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  • 1
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    A 190-ka biomarker record revealing interactions between sea ice, Atlantic Water inflow and ice sheet activity in eastern Fram Strait (2018)
    In:  EPIC3arktos, 4(1), pp. 22, ISSN: 2364-9453
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Velocity measurements in a strongly swirling natural gas flame (1997)
    Springer
    Forschung im Ingenieurwesen 63 (1997), S. 263-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0860
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Geschwindigkeitsfeld einer stark verdrallten Erdgasflamme vorgestellt. Es bildet die Basis für die intensive turbulente Durchmischung zwischen Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft, die für Drallflammen charakteristisch ist. Aus einem zentralen Ringspalt tritt Erdgas aus und wird sofort in den stark verdrallten Luftstrahl integriert. Die Flamme stabilisiert sich nahe über dem Brenneraustritt und brennt symmetrisch. Als Meßdaten werden Mittelwerte für Axial- und Umfangsgeschwindigkeit zur Verfügung gestellt, sowie die Standardabweichungen und die Reynolds-Stress-Tensor Komponenten des Geschwindigkeitsvektors. Aufgrund der Kleinheit der mittleren Radialgeschwindigkeit werden diese Meßdaten nicht gezeigt. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse dienen als Basis zur Validierung von Turbulenzmodellen.
    Notes: Abstract The present study was focused on the turbulent velocity field of a central annular natural gas jet which penetrated a strongly swirling air flow. Due to the high swirl number S = 0.95 and the high momentum ratio, the fuel jet was almost immediately integrated into the air stream. High rates of shear resulted in an intensive turbulent mixing process between natural gas and air. The central hub of the fuel exit annulus stabilized the reverse flow zone at a fixed location. The present nozzle configuration resulted in a very stable and symmetric flame.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010836
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the specific combining ability between two species of Eucalyptus.II. A clustering approach and a multiplicative model (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 804-809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Analysis of interaction ; Heterosis breeding ; Clustering procedure ; AMMI model ; Eucalyptus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The Eucalyptus breeding program of URPPI (a partnership between CIRAD-Forêt, Centre National de la Recherche Forestière du Congo, and Unité d’Aforestation Industrielle du Congo) consists of a reciprocal recurrent selection scheme developed in the Congo between the two species Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus grandis. Two approaches are proposed in order to model and predict the specific combining ability (SCA) between these species. The clustering approach uses a simultaneous clustering procedure of the two species based on SCA and reveals heterotic groups coherent with the geographical origins of E. urophylla genotypes. The second approach uses a multiplicative model to partition the SCA into three multiplicative terms explaining 95% of the interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050481
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictions of age-age correlations of total height based on serial correlations between height increments in Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1992), S. 152-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Juvenile-mature correlation ; Serial correlations ; Early selection ; Growth model ; Pinus pinaster(Ait.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Successive annual height increments (AHIs) are considered to be elements of a time series. Empirical data in Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) show that genetic correlations between successive AHIs (serial correlation) decrease when the lag between corresponding growing seasons increases. When separated by more than 13 years AHIs are no longer genetically correlated. It is shown that age-age correlations between total heights depend on three components: the serial correlation structure between AHIs, the genetic coefficient of variation of AHIs, and the phenotypic growth curve of AHIs. Age-age correlations are computed in various combinations of the three components. Serial correlation structure and the genetic coefficient of variation had the more pronounced effect on age-age correlations. The genetic correlation between height at age 10 and height at age 50 varies between 0.764 and -0.136 according to the different combinations. Results obtained by simulations are comparable to those issued from previous empirical methods. mplications on early selection procedures and on optimal selection age are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222853
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between inbreeding depression and inbreeding coefficient in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 347-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Pinus pinaster ; Inbreeding depression ; Filled seeds ; Adult growth ; Genetic load
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between inbreeding depression and inbreeding coefficient (F) for several important traits was investigated in an 11-year trial of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster). Five levels of inbreeding (F=0; 0.125; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75) were obtained in a mating design involving ten plus-trees, or their progenies, as parents (total of 51 families). For F=0.75, the mean inbreeding depressions were 27% for height, 37% for circumference at breast height (63% for bole volume), 23% for basal straightness (better straightness of the inbred trees), and 89% for female fertility (number of cones). Large differences were observed among inbred families for the same level of inbreeding. The evolution of depression with F was more or less linear, depending on the traits. Significant differences among F-levels appeared very early for height (from 5-years of age). Inbreeding depression was much more expressed during unfavorable years than during favorable years for yearly height growth. When compared with other Pinus species, maritime pine appears to be less affected by inbreeding, especially for the percentage of filled seeds and general vigor. A reduced genetic load in maritime pine may result from the evolutionary history of the species and its scattered distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223678
