying GIS techniques, the book's authors demonstrate the particular issues presented by climate change in the islands of the Pacific region, and how these issues may be managed to preserve and improve biodiversity and human livelihoods. The book first introduces the issues specific to island communities, such as high emissions impacts, and discusses the importance of the lithological traits of Pacific islands and how these physical factors relate to climate change impacts. From here, the book aims to analyze the various vulnerabilities of different island sectors, and to formulate a susceptibility index from these variables to be used by government and planning agencies for relief prioritization. Such variables include tropical cyclones, built infrastructures, proximity to coastal areas, agriculture, fisheries and marine resources, groundwater availability, biodiversity, and economic impacts on industries such as tourism. Through the categorization and indexing of these variables, human and physical adaptation measures are proposed, and support solutions are offered to aid the inhabitants of affected island countries. This book is intended for policy makers, academics, and climate change researchers, particularly those dealing with climate change impacts on small islands.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 538 p. 110 illus., 105 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030328788
    Series Statement: Springer Climate,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 88 (1971), S. 171-179 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Equations $$\frac{{\partial \phi k - 1}}{{\partial t}} = 9.8 T*_{k - 1} \frac{{\phi _k }}{{T_k ^2 }}\frac{{\partial T_k }}{{\partial t}}$$ and $$\frac{{\partial \phi _k }}{{\partial t}} = - 9.8 T*_k \frac{{\phi _k }}{{T_k ^2 }}\frac{{\partial T_k }}{{\partial t}}$$ have been derived. These equations reveal that the variation inT k , the temperature of the layer between two isobaric levels, causes variation in the same sense (increasing or decreasing) inφ k-1, the geopotential height of the lower isobaric level and in the opposite sense inφ k , the geopotential height of the upper isobaric level. The former is associated with the bad or fair weather at and above the level while the latter with the radiational or other heating effects in lower layers. The time-section of the geopotential height of an isobaric level has approximately sinusoidal pattern. An increase in the slope of the geopotential height is indicative of incidence of bad weather, whereas decrease of slope corresponds to fair weather at and above the isobaric level under consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 97 (1972), S. 214-218 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The best fit curves for upper air mean dry-bulb and dew-point temperatures over Gauhati airport (26°05′N, 91°43′E, 49 metres a.m.s.l.), for the month of April, have been calculated with the equation,x=A+By+Cy 2,y being the log value in mb of the isobaric level under consideration andx, the mean dry-bulb or dew-point temperature as the case may be, at the isobaric level under consideration. The values of constantsA, B andC for morning dry-bulb and dew-point curves come to be −29.54559, −93.65766 and +37.35048 and −118.84791, −31.15503 and +25.63585 respectively and values of these constants for evening curves come to be −35.86214, −94.15694 and +38.61870 and −127.55970, −29.97192 and +26.36538 respectively. These best fit curves help in finding out mean desired temperatures at any isobaric level in forecasting of thunderstorms and hailstorms, at a station, by dry-bulb and dew-point temperature anomaly technique propsed earlier by the authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 98 (1972), S. 227-232 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The probability of occurrences of thundery weather over Gauhati airport has been investigated. During the pre-monsoon thunderstorm period, the months of April and May have higher probabilities for the occurrences of thundery weather and the month of March has, on average, medium probabilities. The probability for thundery weather, during the months of March and April, is the highest during 〉18 to 24 h and then decreases successively during 00 to 06 h, 〉12 to 18 h and 〉06 to 12 h in order. The month of May, being the transition season for sharp decrease of nor' westers, is an exception. The months June to September, during monsoon season, have high probabilities for a day being thundery; but the month of October, during which monsoon virtually withdraws, shows decreasing trend in probabilities for successive date-groups. During the