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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-01-13
    Description: Microphysical and optical properties of aerosol were studied during a mega-fire event in summer 2012 over Siberia using ground-based measurements of spectral solar radiation at the AERONET site in Tomsk and satellite observations. The data were analysed using multi-year (2003–2013) measurements of aerosol characteristics under background conditions and for less intense fires, differing in burning biomass type, stage of fire, remoteness from observation site, etc. (ordinary smoke). In June–August 2012, the average aerosol optical depth (AOD, 500 nm) had been 0.95 ± 0.86, about a factor of 6 larger than background values (0.16 ± 0.08), and a factor of 2.5 larger than in ordinary smoke. The AOD values were extremely high on 24–28 July and reached 3–5. A comparison with satellite observations showed that ground-based measurements in the region of Tomsk not only reflect the local AOD features, but are also characteristic for the territory of Western Siberia as a whole. Single scattering albedo (SSA, 440 nm) in this period ranged from 0.91 to 0.99 with an average of ∼ 0.96 in the entire wavelength range of 440–1020 nm. The increase in absorptance of aerosol particles (SSA(440 nm)  =  0.92) and decrease in SSA with wavelength observed in ordinary smoke agree with the data from multi-year observations in analogous situations in the boreal zone of USA and Canada. Volume aerosol size distribution in extreme and ordinary smoke had a bimodal character with significant prevalence of fine-mode particles, but in summer 2012 the mean median radius and the width of the fine-mode distribution somewhat increased. In contrast to data from multi-year observations, in summer 2012 an increase in the volume concentration and median radius of the coarse mode was observed with growing AOD. The calculations of the average radiative effects of smoke and background aerosol are presented. Compared to background conditions and ordinary smoke, under the extreme smoke conditions the cooling effect of aerosol considerably intensifies: direct radiative effects (DRE) at the bottom (BOA) and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) are −13, −35, and −60 W m−2 and −5, −14, and −35 W m−2 respectively. The maximal values of DRE were observed on 27 July (AOD(500 nm)  =  3.5), when DRE(BOA) reached −150 W m−2, while DRE(TOA) and DRE of the atmosphere were −75 W m−2. During the fire event in summer 2012 the direct radiative effect efficiency varied in range: at the BOA it was −80–−40 W m−2, at the TOA it was −50–−20 W m−2 and in the atmosphere it was −35–−20 W m−2.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-08-15
    Description: Microphysical and optical properties of aerosol were studied during mega-fire event in summer 2012 over Siberia using ground-based measurements of spectral solar radiation at AERONET site in Tomsk and satellite observations. The data were analyzed using multiyear (2003–2013) measurements of aerosol characteristics under background conditions and for less intense fires, differing in burning biomass type, stage of fire, remoteness from observation site, etc. ("ordinary fires"). In June–August 2012, the average aerosol optical depth (AOD, 500 nm) had been 0.95 ± 0.86, about a factor of 6 larger than background values (0.16 ± 0.08), and a factor of 2.5 larger than in "ordinary smokes". The AOD values were extremely high on July 24–28 and reached 3–5. Comparison with satellite observations showed that ground-based measurements in the region of Tomsk not only reflect the local AOD features, but also are characteristic for the territory of the Western Siberia as a whole. Single scattering albedo (SSA, 440 nm) in this period ranged from 0.91 to 0.99 with the average of ~ 0.96 in the entire wavelength range of 440–1020 nm. The increase in absorptance of aerosol particles (SSA(440 nm)=0,92) and decrease in SSA with wavelength, observed in "ordinary smokes", agree with the data of multiyear observations in analogous situations in boreal zone of USA and Canada. Volume aerosol size distribution in smoke mist and ordinary smokes had bimodal character with significant prevalence of fine mode particles, but in summer 2012 the mean median radius and the width of the fine mode distribution somewhat increased. In contrast to data of multiyear observations, in summer 2012 an increase in the volume concentration and median radius of the coarse mode was observed with the growing AOD. The calculations of the "average" radiative effects of smoke and background aerosol are presented. As compared to background conditions and "ordinary smokes", under the conditions of smoke mist the cooling effect of aerosol considerably intensifies: direct radiative effects (DRE) at the bottom (BOA) and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) are −13, −35, and −60 W m−2 and −5, −14, and −35 W m−2 respectively. The maximal values of DRE were observed on July 27 (AOD(500 nm)=3.5), when DRE(BOA) reached −180 W m−2, while DRE(TOA) and DRE of the atmosphere were −80 W m−2.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Microphysical and optical properties of aerosol were studied during a mega-fire event in summer 2012 over Siberia using ground-based measurements of spectral solarradiation at the AERONET site in Tomsk and satellite observations. The data were analyzed using multi-year (2003-2013) measurements of aerosol characteristics under back-ground conditions and for less intense fires, differing in burning biomass type, stage of fire, remoteness from observation site, etc. (ordinary smoke). In June-August 2012, the average aerosol optical depth (AOD, 500 nm) had been 0.95+/-0.86, about a factor of 6 larger than background values (0.16+/-0.08), and a factor of 2.5 larger than in ordinary smoke. The AOD values were extremely high on 24-28 July and reached 3-5. A comparison with satellite observations showed that ground-based measurements in the region of Tomsk not only reflect the local AOD features, but are also characteristic for the territory of Western Siberia as a whole. Single scattering albedo (SSA, 440 nm) in this period ranged from 0.91 to 0.99 with an average of approx. 0.96 in the entire wavelength range of 440-1020 nm. The increase in absorptance of aerosol particles (SSA(440 nm)=0.92) and decrease in SSA with wavelength observed in ordinary smoke agree with the data from multi-year observations in analogous situations in the boreal zone of USA and Canada. Volume aerosol size distribution in extreme and ordinary smoke had a bimodal character with significant prevalence of fine-mode particles, but in summer 2012 the mean median radius and the width of the fine-mode distribution somewhat increased. In contrast to data from multi-year observations, in summer 2012 an increase in the volume concentration and median radius of the coarse mode was observed with growing AOD.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN43456 , Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (e-ISSN 1867-8548); 10; 1; 179-198
    Format: text
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