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the specific combining ability between two species of Eucalyptus.I. RAPD data (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 796-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words RAPD ; Genetic distances ; Heterosisbreeding ; Prediction ; Eucalyptus ; Interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Within the context of the reciprocal recurrent selection scheme developed in 1989 by CIRAD-Forêt on Eucalyptus, RAPD essays were performed to assess the genetic diversity in the two species E. urophylla and E. grandis. The molecular markers were split into two parts: the specific markers (present with different frequencies in the two species) and the common markers (present with similar frequencies in the two species). The study analyses the structure of genetic diversity within and between the two species of Eucalyptus. Different genetic distances are worked out for use in prediction equations of the individual tree trunk volume of hybrids at 38 months. Each distance is expressed as the sum of the general genetic distance and the specific genetic distance. The general genetic distance based on the double presence plus the double absence of bands seems to be an interesting co-variate to use in a factor regression model. Through this model the distance calculated between species explains the general combining ability (GCA) and the specific combining ability (SCA) of the phenotypic character with a global coefficient of determination of 81.6%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050480
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic linkage map of Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) based on RAPD, SCAR, microsatellite, minisatellite, isozyme and 5S rDNA markers (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1090-1103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Quercus robur L ; Linkage map ; RAPD ; SCAR ; Microsatellite ; Minisatellite ; 5S rDNA ; Isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A genetic map of Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) was constructed based on one 5S rDNA, 271 RAPD, ten SCAR, 18 microsatellite, one minisatellite, and six isozyme markers. A total of 94 individuals from a full-sib family was genotyped. Two maps, including 307 markers, were constructed according to the “two-way pseudo-testcross” mapping strategy. Testcross markers segregating in the 1 : 1 ratio were first used to establish separate maternal (893.2 cM, 12 linkage groups) and paternal (921.7 cM, 12 linkage groups) maps. Both maps provided 85–90% genome coverage. Homologies between the male and female linkage groups were then identified based on 74 intercross markers segregating in the 3 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 ratios (RAPDs, SCARs, SSRs, 5S rDNA and isozymes) in the hybrid progeny. In each map, approximately 18% of the studied markers showed segregation distortion. More than 60% of the skewed markers were due to an excess of heterozygote genotypes. This map will be used for: (1) studying the molecular organisation of genomic regions involved in inter- and intraspecific differentiation in oaks and (2) identification of QTLs for adaptive traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050996
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographic structure of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms in European oaks (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 122-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Quercus petraea ; Q. robur ; Q. pubescens ; Diversity ; Bootstrap ; Autocorrelation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chloroplast DNA polymorphisms have been detected by the conventional Southern-blotting hybridization method in four species of European oaks (Quercus petraea, Q. robur, Q. pubescens and Q. pyrenaica). Three polymorphisms, shared by at least three of these species, can be scored directly in ethidium bromidestained gels and were used in a broad survey of the level of differentiation of the oak species and of their pattern of genetic structure in western Europe. The highly significant geographic variation and the high genetic differentiation (Gst=0.895, SGst=0.025) indicate a low level of cytoplasmic gene flow. We conclude that cytoplasmic genomes are well suited for the reconstruction of past migrational routes of such a complex of species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223755
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between inbreeding depression and inbreeding coefficient in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 347-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Pinus pinaster  ;  Inbreeding depression  ; Filled seeds  ;  Adult growth  ;  Genetic load
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The relationship between inbreeding depression and inbreeding coefficient (F) for several important traits was investigated in an 11-year trial of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster). Five levels of inbreeding (F=0; 0.125; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75) were obtained in a mating design involving ten plus-trees, or their progenies, as parents (total of 51 families). For F=0.75, the mean inbreeding depressions were 27% for height, 37% for circumference at breast height (63% for bole volume), 23% for basal straightness (better straightness of the inbred trees), and 89% for female fertility (number of cones). Large differences were observed among inbred families for the same level of inbreeding. The evolution of depression with F was more or less linear, depending on the traits. Significant differences among F-levels appeared very early for height (from 5-years of age). Inbreeding depression was much more expressed during unfavorable years than during favorable years for yearly height growth. When compared with other Pinus species, maritime pine appears to be less affected by inbreeding, especially for the percentage of filled seeds and general vigor. A reduced genetic load in maritime pine may result from the evolutionary history of the species and its scattered distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050134
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The beta-binomial model for estimating heritabilities of binary traits (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 544-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Simulation ; Genetic response ; Family mean heritability ; Sib analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Calculations of individual narrow-sense heritability and family mean heritability of a binary trait in stochastically simulated sib trials in completely randomized block experiments showed that in some situations estimates of “realized” heritabilities obtained from the mixed linear threshold model could be improved by application of a proposed beta-binomial model. The proposed model adopts the beta-binomial as the conjugate-prior for the distribution of probabilities of observing the binary trait in a genetic entry. Estimation of the beta parameters allows an estimation of selection response and, by linkage to a threshold model for the individual observations, the desired heritabilities can be obtained. The average bias in the betabinomial estimates of heritability and family mean heritability was less than 2%. Improvements over existing procedures were especially manifest at heritabilities above 0.3 and at low overall probabilities of observing the trait (p 〈 0.30). The lowest root mean square errors were consistently obtained with the algorithm proposed by Harville and Mee (1984). The beta-binomial framework, although restricted to a single random additive genetic effect, further facilitates general analysis, estimation of selection response, and calculation of reliable family mean heritability. Intraclass correlations can be estimated directly from the beta-binomial parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222986
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