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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Mesozoic resource potential in the Souther Permian Basin (2018)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Call number: 9/M 07.0421(469)
    In: Geological Society Special Publication
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The Southern Permian Basin, as its name suggests, is a historical heartland for hydrocarbon production from the Palaeozoic Rotliegend interval. However, in this mature basin the Mesozoic presents further possibilities to offer resource security to NW Europe. Such opportunities include increasing efficiency in the production of discovered hydrocarbons, exploration for further hydrocarbons (both conventional and unconventional) and efficient exploration for, and production of, geothermal energy. All these potential resources require a grounding in technically sound geoscience, via traditional scientific observation and the application of new technologies, to unlock their value. The main aim of this volume is to bring together the work of academics and industry workers to consider cross-border geoscience including contributions on Poland, Germany, The Netherlands, the United Kingdom and adjacent areas. The work presented intends to contribute to the development and discovery of further Mesozoic energy resources across the basin.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 570 Seiten , Illustrationen, farbige Abbildungen
    ISBN: 978-1-78620-384-7
    Series Statement: Geological Society Special Publication 469
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/469/1
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/specpubgsl/469/1.toc.pdf
    Classification:
    Deposits
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
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    3D seismic study of complex intra-salt deformation: An example from the Upper Permian Zechstein 3 stringer, western Dutch offshore (2012)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 363: 489-501.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-13
    Description: Most of the information on subsurface evaporitic structures comes from 3D seismic data. However, this data only provide limited information about the internal structure of the evaporites, which is known from salt mines and salt diapir outcrops. Brittle intra-salt layers (carbonate, anhydrite, clay) of at least 10 m thickness form good reflectors in evaporites, but the structure and dynamics of such ‘stringers’ in the salt movement are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the intra-salt Zechstein 3 (Z3) stringer from 3D seismic data in an area offshore the Netherlands. Observations show complex deformation including boudinage, folding and stacking. Reflections from thin and steep stringer parts are strongly reduced, and we present different structural models and tests of these. We compare our observations to structural models from salt mines and analogue/numerical models of intra-salt deformation. A smoothed representation of the upper surface of the stringer fragments follows the shape of Top Salt, but smaller-scale stringer geometries strongly differ from this and imply boudinage. The imaged disharmonic patterns of constrictional folds provide evidence for the complexity of the intra-salt, in agreement with observations in salt mines. This may be explained by interaction of the layered salt rheology, complex three-dimensional salt flow, different phases and styles of basement tectonics and movement of the overburden.
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  • 3
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    Unusual Preservation of Sedimentary Structures in Sillimanite-Bearing Metaturbidites of the Damara Orogen, Namibia (1990)
    University of Chicago Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-1376
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-5269
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by University of Chicago Press
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  • 4
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    3D seismic geomorphology and sedimentology of the Chalk Group, southern Danish North Sea (2011)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-25
    Description: : Classically, the North Sea Chalk is interpreted as having been deposited under quiet, homogeneous pelagic conditions with local redeposition in slumps and slides. Recent observations of highly discontinuous reflection patterns on 2D and 3D seismic reflection data from the NW European Chalk Group have led to a revision of some general ideas of chalk deposition, with the suggestion that long-lived, contour-parallel bottom currents exerted a primary influence on the development of intra-chalk channels, drifts and mounds. This study proposes an alternative explanation for the formation of selected intra-chalk seismic and stratal discontinuities, interpreting these as being caused by gravity-driven processes that developed in response to intense syndepositional tectonics. Submarine mass-transport systems identified in the study area include large-scale slumps, slides, debris flows and turbidites. The last occur in sinuous channel systems flanked by large master levees, with the channel fill exhibiting well-developed secondary banks and overbanks on the outer bends of the channel thalweg. This first documentation of channelized density-flow deposits in the North Sea Chalk has important consequences for the interpretation and prediction of redeposited chalk units, emphasizing at the same time the strength of detailed 3D seismic discontinuity detection for subsurface sedimentary-systems analysis.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 5
