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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-01-06
    Description: The Tara Oceans Expedition (2009-2013) sampled the world oceans on board a 36 m long schooner, collecting environmental data and organisms from viruses to planktonic metazoans for later analyses using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Tara Oceans Data are particularly suited to study the genetic, morphological and functional diversity of plankton. During the entire expedition (2009-2013), underway measurements were obtained from a meteorological station (BATOS), a thermosalinograph (TSG, SBE 45), a Fast Repetition Rate Flurometer (FRRF, LIFT-FRR01), and a spectrophotometer (WETLabs AC-S). In 2013 underway measurements were enhanced by adding a Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) sensor (QCP2350, Biospherical Instruments, Inc.), a laser spectrofluorometer (WETLabs ALFA, Chekalyuk et al., 2012) that replaced the FRRF, a spectral backscattering sensor (WETLabs Eco-bb3), a pCO2 sensor (ProOceanus CO2-Pro), a pH sensor (Satlantic, SeaFET) and a particle imaging system triggered by chlorophyll-a fluorescence (a prototype of McLane Research Laboratories' Imaging FlowCytobot, Sosik Lab, WHOI). Discrete measurements of CDOM absorption measurements were made using an Ultrapath (WPI Inc.) to calibrate the in-line AC-S. Hence the AC-S was also used to provide CDOM absorption in addition to particulate matter properties. The present collection includes three data sets that are harmonised with a common time stamp. The source data sets given in the reference section.
    Keywords: Fondation Tara Expeditions; FondTara; Tara_Oceans_2009-2013; Tara Oceans Expedition
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-01-06
    Description: The Tara Oceans Expedition (2009-2013) sampled the world oceans on board a 36 m long schooner, collecting environmental data and organisms from viruses to planktonic metazoans for later analyses using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Tara Oceans Data are particularly suited to study the genetic, morphological and functional diversity of plankton. The present data set provides raw validated data of continuous measurements made with a FRRF instrument, operating in a flow-through mode during the 2009-2012 part of the expedition. It operates by exciting chlorophyll fluorescence using a series of short flashes of controlled energy and time intervals (Kolber et al, 1998). The fluorescence transients produced by this excitation signal were analysed in real-time to provide estimates of abundance of photosynthetic pigments, the photosynthetic yields (Fv/Fm), the functional absorption cross section (a proxy for efficiency of photosynthetic energy acquisition), the kinetics of photosynthetic electron transport between Photosystem II and Photosystem I, and the size of the PQ pool. These parameters were measured at excitation wavelength of 445 nm, 470nm, 505 nm, and 535 nm, allowing to assess the presence and the photosynthetic performance of different phytoplankton taxa based on the spectral composition of their light harvesting pigments. The FRRF-derived photosynthetic characteristics were used to calculate the initial slope, the half saturation, and the maximum level of Photosynthesis vs Irradiance relationship. FRRF data were acquired continuously, at 1-minute time intervals.
    Keywords: Fondation Tara Expeditions; FondTara; Tara_Oceans_2009-2013; Tara Oceans Expedition
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 34.3 MBytes
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-01-06
    Description: The Tara Oceans Expedition (2009-2013) sampled the world oceans on board a 36 m long schooner, collecting environmental data and organisms from viruses to planktonic metazoans for later analyses using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Tara Oceans Data are particularly suited to study the genetic, morphological and functional diversity of plankton. During the entire expedition (2009-2013), underway measurements were obtained from a meteorological station (BATOS), a thermosalinograph (TSG, SBE 45), a Fast Repetition Rate Flurometer (FRRF, LIFT-FRR01), and a spectrophotometer (WETLabs AC-S). In 2013 underway measurements were enhanced by adding a Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) sensor (QCP2350, Biospherical Instruments, Inc.), a laser spectrofluorometer (WETLabs ALFA, Chekalyuk et al., 2012) that replaced the FRRF, a spectral backscattering sensor (WETLabs Eco-bb3), a pCO2 sensor (ProOceanus CO2-Pro), a pH sensor (Satlantic, SeaFET) and a particle imaging system triggered by chlorophyll-a fluorescence (a prototype of McLane Research Laboratories' Imaging FlowCytobot, Sosik Lab, WHOI). Discrete measurements of CDOM absorption measurements were made using an Ultrapath (WPI Inc.) to calibrate the in-line AC-S. Hence the AC-S was also used to provide CDOM absorption in addition to particulate matter properties. The present dataset contains surface water data measured during the 2009-2012 campaigns of the Tara Oceans Expedition. Latitude and Longitude were obtained from TSG data. The time stamp of this data set is harmonised with that of other underway data in this collection.