whole of the monsoon months, the time-groups 〉12 to 18 h, 〉18 to 24 h, 00 to 06 h and 〉06 to 12 h rank first, second, third and fourth in the order of probability for a day being thundery. In April and May, the probabilities for the occurrences of thundery weather of MLL, LL and VLL groups are higher, but in the month of March, the probabilities for the occurrences of first two groups are higher and the third group has medium probability. During the months June to September, in the monsoon season, the probability for thundery weather of MLL and LL groups are higher but that of VLL group has the medium probability; during the month of October — the last month for monsoon season — MLL and LL have higher and medium probabilities for the occurrences of thundery weather.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 89 (1971), S. 178-182 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Vertical time-section charts for temperature and dew-point anomalies have been plotted. The temperature anomaly decreasing upwards give convection according to Byers and Braham [1]2). The coincidence of temperature anomalies with central minimum and of dew-point anomalies with central maximum, or of upward decreasing trend in temperature anomalies and upward increasing trend in dewpoint anomalies, correspond to the convection associated with greater moisture influx, thus representing the case of a thunderstorm. The mentioned anomalies have been found to occur in such a way that cells with central maximum are followed by those with central minimum, and vice versa. Thus simultaneous occurrences of upward decreasing anomalies in temperature, i.e. occurrence of cells with central minimum of temperature, and upward increasing anomalies in dew-point, i.e. occurrence of cells with central maximum, can be observed at any station, hence the occurrences of thunderstorms at that station can be predicted. Moreover, the two kinds of anomalies can give the idea (along with that of convection, of coming of the synoptic situation having dry air aloft and moist air below, which is the ideal condition) for the occurrence of a hailstorm (Fawbush andMiller [2]).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: high-temperature oxidation kinetics of Inconel 625 ; TGA ; XPS ; AES ; EDS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation behavior of Inconel 625 during the early stages (〈150 min) has been studied at oxygen pressures (PO 2) of 0.12 kPa (0.9 torr) and 101.3 kPa (760 torr) in the temperature range of 1323 K to 1523 K by using TGA and between 873 and 1523 K by using XPS, AES, and EDS. The TGA results correlated well with those obtained by surface analysis of the oxide films. The results of XPS and AES analysis suggested that two distinctly different oxidation mechanisms operate, depending on the temperature of oxidation. Enrichment of the oxide films with respect to Cr2O3 occurs above 873 K, the degree of enrichment peaking at about 1200 K such that the oxide films formed at temperatures close to this consist almost exclusively of Cr2O3. At temperatures above 1300 K, the oxides of two minor alloying components, Nb and Ti, have been found to be present in the oxide films in significant proportions. The results have been discussed on the basis of the relative thermodynamic stabilities of the competing oxide phases and the diffusivities of the alloying elements in Inconel 625.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 85 (1982), S. 137-141 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A comparative study of the number and distribution of chromocentres in interphase nuclei and mean chiasma frequency at diakinesis has been made in three varietal populations of radish (Raphanus sativus L.), “Scarlet Globe”, “Japanese White” and “Chinese White”. The study showed a significant difference between the varietal populations in mean chiasma frequency and number of chromocentres (P〈0.001), indicating that these nuclear characters are genotypically controlled. The correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between chromocentres and chiasma frequency (r= -0.87). It was concluded that an increase in the amount of constitutive heterochromatin, as inferred by chromocentre counts, adversely affects the chiasma frequency and, consequently, genetic recombination in radish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 22 (1974), S. 281-285 
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Wahrscheinlichkeiten von Gewittern über dem Mohanbari-Flugplatz in Nordost-Indien für die sechs Pentaden jeden Monats und gesondert für die Tagesviertel bestimmt und die Andauer der Gewitter nach fünf Gruppen klassifiziert.
