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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Chemistry of Maleimide and Its Derivatives. I. N-Carbamylmaleimide (1960)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 25 (1960), S. 56-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo01071a017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digital, photon-counting fluorescence polarometer (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 48 (1976), S. 846-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60370a038
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variational approach to the calculation of the radii in the stagnant core model of shaped charge jet formation (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7731-7740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of a jet and slug from a collapsing shaped charge liner can be viewed, by appropriate choice of reference frame, as the result of two fluid streams impinging upon each other. In this article we consider this formation process and develop further the concept of a stagnant core model. In this model a core region of material is supposed to be stationary at the junction where the liner material turns to form the jet and slug. In our two-dimensional treatment the boundaries of the core region and the free streamlines are assumed to be arcs of circles and the main problem is to determine the radii of these boundaries. However, unlike in previous work, a nonuniform flow field is assumed to exist in the circular flow region from the outset. The nonuniform flow field we derive needs to be matched with the (assumed) uniform flow in the impinging stream. To accomplish this a transition region in the impinging stream is postulated. Consideration of the mass and momentum balances in this region leads to further model equations. The first of these balances gives a relation between the radii of the free streamline and the stagnant core boundary. It is shown that there are no physically acceptable exact solutions to the model equations when the energy is minimized. However a very accurate approximate solution is shown to exist. This solution leads to an expression for the liner speed on the core boundary which is identical to the critical speed used in a recent study on the formation of incoherent jets. Physically sensible values of the free streamline radius are also shown to result from this approximate solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357948
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On analytic modeling of casing and liner thickness variations in a shaped charge (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 96-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The jet from a shaped charge is formed by the collapse of its typically conical liner under the high pressures resulting from a detonation front. Nominally the charge is axisymmetric and the jet travels along the axis of symmetry of the charge. However, when asymmetries are present in the shaped charge the velocities imparted to liner elements at a given axial distance from the cone tip will be different. Thus the jet formation process becomes asymmetrical and a nonzero off-axis component of the jet velocity is generally produced. Such an off-axis component can cause considerable degradation in the penetration achieved by the jet. In this article a recent novel approach to the modeling of shaped charge liner collapse with constant liner projection velocities in the presence of asymmetries is generalized to include Randers–Pehrson acceleration of the liner elements. The Gurney formula for an asymmetric closed sandwich is used for the limiting liner element speed in the Randers–Pehrson model and it is shown how the required mass elements may be calculated in a shaped charge application. Simple illustrative models are used to describe thickness variations in the shaped charge casing and liner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355768
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethylene-Propylene Copolymers Produced with Soluble Catalysts (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 1 (1962), S. 210-216 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i360003a017
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detergency and Biodegradability of Alcohol-Based sec Sulfates (1965)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 4 (1965), S. 28-32 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i360013a009
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circular streamline model of shaped-charge jet and slug formation with asymmetry (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 7700-7709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of a jet as a result of the collapse of a shaped charge liner in the presence of asymmetry is considered. The development of a satisfactory analytic formation model based on the assumption of incompressible fluid flow requires the solution of the classically indeterminate problem of the collision of two unequal streams. A method of closing the problem is presented. It rests on the assumptions that there is a stagnant core region and that the flows of material from the impinging streams into the jet and slug turn by following circular streamlines with no decrease in speed. Balances of the centrifugal forces with the pressure in the stagnant core, relations derived from the flow geometry, the equation of mass conservation, and Bernoulli's law provide the mathematical statement of the problem. These equations are manipulated to produce a reduced set of four equations in four unknowns, enabling a solution to be determined. This analytic solution predicts that both the jet and the slug are deflected by the same acute angle from the line of bisection of the angle between the impinging streams. The percentages of material in each stream which turn to form the jet are the same. The new model recovers analytically the classical Birkhoff, MacDougall, Pugh, and Taylor [J. Appl. Phys. 19, 563 (1948)] jet formation model in the symmetric case. It also yields the correct analytic result for the head-on collision of two streams of equal speeds but differing widths. More generally the model predicts an approximately linear dependence of the off-axis jet velocity component on the percentage difference in the stream speeds and a similar dependence for the widths. The predicted absolute values of the off-axis velocity are greater for a given difference in the stream speeds than for the same percentage difference in the widths. Finally, fair agreement with some previous experimental work on the collision of streams of unequal widths is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356601
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analytic model for the prediction of incoherent shaped charge jets (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 1255-1265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is now a well recognized fact that the jet from a shaped charge can be overdriven in the sense that the fastest moving particles are not produced as a cohesive mass of material. Rather, the tip material may be produced as a number of discrete particles which possess different nonzero radial components of velocity and hence spread out from the axis of symmetry of the charge. Such a jet is classed as incoherent and when this incoherency occurs the jet's target penetration capability is invariably degraded. This physical phenomenon is the subject matter of this article. Several experimental results using common shaped charge materials are presented first. An analytic model which predicts the jet speed at the transition point between a coherent and incoherent state is then described. This model is based on the assumption that a stagnant core with circular boundaries exists in the flow region. Further, the flow field is assumed to be compressible with circular streamlines. The Murnaghan equation of state is used to relate the pressure and density in the flow region where the jet is produced. It is postulated that the transition between a coherent and incoherent state occurs when the circular flow becomes wholly supersonic. The critical Mach number for coherency is shown to be approximated to high accuracy by a simple formula depending on the collapse angle of the flow and the incoming flow speed. Excellent agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370879
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S2.1 Structure and function of mammalian glycosyltransferase genes (1993)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 10 (1993), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01209844
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of laplace transform and finite difference solutions for an evolving permafrost region (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 14 (1990), S. 631-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Laplace transform solutions are derived for an evolving permafrost region in saturated ground when the freezing interface moves with constant speed. The solution is inverse in the sense that the melting temperature at the interface and the groud surface temperature are prescribed functions of time. The solution procedure incorporates an initial temperature distribution in a domain extended above the ground surface. This allows, by asymptotic analysis, the construction of initially continuous melting and surface temperatures with bounded first and second derivatives. Solutions for two classes of initial conditions are determined by numerical inversion of the transforms. These solutions are used to test the corresponding solutions obtained by a direct finite difference algorithm developed earlier.1 Good agreements for both interface path and temperature profiles are obtained in both classes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610140904
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