    Keywords: [CSSS]; [day/night] [surface water layer (ENVO:00002042)]; Abu Dhabi to Muscat, Stations: none; Algiers to Barcelona, Stations: TARA_008-011; ALTITUDE; Ascencion to Rio de Janiero, Stations: TARA_072-076; Athens to Beyrouth, Stations: TARA_027-028; Atseranana to Mamoudzou, Stations: TARA_053-054; Barcelona to Nice, Stations: none; Basis of event; Bermuda to Horta, Stations: TARA_148-151; Beyrouth to Alexandria, Stations: TARA_029-030; Bizerte to Naples, Stations: TARA_014; Buenos Aires to Ushuaia, Stations: TARA_079b-083; Campaign of event; CapeTown to Ascencion, Stations: TARA_067-071; Chlorophyll a; Comment of event; Continuous Surface Sampling System; DATE/TIME; Dubrovnik to Athens, Stations: TARA_025-026; Easter Island to Guayaquil, Stations: TARA_098-102; Event label; Fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF) (Kolber & Falkowski, 1993); Fluorescence, maximum; Fluorescence, minimum; Fondation Tara Expeditions; FondTara; Functional absorption cross section; Guayaquil to Puerto Ayora, Stations: TARA_103-106; Guayaquil to Totegegie, Stations: TARA_110-113; Honolulu to San Diego, Stations: TARA_131-135; Horta to La Coruna, Stations: TARA_152-154; Initial slope of the photosynthesis/irradiance relationship; Irradiance half-saturation level; Jeddah to Djibouti, Stations: TARA_034; LATITUDE; Lisbon to Tangier, Stations: TARA_003-004; LONGITUDE; Lorient to Lisbon, Stations: TARA_001-002; Malé to Saint Brandon, Stations: TARA_044-049; Mamoudzou to Cape Town, Stations: TARA_055-066; Maximum level of photosynthetic electron transport; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Method/Device of event; Mumbai to Malé, Stations: TARA_041-043; Muscat to Mumbai, Stations: TARA_036-040; Naples to Valetta, Stations: TARA_015-017; NASA Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry Programme; New-York City to Bermuda, Stations: TARA_146-147; Nice to Bizerte, Stations: TARA_012-013; OBB; Optional event label; Panama City to Savannah, Stations: TARA_141-143; Papeete to Honolulu, Stations: TARA_126-130; Particle size distribution slope; Particulate organic carbon; Plastoquinone pool size; Port Louis to Saint Denis, Stations: TARA_050-051; Puerto Ayora to Guayaquil, Stations: TARA_107-109; Puerto Montt to Valparaiso, Stations: TARA_090-092; Puerto Williams to Puerto Montt, Stations: none; registered at PANGAEA, Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science; registered at the European Nucleotides Archive (ENA); Rio de Janiero to Buenos Aires, Stations: TARA_077-079a; Saint Brandon to Saint Brandon, Stations: Coral sampling; Saint Denis to Antseranana, Stations: TARA_052; Salinity; San Diego to Panama City, Stations: TARA_136-140; Savannah to New-York City, Stations: TARA_144-145; Sharm El Sheikh to Jeddah, Stations: TARA_031-033; Spectrophotometer, WET Labs, Inc., AC-S; Station label; SV Tara; Taiohae harbour to Papeete, Stations: TARA_122-125; Tangier to Algiers, Stations: TARA_005-007; TARA_20090905Z; TARA_20090905Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20090913Z; TARA_20090913Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20090919Z; TARA_20090919Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20090926Z; TARA_20090926Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091004Z; TARA_20091004Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091011Z; TARA_20091011Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091019Z; TARA_20091019Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091025Z; TARA_20091025Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091031Z; TARA_20091031Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091111Z; TARA_20091111Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091122Z; TARA_20091122Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091128Z; TARA_20091128Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20091214Z; TARA_20091214Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100108Z; TARA_20100108Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100118Z; TARA_20100118Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100302Z; TARA_20100302Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100309Z; TARA_20100309Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100327Z; TARA_20100327Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