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    Reconstructing the Upper Permian sedimentary facies distribution of a tight gas field in Central Europe on the basis of a modern analog field study in the Panamint Valley, western U.S. (2012)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geosphere
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-01
    Description: Comparison of modern deposits in the Panamint Valley, western United States, to core and geophysical data from a Permian (Rotliegend, Germany) tight gas field allows for improved understanding of the interaction of tectonics and sedimentary processes during Rotliegend deposition. The Panamint Valley was selected for a modern analog of the subsurface Rotliegend Basin because both study sites are characterized by (1) elongated grabens with large-scale bounding fault zones resulting from synsedimentary transtensional tectonics; (2) fault-controlled paleotopography as key controlling parameter for the sediment facies distribution, including alluvial fans, dunes, wet and damp interdune sandflats, and ephemeral dry lake deposits; and (3) local sediment provenance from sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The analysis of satellite images and field data from the Panamint Valley enabled the development of a conceptual model involving topography, synsedimentary faulting, and wind activity as controlling factors for the sediment facies distribution. The application of the model to the reconstructed Rotliegend paleotopography of the German subsurface study site allows for prediction of the facies distribution prior to the Triassic–Cretaceous tectonic overprinting. As a consequence, we expect a sediment facies succession from (1) alluvial fan deposits along the hanging walls of the basin-bounding fault zones to (2) distributary fluvial channel deposits toward the basin center and (3) ephemeral lake deposits in the deepest basin area. (4) Eolian dune accumulation and preservation is mainly concentrated on hanging-wall locations. However, additional dune deposits are proposed above overlapping step faults and on footwalls of synsedimentary active faults. (5) Sandflats occur on the upwind and downwind margins of the dune field. These predictions are calibrated to core and geophysical well log data.
    Electronic ISSN: 1553-040X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 6
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    Impacts of hydrothermal dolomitization and thermochemical sulfate reduction on secondary porosity creation in deeply buried carbonates: A case study from the Lower Saxony Basin, northwest Germany (2016)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-21
    Description: The role of deep-burial dissolution in the creation of porosity in carbonates has been discussed controversially in the recent past. We present a case study from the Upper Permian Zechstein 2 carbonate reservoirs of the Lower Saxony Basin in northwest Germany. These reservoirs are locally characterized by high amounts of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and variable amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), which are derived from thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) and inorganic sources. To study the contribution of these effects on porosity development, we combine petrography, stable isotope, and rare earth and yttrium (REY) analyses of fracture cements with Raman spectroscopy and 13 C analyses of fluid inclusions. It is shown that fluid migration along deep fault zones created and redistributed porosity. Fluid inclusion analyses of vein cements demonstrate that hydrothermal fluids transported inorganic CO 2 into the reservoir, where it mixed with minor amounts of TSR-derived organic CO 2 . The likely source of inorganic CO 2 is the thermal decomposition of deeply buried Devonian carbonates. The REY distribution patterns support a hydrothermal origin of ascending iron- and CO 2 -rich fluids causing dolomitization of calcite and increasing porosity by 10%–16% along fractures. This porosity increase results from hydrothermal dolomitization and dissolution by acids generated from the reaction of Fe 2+ with H 2 S to precipitate pyrite. In contrast, hydrothermal dolomite cements reduced early diagenetic porosity in dolomitic intervals by approximately 17%. However, the carbonate dissolution in the predominantly calcitic host rock results in a net increase in porosity and permeability in the vicinity of the fracture walls, which has to be considered for modeling reservoir properties and fluid migration pathways.
