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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of 16S rRNA and methane monooxygenase gene sequences reveals a novel group of thermotolerant and thermophilic methanotrophs, Methylocaldum gen. nov. (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 493-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Methylocaldum szegediense ; Methylocaldum tepidum ; Methylocaldum gracile ; Thermophilic methanotrophs ; 16S rRNA phylogeny ; Particulate methane monooxygenase gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two methanotrophic bacteria with optimum growth temperatures above 40° C were isolated. Thermotolerant strain LK6 was isolated from agricultural soil, and the moderately thermophilic strain OR2 was isolated from the effluent of an underground hot spring. When compared to the described thermophilic methanotrophs Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylococcus thermophilus, these strains are phenotypically similar to Methylococcus thermophilus. However, their 16S rRNA gene sequences are markedly different from the sequence of Methylococcus thermophilus (∼ 8% divergence) and, together with Methylomonas gracilis, they form a distinct, new genus within the γ-subgroup of the Proteobacteria related to extant Type I methanotrophs. Further phenotypic characterisation showed that the isolates possess particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) but do not contain soluble methane monooxygenase. The nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding pMMO (pmoA) was determined for both isolates and for Methylomonas gracilis. PmoA sequence comparisons confirmed the monophyletic nature of this newly recognised group of thermophilic methanotrophs and their relationship to previously described Type I methanotrophs. We propose that strains OR2 and LK6, together with the misclassified thermophilic strains Methylomonas gracilis VKM-14LT and Methylococcus thermophilus IMV-B3122, comprise a new genus of thermophilic methanotrophs, Methylocaldum gen. nov., containing three new species: Methylocaldum szegediense, Methylocaldum tepidum and Methylocaldum gracile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050527
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural properties, functional states and physiological roles of hydrogenase in photosynthetic bacteria (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 87 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The membrane-bound hydrogenase from Thiocapsa roseopersicina is composed of two subunits and contains two Fe-S centres and one Ni per molecule. The enzyme resists heat and proteolytic degradation, its activity is retained under SDS-PAGE conditions.The location of the metal atoms on the subunits has been determined by proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). A revised hydrogenase model which concurs with the new data is suggested.The orientation of the enzyme in the photosynthetic membrane and its ability to generate membrane potential suggest that hydrogenase can play a significant role in the energetics of these bacteria. A possible link between nitrogen fixation, photosynthetic electron transport and hydrogenase is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04945.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial triterpenoids of the hopane series from the methanotrophic bacteria Methylocaldum spp.: phylogenetic implications and first evidence for an unsaturated aminobacteriohopanepolyol (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 182 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The hopanoid content of the two methanotrophic bacteria Methylocaldum szegediense and Methylocaldum tepidum was investigated. 35-Aminobacteriohopane-30R,31R,32R,33S,34S-pentol and its 3β-methyl homologue were present in both strains. In M. tepidum, they were accompanied by 35-aminobacteriohopane-31R,32R,33S,34S-tetrol and its 3β-methyl homologue. The side chain structure was identical to those previously reported from two other obligate methanotrophs, Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylomonas methanica. The two Methylocaldum species shared with the Methylococcus species the presence of 3β-methylhopanoid as well as of a hopanoid releasing adiantol upon H5IO6/NaBH4 treatment. A rare feature was in addition found in M. szegediense. The saturated hopanoids were accompanied by an unsaturated aminobacteriohopanepentol with a Δ11 double bond. Comparison of the hopanoid fingerprints was in accordance with the close phylogenetic relationship of Methylococcus and Methylocaldum. The major difference was the absence of sterols in Methylocaldum which were always detected in the Methylococcus species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08922.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genes involved in hydrogen and sulfur metabolism in phototrophic sulfur bacteria (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 180 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The dsr genes and the hydSL operon are present as separate entities in phototrophic sulfur oxidizers of the genera Allochromatium, Marichromatium, Thiocapsa and Thiocystis and are organized similarly as in Allochromatium vinosum and Thiocapsa roseopersicina, respectively. The dsrA gene, encoding the α subunit of ‘reverse’ siroheme sulfite reductase, is also present in two species of green sulfur bacteria pointing to an important and universal role of this enzyme and probably other proteins encoded in the dsr locus in the oxidation of stored sulfur by phototrophic bacteria. The hupSL genes are uniformly present in the members of the Chromatiaceae family tested. The two genes between hydS and hydL encode a membrane-bound b-type cytochrome and a soluble iron-sulfur protein, respectively, resembling subunits of heterodisulfide reductase from methanogenic archaea. These genes are similar but not identical to dsrM and dsrK, indicating that the derived proteins have distinct functions, the former in hydrogen metabolism and the latter in oxidative sulfur metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08812.