100410Z; TARA_20100410Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100423Z; TARA_20100423Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100508Z; TARA_20100508Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100515Z; TARA_20100515Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100523Z; TARA_20100523Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100624Z; TARA_20100624Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20100905Z; TARA_20100905Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20101003Z; TARA_20101003Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20101031Z; TARA_20101031Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20101126Z; TARA_20101126Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20101231Z; TARA_20101231Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110203Z; TARA_20110203Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110220Z; TARA_20110220Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110311Z; TARA_20110311Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110401Z; TARA_20110401Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110501Z; TARA_20110501Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110509Z; TARA_20110509Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110520Z; TARA_20110520Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110626Z; TARA_20110626Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110716Z; TARA_20110716Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110726Z; TARA_20110726Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110826Z; TARA_20110826Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20110928Z; TARA_20110928Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20111124Z; TARA_20111124Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20111230Z; TARA_20111230Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20120126Z; TARA_20120126Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20120212Z; TARA_20120212Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20120223Z; TARA_20120223Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; TARA_20120314Z; TARA_20120314Z_UDW_EVENT_CSSS; Tara_Oceans_2009-2013; Tara Oceans Expedition; Temperature, water; Thermosalinograph; Time constant, electron transport from plastoquinone to photosystem I pool; Time constant, electron transport from primary electron acceptor to plastoquinone pool; Totegegie to Taiohae harbour, Stations: Coral sampling; Totegegie to Totegegie, Stations: TARA_114-121; TSG; Ushuaia to Puerto Williams, Stations: TARA_084-089; Valetta to Dubrovnik, Stations: TARA_020-024; Valetta to Tripoli, Stations: TARA_018; Valparaiso to Easter Island, Stations: TARA_093-097
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1249146 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2015. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 29 (2015): 1145–1164, doi:10.1002/2015GB005141.
    Description: Time-series observations are critical to understand the structure, function, and dynamics of marine ecosystems. The Hawaii Ocean Time-series program has maintained near-monthly sampling at Station ALOHA (22°45′N, 158°00′W) in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) since 1988 and has identified ecosystem variability over seasonal to interannual timescales. To further extend the temporal resolution of these near-monthly time-series observations, an extensive field campaign was conducted during July–September 2012 at Station ALOHA with near-daily sampling of upper water-column biogeochemistry, phytoplankton abundance, and activity. The resulting data set provided biogeochemical measurements at high temporal resolution and documents two important events at Station ALOHA: (1) a prolonged period of low productivity when net community production in the mixed layer shifted to a net heterotrophic state and (2) detection of a distinct sea-surface salinity minimum feature which was prominent in the upper water column (0–50 m) for a period of approximately 30 days. The shipboard observations during July–September 2012 were supplemented with in situ measurements provided by Seagliders, profiling floats, and remote satellite observations that together revealed the extent of the low productivity and the sea-surface salinity minimum feature in the NPSG.