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 0149-1423
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
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  • 7
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    Mesozoic resource potential in the Southern Permian Basin area: the geological key to exploiting remaining hydrocarbons whilst unlocking geothermal potential (2018)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-05
    Description: Extract It is generally accepted that hydrocarbon exploration in northern Europe has reached a mature stage. A basin's maturity is defined by the underlying number of new discoveries and the declining production rate of mature fields (SPE 2015). For geoscientists, a mature basin has well-defined characteristics in terms of, for example, reservoir presence or trap formation (e.g. Byrne 2012). It is interesting, therefore, to note how much is still unknown about certain stratigraphic intervals in northern Europe. The Mesozoic overburden of the Southern Permian Basin ( sensu Maystrenko et al. 2008; Doornenbal & Stevenson 2010) continues to provide fresh insights into the geological history of an area where, as the name suggests, historical hydrocarbon exploration has focused on the Paleozoic. The aim of this Special Publication is to increase knowledge of the Mesozoic overburden as a driver for further hydrocarbon exploration/production and the development of new geothermal energy sources. ... This 250-word extract was created in the absence of an abstract.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 8
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    Interaction between gravity-driven listric normal fault linkage and their hanging-wall rollover development: a case study from the western Niger Delta, Nigeria (2016)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-15
    Description: Rollover is the folding of the hanging-wall sedimentary record in response to slip on listric normal faults, and is a common feature of sediment-rich, gravity-driven tectonic provinces. Rollovers have been extensively studied by means of geometrical reconstruction, and numerical and analogue modelling. However, the detailed interaction between the kinematics of bounding listric normal faults and their hanging-wall deformation is not yet fully understood. In this study, we use 3D seismic-reflection data from the Forcados-Yokri area, western Niger Delta, Nigeria, to study the lateral linkage and landwards backstepping history of an array of listric normal faults, particularly focusing on their influence on the development and evolution of hanging-wall rollovers. Five individual, partly overlapping rollover structures have been studied with respect to their relative initiation and decay time, their spatial distribution, and their relationship to the tectonic history of their respective bounding faults. We demonstrate that the studied rollovers are highly dependent on the development of their bounding faults in terms of initiation time, lateral linkage, internal structural development and decay. Fault–rollover interaction is dynamic and changes through time depending on the temporal evolution of listric faults. Four genetic types of fault–rollover interaction were identified in this study: (1) the rotation of a rollover–crestal-collapse system, controlled by a changing lateral bounding-fault orientation during fault growth; (2) a stepwise shift of rollover–crestal-collapse systems associated with rollover abandonment, controlled by the initiation of a new fault in the footwall of an older structure; (3) a gradual shift of successive rollovers controlled by branching main faults; and (4) a general landwards and upwards migration of crestal-collapse faults within a rollover above stationary listric main faults.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 9
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    Integrated charge and seal assessment in the Monagas fold and thrust belt of Venezuela (2014)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-27
    Description: Conventional basin and petroleum systems modeling uses the vertical backstripping approach to describe the structural evolution of a basin. In structurally complex regions, this is not sufficient. If lateral rock movement and faulting are inputs, the basin and petroleum systems modeling should be performed using structurally restored models. This requires a specific methodology to simulate rock stress, pore pressure, and compaction, followed by the modeling of the thermal history and the petroleum systems. We demonstrate the strength of this approach in a case study from the Monagas fold and thrust belt (Eastern Venezuela Basin). The different petroleum systems have been evaluated through geologic time within a pressure and temperature framework. Particular emphasis has been given to investigating structural dependencies of the petroleum systems such as the relationship between thrusting and hydrocarbon generation, dynamic structure-related migration pathways, and the general impact of deformation. We also focus on seal integrity through geologic time by using two independent methods: forward rock stress simulation and fault activity analysis. We describe the uncertainty that is introduced by replacing backstripped paleogeometry with structural restoration, and discuss decompaction adequacy. We have built two end-member scenarios using structural restoration, one assuming hydrostatic decompaction, and one neglecting it. We have quantified the impact through geologic time of both scenarios by analyzing important parameters such as rock matrix mass balance, source rock burial depth, temperature, and transformation ratio.
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 0149-1423
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
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  • 10
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    Controls on reservoir compartmentalization of an Upper Permian tight gas field in Germany and links to a modern analogue in the Western US (2012)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-01
    Description: This study focuses on the reservoir characteristics of a Permian tight gas field in the Southern Permian Basin, Eastern Frisia, Germany. To improve the understanding of the reservoir, 3D seismic, wireline and core data were compared with a reservoir analogue in the Panamint Valley, United States. Depositional environments of the Permian Upper Rotliegend II include perennial saline lakes, coastal parallel sand belts comprising wet, damp and dry sand flats and aeolian dunes with interdune deposits. Polygonal patterns at different scales were observed on seismic horizon slices in the reservoir intervals and the overlying Zechstein. Outlines of superordinate polygons coincide with interpreted faults. Similar polygonal networks were identified on modern dry lakes in the western United States. The kilometre-long, up to 1.20 m deep open fissures in the Panamint Valley are interpreted to originate from the combined effects of synaeresis and tectonics. Subsequently, the fissures were filled with aeolian sediment. Vegetation growth confined to the lineaments indicates enhanced fluid circulation. Such fissures systems may serve as weakness zones and fault grain and impact reservoir quality in terms of hydraulic connectivity of reservoir compartments. For the Rotliegend reservoirs, original porosities and permeabilities of these zones were reduced to a minimum by enhanced cementation along the fluid migration pathways. Permeability barriers and reservoir compartmentalization, which can be clearly depicted on seismic attribute volumes, are a potential result of this development.
    Print ISSN: 1354-0793
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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