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel thermophilic methane-oxidising γ-Proteobacterium (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 170 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A novel thermophilic methane-oxidising bacterium was isolated from underground hot springs in Hungary. Strain HB grew on methane at up to 72°C, the highest recorded growth temperature for a methanotroph. 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis showed that strain HB was the first known representative of a novel, deep-branching group of the γ-Proteobacteria quite distinct from extant methanotrophs. The nucleotide sequence of pmoA, encoding particulate methane monooxygenase, was determined for this novel thermophile. Sequence comparison showed that the methane monooxygenase of this strain was most closely related to that of Methylocaldum and Methylococcus species. Particulate methane monooxygenase gene fragments having a high degree of identity to that of pmoA from strain HB were amplified by PCR from DNA isolated from thermophilic methane-oxidising enrichments inoculated with hot spring samples (55–70°C) from Japan, suggesting that this novel genus, for which we informally suggest the name ‘Methylothermus’, is widespread in thermophilic environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13392.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    pH-dependent activation of the alternative transcriptional factor σB in Bacillus subtilis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 165 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The expression of the sigB gene of Bacillus subtilis was analysed in response to a mild acid shock. This gene is subject to σB-dependent regulation. It has been found that the expression of sigB is induced as part of the acid-tolerant response. In that respect sigB is similar to the previously described gene gsiB which is also a member of the σB regulon. Through this induction, the σB regulon provides protection against acid shock. Besides its protective role against acid shock, no other general function could be directly associated with the σB regulon. An acidification of the cytoplasmic environment induces synthesis of general stress proteins in B. subtilis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13164.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the physical origin of biological handedness (1979)
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 9 (1979), S. 219-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In the racemic conglomerate crystallization of over 1000 samples of D, L-sodium-ammonium tartrate the effect of32P beta irradiation on the weight, optical activity, and crystallite size was measured. Both weight and optical activity showed a statistical dependence on the intensity of beta irradiation. The crystallite size is also affected by the presence of32P. Asymmetric crystals are suggested to have been potential mediators between asymmetric parity violating forces and molecular asymmetry so that stereo-selective prebiotic chemical reactions involving crystals need not be considered ‘chance’ processes. No measurable difference in the energy content of optical isomers was found. An upper limit for the direct contribution of weak interactions to electromagnetic ones has been calculated. The mechanism of stereoselective crystal seeding by beta particles is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932496
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and orientation of hydrogenase in various photosynthetic bacteria (1983)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 9 (1983), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract All of the tested photosynthetic bacteria possessed hydrogenase activity. Cell membranes of representatives of the Chromatiaceae, Rhodospirillaceae, and Chlorobiaceae families were found to be impermeable to the oxidized redox dyes methyl viologen and benzyl viologen, whereas the reduced forms could easily penetrate the membranes. This permeability difference made possible the localization of the hydrogenase enzyme. Members of the Chromatiaceae and the Rhodospirillaceae contained a predominantly or exclusively membranebound enzyme. In contrast, the majority of hydrogenase activity was in the cytoplasm ofChlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum. Hydrogenase, or at least its active center, was oriented toward the outer surface of the cell membrane in purple bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567584
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibodies to the hydrogenase ofThiocapsa roseopersicina (1984)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 11 (1984), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monoclonal antibodies were produced to electrophoretically pure hydrogenase fromThiocapsa roseopersicina. Protein immunoelectroblotting was used to identify the hydrogenase-specific antibodies. Among the 18 monoclonal antibodies selected by enzyme immunoassay, three were found to react with highly immunogenic trace contaminating proteins. One cell line produced antibody that inhibitied hydrogenase activity. This was the first specific inhibitor of the hydrogenase function. The results suggest that monoclonal antibodies could provide valuable new informations about the enzyme structure as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567701
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  • 10
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    Biotechnological intensification of biogas production (2007)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-15
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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