    Description: NOAA Climate Observation Division; National Science Foundation (NSF) Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE) Grant Numbers: EF0424599, OCE-1153656, OCE-1260164; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Investigator
    Description: 2016-02-13
    Keywords: Primary productivity ; Microbial ecology ; Station ALOHA ; Temporal variability ; Biogeochemistry
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/msword
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 51 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs were recently found to constitute a significant portion of the marine microbial community. These bacteria use bacteriochlorophyll-containing reaction centers to perform photoheterotrophic metabolism. A new instrument for routine measurements of both chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll a was used for monitoring anoxygenic phototrophs in the Baltic Sea in late summer 2003. Bacteriochlorophyll a concentration ranged from 8 to 50 ng l−1, with an average bacteriochlorophyll/chlorophyll ratio of 4.2 × 10−3. Moreover, diel trends in bacteriochlorophyll a signals were observed, with a distinct decline occurring during daylight hours. Based on laboratory measurements this phenomenon was ascribed to the complete inhibition of bacteriochlorophyll synthesis by light, which, in combination with a concurrent turnover of the cells, resulted in a pigment decline. Following this explanation, we postulate that bacteriochlorophyll a can serve as a natural ‘pulse-and-chase' marker, allowing estimation of the mortality rates of anoxygenic phototrophs from the rates of pigment decline. Based on this assumption, we suggest that the Baltic photoheterotrophic community was characterized by high turnover rates, in a range of 0.7–2 d−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A 64 km2 region of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean was enriched with ferrous sulphate to a final concentration of 2 nM iron on 29 May, followed by two 1 nM iron enrichments on 1 and 5 June 19958. The effects of iron enrichment were detected in real time by following changes in variable ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Determining the spatial and temporal diversity of photosynthetic processes in forest canopies presents a challenge to the evaluation of biological feedbacks needed for improvement of carbon and climate models. Limited access with portable instrumentation, especially in the outer canopy, makes remote sensing of these processes a priority in experimental ecosystem and climate change research. Here, we describe the application of a new, active, chlorophyll fluorescence measurement system for remote sensing of light use efficiency, based on analysis of laser-induced fluorescence transients (LIFT). We used mature stands of Populus grown at ambient (380 ppm) and elevated CO2 (1220 ppm) in the enclosed agriforests of the Biosphere 2 Laboratory (B2L) to compare parameters of photosynthetic efficiency, photosynthetic electron transport, and dissipation of excess light measured by LIFT and by standard on-the-leaf saturating flash methods using a commercially available pulse-modulated chlorophyll fluorescence instrument (Mini-PAM). We also used LIFT to observe the diel courses of these parameters in leaves of two tropical forest dominants, Inga and Pterocarpus, growing in the enclosed model tropical forest of B2L. Midcanopy leaves of both trees showed the expected relationships among chlorophyll fluorescence-derived photosynthetic parameters in response to sun exposure, but, unusually, both displayed an afternoon increase in nonphotochemical quenching in the shade, which was ascribed to reversible inhibition of photosynthesis at high leaf temperatures in the enclosed canopy. Inga generally showed higher rates of photosynthetic electron transport, but greater afternoon reduction in photosynthetic efficiency. The potential for estimation of the contribution of outer canopy photosynthesis to forest CO2 assimilation, and assessment of its response to environmental stress using remote sensing devices such as LIFT, is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The pulsed nature or "time structure'' of synchrotron radiation from electron storage rings is used to measure the kinetics of the decay of electronically excited states and is particularly useful because the wavelength of excitation can be chosen at will. However, changes in the length of the pulses of radiation from a storage ring resulting from the gradual decrease of current circulating in the ring during the course of a "fill'' limit the duration of data collection, and hence photometric sensitivity. A fourth-harmonic cavity that was recently added to the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) storage ring at the National Synchrotron Light Source slows the loss of current during a fill, and thus increases the total number of photons produced. When operated in a passive (unpowered) mode, however, the fourth-harmonic cavity increases both the average width of the photon pulses and the changes in width that occur during a fill, thus reducing the usefulness of the VUV ring in timing experiments. We demonstrate that operating the fourth-harmonic cavity in an active (powered) mode, while further increasing pulse duration, can stabilize pulse width, thereby restoring timing capabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A Monte Carlo convolution method for simulating time-correlated single photon counting data is presented. The random convolution automatically produces the Poisson statistics of the real experiment. The new simulation technique offers realistic treatment of various aspects of the single photon counting experiment, including pulse pileup. The random convolution is also incorporated in a data analysis technique using a reference fluorophore. Illustrative examples comparing the Monte Carlo and conventional simulation methods are given and the conceptual differences are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FIG. 1 a, Spatial distributions of soluble iron in the iron-enriched area at year day 300-301 (27-28 October, 1993)1. The ship track is shown as a yellow line. The enriched area is seen as an orange-red feature in the centre of the panel, b, The corresponding variations in photochemical energy ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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