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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1783-1794 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: High-molecular-weight polyphosphazenes are of considerable interest because of their potential use as relatively high temperature materials that also possess low glass temperature. A number of authors have examined the thermal properties of a wide range of polyphosphazenes. These studies, however, have usually been limited to compression-molded samples or to samples where the morphology or thermal history are poorly understood or highly complex. This article reports the thermal behavior of a single polymer, poly(bisphenoxyphosphazene) starting with the simplest morphological entity - the single crystal. The result of crystallization from the mesomorphic state [above T(1)] and from the melt were also examined, together with the influence of thermal cycling and heating rate. The effects of a variety of parameters on T(1) are reported. This work clearly demonstrates the importance of morphology-crystallization conditions in determining T(1) and suggests the presence of two crystal forms for this polymer.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 19 (1981), S. 1237-1243 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyethylene single crystals were grown from 0.1% solutions in xylene at 80 and 87°C. Oriented mats were made from each preparation and the small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) profiles obtained. Following treatment of the raw data for main-beam position and width, background scatter, and the Lorentz factor, five Bragg reflections were resolved. A one-dimensional lattice was used as a model for the oriented mats of single crystals. This model contains three parameters. An additional parameter Gx was also introduced to demonstrate the general effect of a broadening factor on the model. The effect of each parameter on the calculated diffraction pattern was examined. From this examination it was found that by assuming that the broadening functions are zero we can determine directly from the number of observable peaks the maximum possible thickness of the amorphous surface. Further, we find that the thickness of the amorphous layer must be less than the maximum value calculated if Gx is assigned values greater than zero. A “best-fit” diffraction pattern was generated in order to estimate how much smaller the surface thickness can be such that one can still resolve five diffraction maxima. The range of amorphous surface thicknesses found from the calculated diffraction profile is 12-20 Å. This is in good agreement with complementary studies performed on the same crystal preparations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 19 (1981), S. 487-497 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The width at half-height of SAXS discrete diffraction peaks has been used to compute the number of polyethylene lamellae in a stack. The dependence of this width on diffraction order reflects the nature and magnitude of lattice fluctuations. Within the literature there have been conflicting reports on this order dependence and hence on the nature of the lattice fluctuations. Previous studies have neglected the effects of instrumental broadening. These present studies show that instrumental effects can account for some 40% of the observed first-order peak width and drastically change the ratio of peak widths as a function of order. These studies, carried out on isothermally grown polyethylene single-crystal mats, also demonstrate the importance of the functions chosen to represent the various broadening factors. A mat was made up consisting of randomly stacked lamella with two distinct fold periods. The scattering from this mixed mat could not be described by either of the prevailing theories.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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