    Notes: Summary Each month has been classified into six pentads and each day into four quarter-days; probable occurrences of thundery weather in each of these ones have been determined over Mohanbari aerodrome (North-east India). The duration of occurrences of thundery weather has been classified into five duration-groups and the probabilities that the thundery weather will belong to each of these groups have been calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have performed Hartree-Fock calculations for simple cubic metallic hydrogen crystals using Bloch functions expanded in plane waves, All integrals were evaluated accurately including exchangeterms. Increasingly larger basis sets were used, and the total Hartree-Fock energy obtained with the maximum number of plane waves (27) was -0.4770 hartrees/atom. This total energy is believed to be within a few millihartress of the Hartree-Fock limit results. The deficiency of a plane-wave expansion to represent the atomic cusps, however, makes it difficult to obtain the exact Hartree-Fock limit with a plane-wave expansion. When the correlation energy (calculated in the random-phase approximation with Hartree-Fock bands and functions as zeroth order states) is added, and upper limit of -0.501 hartrees/atom is found for the total energy of this system. The Fermi surface was found to touch the Brillouin zone boundaries around the X points due to an appreciable depression of the band energies in that part of the Brillouin zone. The equilibrium lattice spacing (a = 2.705 bohrs) was slightly smaller than that obtained earlier with an atomic orbital basis.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In a rapidly changing world, there is an ever-increasing need to monitor the Earth’s resources and manage it sustainably for future generations. Earth observation from satellites is critical to provide information required for informed and timely decision making in this regard. Satellite-based earth observation has advanced rapidly over the last 50 years, and there is a plethora of satellite sensors imaging the Earth at finer spatial and spectral resolutions as well as high temporal resolutions. The amount of data available for any single location on the Earth is now at the petabyte-scale. An ever-increasing capacity and computing power is needed to handle such large datasets. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based computing platform that was established by Google to support such data processing. This facility allows for the storage, processing and analysis of spatial data using centralized high-power computing resources, allowing scientists, researchers, hobbyists and anyone else interested in such fields to mine this data and understand the changes occurring on the Earth’s surface. This book presents research that applies the Google Earth Engine in mining, storing, retrieving and processing spatial data for a variety of applications that include vegetation monitoring, cropland mapping, ecosystem assessment, and gross primary productivity, among others. Datasets used range from coarse spatial resolution data, such as MODIS, to medium resolution datasets (Worldview -2), and the studies cover the entire globe at varying spatial and temporal scales.
    Keywords: TD1-1066 ; T1-995 ; global monitoring service ; suspended sediment concentration ; image classification ; empirical ; Soil Moisture Active Passive ; data archival ; water resources ; GlobCover ; dNBR ; satellite imagery ; SDG ; cloud-based geo-processing ; spatial resolution ; land use change ; MTBS ; global scale ; landsat collection ; Geo Big Data ; trends ; FAPAR ; vegetation index ; pseudo-invariant features ; emergency response ; RBR ; BULC-U ; Africa ; Brazilian pasturelands dynamics ; Enhanced Vegetation Index ; geo-big data ; multitemporal analysis ; flood ; early warning systems ; low cost in situ ; web portal ; composite burn index (CBI) ; small-scale mining ; snow hydrology ; RdNBR ; seasonal vegetation ; burn severity ; random forests ; land-use cover change ; random forest ; Support Vector Machines ; lower mekong basin ; CWC ; Random Forest ; crop yield ; Landsat-8 ; sun glint correction ; protected area ; cropland areas ; disaster prevention ; gross primary productivity (GPP) ; segmentation ; high spatial resolution ; satellite-derived bathymetry ; Aegean ; Brazilian Amazon ; image composition ; pasture mapping ; carbon cycle ; machine learning ; earth observation ; ecosystem assessment ; Mato Grosso ; FVC ; image time series ; LAI ; semi-arid ; google engine ; spatial error ; Ionian ; forest and land use mapping ; snow cover ; long term monitoring ; RHSeg ; online application ; land cover ; PROSAIL ; support vector machines ; seagrass ; wetland ; Sentinel-1 ; Sentinel-2 ; surface reflectance ; user assessment ; remote sensing ; multi-classifier ; time series ; machine learning classification ; deforestation ; Google Earth Engine ; decision making ; cropland mapping ; change detection ; google earth engine ; industrial mining ; data fusion ; cloud masking ; Google Earth Engine (GEE) ; NDVI ; Bayesian statistics ; China ; cloud computing ; plant traits ; Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity ; soil moisture ; big data analytics ; Landsat ; phenology ; 30-m ; MODIS ; habitat mapping ; Mediterranean ; temporal compositing ; drought ; surface urban heat island ; BACI ; crop classification ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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